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Online since: September 2024
Authors: Dina Sami Kadhim, Jamela Saadi Aziz, Hawraa Khaleel Ibrahim
For this reason, natural gas is sent to the heat exchanger cooling unit, passing through a network of tubes and surrounded by a cooled medium, usually water or air.
Both designs have been validated using COMSOL Multiphysics®, which simulates the conditions associated with microelectronics air and water cooling and operated within Reynolds numbers ranging from 50 to 2300.
In 2019, this research indicates the pioneering potential of using design software for heat exchangers as an essential tool for industry professionals.
The exploratory study was managed to the destination of determining the optimal air flow rate with the same thermal heat exchanger professional performance and was used as a benchmark for comparison with the basic results obtained in Table (3).
Assessment of vortex generator shapes and pin fin perforations FOR ENHANCING water-based heat sink performance.
Both designs have been validated using COMSOL Multiphysics®, which simulates the conditions associated with microelectronics air and water cooling and operated within Reynolds numbers ranging from 50 to 2300.
In 2019, this research indicates the pioneering potential of using design software for heat exchangers as an essential tool for industry professionals.
The exploratory study was managed to the destination of determining the optimal air flow rate with the same thermal heat exchanger professional performance and was used as a benchmark for comparison with the basic results obtained in Table (3).
Assessment of vortex generator shapes and pin fin perforations FOR ENHANCING water-based heat sink performance.
Online since: August 2016
Authors: Rodrigo Polkowski, Pollyana Melo, Luciano Pisanu
Such environmental influences include water, greases, oils, chemicals products for coatings, road salts, spilled fuel and other automotive fluids.
The polyamide 12, in addition to the characteristics mentioned above, has low water absorption, allowing their physical properties to remain effectively stable under humidity, and excellent abrasion resistance, which enables to support the friction which may occur under the vehicle [5, 6, 7].
The International Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) coordinates the development of technical standards based on best practices, identified and described by engineering professionals from relevant fields.
The first test method requests to immerse the samples in a 50% aqueous solution of zinc chloride for 200 hours at 23 °C and the second one asks for 50% engine degreaser and 50% water for 60 days.
The fluid agent Solupan was diluted in water at concentrations of 15:1 and 30:1 (volume fractions of 3% and 6%).
The polyamide 12, in addition to the characteristics mentioned above, has low water absorption, allowing their physical properties to remain effectively stable under humidity, and excellent abrasion resistance, which enables to support the friction which may occur under the vehicle [5, 6, 7].
The International Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) coordinates the development of technical standards based on best practices, identified and described by engineering professionals from relevant fields.
The first test method requests to immerse the samples in a 50% aqueous solution of zinc chloride for 200 hours at 23 °C and the second one asks for 50% engine degreaser and 50% water for 60 days.
The fluid agent Solupan was diluted in water at concentrations of 15:1 and 30:1 (volume fractions of 3% and 6%).
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Shu Zhong Wang, Yan Meng Gong, Yan Hui Li
Thus, the volumes of oxidant and wastewater could be calculated for each experiment by a software of water physics properties when the temperature, pressure and oxidation coefficient were known.
Take the reactor out and immerse it into cold water once the time is up.
COD, BOD, NH4-N and chloride concentrations of concentrated leachate and liquid products were determined by the national standard methods for water quality analysis in China, respectively.
The pH of the samples was analyzed in a Sartorius Professional Meter (PP-15, Germany).
Many researchers have confirmed that pressure influence on SCWO is small when pressure is above the critical pressure of water [14,15].
Take the reactor out and immerse it into cold water once the time is up.
COD, BOD, NH4-N and chloride concentrations of concentrated leachate and liquid products were determined by the national standard methods for water quality analysis in China, respectively.
The pH of the samples was analyzed in a Sartorius Professional Meter (PP-15, Germany).
Many researchers have confirmed that pressure influence on SCWO is small when pressure is above the critical pressure of water [14,15].
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Xiao Mei Shang, Zheng Li, Hui Qin Sun
For example, in process control comprehensive experiments, one is the fluctuation water tank double let property test experiment.
Through the experiment we can get fluctuation water tank characteristic curve, and then get second order system transfer function.
In the control panel on the water pump 1, electric control valve.
Setting valve opening value and enable the water level in a equilibrium position, then write down valve opening value.
Professional technology:52-53(2010) [3]Lian Zhikai.
Through the experiment we can get fluctuation water tank characteristic curve, and then get second order system transfer function.
In the control panel on the water pump 1, electric control valve.
Setting valve opening value and enable the water level in a equilibrium position, then write down valve opening value.
Professional technology:52-53(2010) [3]Lian Zhikai.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Ji Yuan Wu, Yu Wen Ju, Yu Cong Zhang
The coastal areas of soft clay generally have a large thickness, high water content, void ratio, low-intensity, high-sensitivity, high compression resistance, low permeability characteristics.
Cement mixing pile construction quality control points Application of cement mixing pile technology must pay attention to the choice of the construction site, one must be a case of normal consolidation, and the second be mud soil, plain fill, organic soil, peat soil and a high water content foundation and its bearing capacity of the standard value must be less than 120kpa the soft ground.
The reasonable position excavation formulated grout mortar pool with cement mortar surface waterproofing treatment; water to clean the entire pipe and test whether the pipeline clogging, until the water is drained before drilling.
Applications in cement mixed piles of soft ground treatment needs to pay attention to several matters In cement mixing pile construction should be selected professional staff responsible for, and full implementation of monitoring.
It should be selected site construction records of professional personnel at the construction, detailed records the construction pile Date, shotcrete depth, the rig speed, stop pulp elevation, slurry flow and complex mix depth matters[7].
Cement mixing pile construction quality control points Application of cement mixing pile technology must pay attention to the choice of the construction site, one must be a case of normal consolidation, and the second be mud soil, plain fill, organic soil, peat soil and a high water content foundation and its bearing capacity of the standard value must be less than 120kpa the soft ground.
The reasonable position excavation formulated grout mortar pool with cement mortar surface waterproofing treatment; water to clean the entire pipe and test whether the pipeline clogging, until the water is drained before drilling.
Applications in cement mixed piles of soft ground treatment needs to pay attention to several matters In cement mixing pile construction should be selected professional staff responsible for, and full implementation of monitoring.
It should be selected site construction records of professional personnel at the construction, detailed records the construction pile Date, shotcrete depth, the rig speed, stop pulp elevation, slurry flow and complex mix depth matters[7].
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Hai Bo Jiang, Hang Guo, Jie Liu
If the tower is installed on the reefs, its bottom will be in direct contact with air and sea water hence its corrosion is easier than a single environment.
We suggest take measures focusing on coatings system which includes isolation of materials, anti-rust sealing [4], complete sealing of wind turbine's cabin, to prevent high-salt high-water air into the cabin with shell cooling mode in stead of air cooling mode. 3) While installation one of the critical factors is to consider how to balance the overturning moment from typhoon.
As the density of water is over 800 times of the air and considering the above data, we conclude that the South China Sea wave energy and ocean current energy resources are relatively abundant.
Fourth, all the components are different with their corresponding available ones in market on the structure, materials, processing technology, thus are required to re-design, manufacturing alone, so the cost of the wave or ocean current power generation equipment is times or even hundreds of times of cost of the same power wind equipment in the market. 3) Installation is difficult There has to be professional divers for submarine installation, so foundation construction is extremely difficult.
On the other hand, people on coral reefs lacks management experience, professional repair knowledge or diving skill which would probably cause permanent dysfunction of the equipments [6]. 2.3 Application feasibility analysis With the comprehensive analysis of the pros and cons of wave and ocean current energy for power generation, we conclude the infeasibility of power generation in coral reefs within future ten years.
We suggest take measures focusing on coatings system which includes isolation of materials, anti-rust sealing [4], complete sealing of wind turbine's cabin, to prevent high-salt high-water air into the cabin with shell cooling mode in stead of air cooling mode. 3) While installation one of the critical factors is to consider how to balance the overturning moment from typhoon.
As the density of water is over 800 times of the air and considering the above data, we conclude that the South China Sea wave energy and ocean current energy resources are relatively abundant.
Fourth, all the components are different with their corresponding available ones in market on the structure, materials, processing technology, thus are required to re-design, manufacturing alone, so the cost of the wave or ocean current power generation equipment is times or even hundreds of times of cost of the same power wind equipment in the market. 3) Installation is difficult There has to be professional divers for submarine installation, so foundation construction is extremely difficult.
On the other hand, people on coral reefs lacks management experience, professional repair knowledge or diving skill which would probably cause permanent dysfunction of the equipments [6]. 2.3 Application feasibility analysis With the comprehensive analysis of the pros and cons of wave and ocean current energy for power generation, we conclude the infeasibility of power generation in coral reefs within future ten years.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Xin Wu, Liu Yang, Jian Ping Shi, Yang Yan
Many people, including some professionals, have such misunderstanding of environmental-friendly buildings today: new techniques must be used and the cost must be high.
In order to prevent the steam getting into insulating layer through the structural layer, and making water-drops, which damages the function of heat preservation moisture barrier can be put under the layer.
Usually, waterproofing paint and brushing matched with rubber roll-roofing 2mm,or adding a layer of stones or ceramsite as ventilate layer onto the insulating layer, or making screen-coat and water-proof coiled material.
Using solar energy to provide hot water, heating and air conditioning is an effective method to realize the adaptation to cold climate, thermal insulation and energy saving of the buildings like solar-thermal wall and roof, etc.
Moreover, renewable energy such as wind energy, biomass energy, water energy in cold district can play an important role in climate adaptability of the buildings.
In order to prevent the steam getting into insulating layer through the structural layer, and making water-drops, which damages the function of heat preservation moisture barrier can be put under the layer.
Usually, waterproofing paint and brushing matched with rubber roll-roofing 2mm,or adding a layer of stones or ceramsite as ventilate layer onto the insulating layer, or making screen-coat and water-proof coiled material.
Using solar energy to provide hot water, heating and air conditioning is an effective method to realize the adaptation to cold climate, thermal insulation and energy saving of the buildings like solar-thermal wall and roof, etc.
Moreover, renewable energy such as wind energy, biomass energy, water energy in cold district can play an important role in climate adaptability of the buildings.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Ke Qiang Zhang, Xin Li, Peng Yang
From the different concentration of water purification contrast test, analysis of the material in ascension water purification system processing power play a role.
To different concentrations of water quality of different pollutants index, it can effectively improve water purification effect 18%-40%, and use of low cost, market broad prospect of application.
Test items unit Test values Test values Test method 1 Quality of per square meter g/m2 610 750 GB/T13762 2 Width mm 1040 1040 GB/T4667 3 Breaking strength Vertical KN/m 16.08 15.08 GB/T15788 Horizontal 19.20 18.20 4 Tear strength Vertical KN 0.62 0.52 GB/T13763 Horizontal 0.41 0.31 5 Peel strength Vertical KN/cm 1.37 1.27 FZ/T01010 Horizontal 1.57 1.47 6 Surface load bearing N/m2 120 110 GB/T17633 7 Repeated the water immersion test 23℃×168h Adhesive properties do not change Adhesive properties do not change GB1690 Application of materials Now for the materials, agricultural and environmental protection scientific research institutions in the professional field have use the AWPP materials into the water purification projects of agricultural river water and intensive livestock and poultry breeding wastewater as biofilm carriers, and carry out the corresponding tests and analysis.
For low concentrations of agricultural irrigation river water, according to 10 years of life estimates, every cubic water treatment facilities in accordance with 0.6m3/d load ability to calculate, which can deal with 2160m3 of waste water in ten years, so the treatment cost of per cubic meter of water is about US$0.046.
Heilongjiang Science and Technology of Water Conservancy, 35(5)(2007),224.
To different concentrations of water quality of different pollutants index, it can effectively improve water purification effect 18%-40%, and use of low cost, market broad prospect of application.
Test items unit Test values Test values Test method 1 Quality of per square meter g/m2 610 750 GB/T13762 2 Width mm 1040 1040 GB/T4667 3 Breaking strength Vertical KN/m 16.08 15.08 GB/T15788 Horizontal 19.20 18.20 4 Tear strength Vertical KN 0.62 0.52 GB/T13763 Horizontal 0.41 0.31 5 Peel strength Vertical KN/cm 1.37 1.27 FZ/T01010 Horizontal 1.57 1.47 6 Surface load bearing N/m2 120 110 GB/T17633 7 Repeated the water immersion test 23℃×168h Adhesive properties do not change Adhesive properties do not change GB1690 Application of materials Now for the materials, agricultural and environmental protection scientific research institutions in the professional field have use the AWPP materials into the water purification projects of agricultural river water and intensive livestock and poultry breeding wastewater as biofilm carriers, and carry out the corresponding tests and analysis.
For low concentrations of agricultural irrigation river water, according to 10 years of life estimates, every cubic water treatment facilities in accordance with 0.6m3/d load ability to calculate, which can deal with 2160m3 of waste water in ten years, so the treatment cost of per cubic meter of water is about US$0.046.
Heilongjiang Science and Technology of Water Conservancy, 35(5)(2007),224.
Online since: November 2015
Authors: Norbert Szmolke, Arkadiusz Gużda
Preparation of Domestic Hot Water Using Air Source Heat Pump Water Heater
Another way to produce domestic hot water is to use the compressor heat pumps with built-in water storage tanks.
Cold water temperature 10 °C 2.
Water density 1000 kg/m3 5.
Option II - Air Source Heat Pump Water Heater An alternative to a gas boiler in producing domestic hot water is air - water heat pump with an integrated water tank.
The calculations were made according to applicable standards, using professional software to perform environmental assessment - EKO Auditor 1.0.
Cold water temperature 10 °C 2.
Water density 1000 kg/m3 5.
Option II - Air Source Heat Pump Water Heater An alternative to a gas boiler in producing domestic hot water is air - water heat pump with an integrated water tank.
The calculations were made according to applicable standards, using professional software to perform environmental assessment - EKO Auditor 1.0.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Chong Zheng, Qing Liu
However, due to the difficulty of maritime control in inland complex waters and the lack of attention to inland waters development, there are some problems in the maritime control in inland complex waters.
Firstly, as the lower barriers to entry than seafarers, inland crews’ qualities are generally low and they are short of professional training.
The indexes must be selected based on the complexity of the inland complex waters.
The complex waters there have more tidal flats and long fog period.
Conclusions According to the maritime control status in inland complex waters, this paper established a performance evaluation model of maritime control in inland complex waters.
Firstly, as the lower barriers to entry than seafarers, inland crews’ qualities are generally low and they are short of professional training.
The indexes must be selected based on the complexity of the inland complex waters.
The complex waters there have more tidal flats and long fog period.
Conclusions According to the maritime control status in inland complex waters, this paper established a performance evaluation model of maritime control in inland complex waters.