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Two factors that determine the structure formation in a mixed system when a modifier is introduced into concrete have been identified.
They influence the structure and properties of gray cast iron.
Instead of lamellar graphite, vermicular graphite was obtained (Fig. 2,b) which improved their mechanical properties.
It is necessary to study the use of activating fluxes when welding in shielded gases in terms of the weld formation and the structure formation in the heat-affected zone and changes in the mechanical properties of welded products.
A combination of exceptional thermophysical, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of nanosilica makes them unique for many industries and predetermines such areas of application as materials for modifying additives and activating compositions of fluxes in metallurgy and mechanical engineering.

Because modulus of elasticity is sensitive to changes in material structure, they can also be used for prediction strength of concrete and mortars as well for evaluating inhomogeneity or changes in their physical and mechanical properties. [1].
The formula for calculation Ecu, the longitudinal dynamic modulus of elasticity in MPa, described by using UPVM is defined as: Ecu=ρ∙vL2∙1k2 (1) Where ρ is the density of concrete in kg∙m-3 vL is the velocity of ultrasonic pulse in km∙s-1 k is the factor of specimen dimensionality For our experiment, we can choose k factor equal to 1, because it has a constant value and it will not affect our comparison.
Because all volunteers measure the same sample, the factors affecting measuring the amount of ultrasonic gel and the pressure they develop on probes, so it affects the thickness of ultrasonic gel layer and how accurately they place the probes opposite each other.
And because this method is widely used, it is appropriate to pay attention to this issue before choosing the most appropriate measuring method, choosing more suitable conditions or to take affecting factors into account when interpreting the results.
Application of Impact Resonance Method for Evaluation of the Dynamic Elastic Properties of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete.

This depends on the size of the effect especially in the rheological properties and friction characteristics.
Rheological properties.
It indicates that the size of plastic micro-forming equals to grain size, the heterogeneity properties of material microstructure has a significant impact on the plastic deformation of the blank.
As shown in Fig. 4, the effect of properties of each grain (shape, size, orientation) on the mechanical properties and deformation behavior of the blank become dominant.
The effects of size effect, forming speed, other factors on plastic micro-forming based on experiments must be studied profoundly.

The characteristics of high-level radioactive waste storage structure are analyzed, and the frequencies corresponding to the maxim modal participation factors are gain.
The factors that affect the structural safety must be systematically studied, on the basis of which, the reasonable and simplified model is gained.
The impact factor affecting the nearest shield structure is the deformation of the metal vessel centaining radioactive materials.
There is lightweight aggregate concrete in the vessel, assuming the radioactive waste does not affect the basic mechanical properties of concrete, and the radioactive substance in the vessel is treated as lightweight aggregate concrete in the numerical simulation.
As can be seen, although the number of modes corresponding to the maxim modal participation factor is not the same, the number is close to each other and the difference between the frequencies of the maxim modal participation factors is less.

Othman2, b 1Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia 2Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia aabdullah@polikk.edu.my, bakbar.othman@gmail.com Keywords: Quasi-static absorbed energy, Aluminum composite, Crash box Abstract.
Failure mode characteristic of composites, depends on a complex interaction between many variables terms, which include fiber volume fraction, fiber orientations, laminate stacking sequence, specimen thickness, the behavior of the fiber-matrix interface, the properties of the constituent materials, the geometry of the specimen, crush initiating device, the crushing surface’s roughness, temperature, and load application rate [3].
(a) (b) Fig. 3.Crushing performance of composite profile: (a) Quasi-static mean load against displacement (b) Quasi-static absorbed energy against displacement The energy absorption parameter in terms of quasi-static absorbed energy decreases as the number of layer decrease, due to the some factors which is the first initial load affect the absorbed energy with less surface contact on initial crush on the head specimen composite square tubes it can be seen in Fig. 4.
Increasing number of layer on thin-walled aluminum wall will affect significantly to initial peak load, mean load and also quasi-static absorbed energy.
For a reason significant factor enhancement of load should have to sustain the longitudinal and horizontal developing crack surface on top profile of composite and aluminum crash box.

Establishment of micro aggregate model Inhomogeneity, discontinuity and discreteness of the concrete materials, randomness of material parameter distribution is one of the important factors affecting the concrete elastic modulus and strength.
The model assumes that concrete is a three-phase composite composed of cement mortar, aggregate, interfacial bond with the composition; while the composition of mechanical properties of meso element satisfies the Weibull distribution.
Random mechanical parameter In order to describe the heterogeneity of material properties of concrete, not only the distribution of aggregate particles should conform to the actual situation is random, the mechanical parameters of each materials should also have a certain randomness.
This paper assumes that the composition mechanical properties of meso element satisfies the Weibull distribution.
Material parameters are in line with the statistical distribution of these units, and randomness, could well reflect the concrete material properties.

The test results allowed for a determination of their properties and comparison.
Based on the analysis of the I-V characteristics, the basic electrical properties of the DSSCs: open-circuit voltage (VOC), short circuit current (ISC), maximum power (Pmax), Fill Factor (FF), and efficiency (ƞ) were determined.
Results and Discussion Optical properties investigation.
The efficiency is tied to the filling factor, in simple terms the higher the FF the higher the overall efficiency, and it is reflected in the results as the lowest and highest filling factors are comprised of TiO2/SiO2 system and pure TiO2.
Carbon nanotube-metal-oxide nanocomposites: Microstructure, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties.

The spatial nonlinear analysis model named double-girder is established, the geometrically nonlinear behavior of whole bridge is analyzed under dead load plus live load in normal service stage, the nonlinear analysis involves cable sag, large displacement and beam-column, the three nonlinear factors effect on internal force and deformation of side tower, main girder are investigated.
There are two major nonlinear influence factors including material nonlinearity and geometric nonlinearity.
Nonlinear consideration Geometrically nonlinear factors.
Cable-stayed bridge which is made of tower, girders and cables are flexible mechanical characteristics.
The global FE model and material properties are given in Fig.2 and Table 1.

Test for Ts and Mechanical properties of leather.
Results and discuss Effects of influencing factors on applied properties of copolymer.
Effects of influencing factors on applied properties of copolymer.
The results show that they can affect the physical properties of leather distinctly.
The good fullness, exquisite surface and excellent mechanical properties of leather are obtained by the syntan of GA-SHBS.

Enhancement of surface integrity in a turning operation by one of the reliable factor is micro hardness.
Surface integrity includes the mechanical properties (residual stresses, hardness etc.), metallurgical states (phase transformation, microstructure and related property variations, etc.) of the work material during processing and topological parameters (surface finish and other characteristic surface topographical features [3-5].
Also it is used to determine the mechanical properties of metals such as tensile strength and elastic modulus.
Kannan and Kishawy [15] investigated the effect of machining parameters and particulate properties on micro hardness of the machined surface in metal matrix composite.
Also, it is used to determine the work hardening effect, subsurface alteration, surface integrity analysis, white layer analysis, to difference between machining affected zone and bulk material, mechanical properties, metallurgical changes, tool life condition and functional attributes of the machined components.