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Online since: June 2014
Authors: Palaniappan Ramanathan, Anitha Ponnusamy
Carry select adder is high speed final stage adder widely used in many data processing units.
It gives great advantage in reduction of area [2].
Faster column compression technique is applied for partial product array reduction.
An area reduction of nearly 40% is attained.
It gives great advantage in reduction of area [2].
Faster column compression technique is applied for partial product array reduction.
An area reduction of nearly 40% is attained.
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Pei Yue Liu, Jun Fen Wang, Bao Qiu Ma
In this paper, biorthogonal lifting wavelet bior3.1 is adopted after simulation of fault data.
MATLAB Simulation The waveform of data acquired by steel material separation is shown in the MATLAB, as shown in Figure 1.
The acquired data is decomposed using biorthogonal wavelet bases bior3.1 and selecting the layer 4.
Fig.5 Hardware block diagram Fig.6 Software flow diagram Conclusion As a special digital signal processor, DSP aims to specially realize data processing, especially filtering algorithm.
Due to fine-time and frequency resolution of wavelet analysis, the acquired data is decomposed using biorthogonal wavelet base bior3.1 and selecting the layer 4.
MATLAB Simulation The waveform of data acquired by steel material separation is shown in the MATLAB, as shown in Figure 1.
The acquired data is decomposed using biorthogonal wavelet bases bior3.1 and selecting the layer 4.
Fig.5 Hardware block diagram Fig.6 Software flow diagram Conclusion As a special digital signal processor, DSP aims to specially realize data processing, especially filtering algorithm.
Due to fine-time and frequency resolution of wavelet analysis, the acquired data is decomposed using biorthogonal wavelet base bior3.1 and selecting the layer 4.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Ping Liu, Jing Feng, Jing Wang
Reducing the consumption of steel in engineering constructions, can save energy and reduce environment pollution, meet the national energy-saving emission reduction policy.
Compared the statistical results with the original design, specific data are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
Specific data are shown in Table 3(the unit of the cost is ten thousand yuan): Table3 Engineering economic comparison Member HRB400 HRB500 The saving bars[kg] The saving cost Bars[kg] cost Bars[kg] cost Beam 41863.37 15.699 32607.58 12.717 9255.786 2.982 Column 28119.15 10.545 23884.96 9.315 6260.831 1.230 The total data: 15516.62 4.212 The existing problems of HRB500 high-strength reinforced bars in the engineering application and the corresponding suggestions Using HRB500 high-strength reinforced bars will increase the production cost With the adoption of micro-alloy technology, alloying elements like V, Nb and Ti are mixed in the steel bars in the production process.
The data show that using HRB500 high-strength reinforced bars to replace lower strength grade steel bars, can effectively reduce the amount of steel and the project cost.
In addition, the reduction of steel amount can also give rise to a series of other economic and social profits.
Compared the statistical results with the original design, specific data are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
Specific data are shown in Table 3(the unit of the cost is ten thousand yuan): Table3 Engineering economic comparison Member HRB400 HRB500 The saving bars[kg] The saving cost Bars[kg] cost Bars[kg] cost Beam 41863.37 15.699 32607.58 12.717 9255.786 2.982 Column 28119.15 10.545 23884.96 9.315 6260.831 1.230 The total data: 15516.62 4.212 The existing problems of HRB500 high-strength reinforced bars in the engineering application and the corresponding suggestions Using HRB500 high-strength reinforced bars will increase the production cost With the adoption of micro-alloy technology, alloying elements like V, Nb and Ti are mixed in the steel bars in the production process.
The data show that using HRB500 high-strength reinforced bars to replace lower strength grade steel bars, can effectively reduce the amount of steel and the project cost.
In addition, the reduction of steel amount can also give rise to a series of other economic and social profits.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Shi Zhong Li, Jun Feng Li, Heng Liu
"Double Void" interference means there are some hard equipments or material in a bigger void, and it will forms larger barrier to penetration ammunition, As only according to the change of acceleration signal amplitude reduction, it is easy to considered as a layer, and originally a void was considered for two voids, It will causes the fuse to mistakenly, So as to the false burst points .In reference literature, the original data has been research through a pseudo autocorrelation and butterworth low-pass filter filtering, Making the original irregular signals take its envelope, converted to relative rules, smooth signal, eliminating some disturbance due to electrical noise, mechanical noise and other[2~4], but it still difficult to eliminate the interference of "double Void" as shown in figure 1.
1.2 The principle of working
As shown in figure 2,
Fig.2: Flow chart
The working principle of Fuze: first, obtaining the acceleration signal according to the high g values acceleration
Fig.7: Acceleration range decision subsystem Acceleration range decision subsystem Mainly used to process the data into the logic signals ,such as true or false.
Simulation According to the physical model of figure 1, Using Simulink module in Matlab simulation for the system; Simulation data has been processed.
The simulation data and the simulation results as shown in figure 10; Simulation results show that the output signal B have two Voids, the output signal of counter D have two Voids, consistent with physical model; Fig.10: The simulation data and results Conclusion This design system based on Timer can identify Void and anti-"double Void" interference signals effectively, which can recognition more Voids target and complete precision strikes under the protect shelter.
Penetration Data Processing Based on Pseudo Autocorrelation [J].
Fig.7: Acceleration range decision subsystem Acceleration range decision subsystem Mainly used to process the data into the logic signals ,such as true or false.
Simulation According to the physical model of figure 1, Using Simulink module in Matlab simulation for the system; Simulation data has been processed.
The simulation data and the simulation results as shown in figure 10; Simulation results show that the output signal B have two Voids, the output signal of counter D have two Voids, consistent with physical model; Fig.10: The simulation data and results Conclusion This design system based on Timer can identify Void and anti-"double Void" interference signals effectively, which can recognition more Voids target and complete precision strikes under the protect shelter.
Penetration Data Processing Based on Pseudo Autocorrelation [J].
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Zhi Gang Yin, Xu Dong Huang
The best mix of the RPC component materials is determined on the basis of test data got through testing with the four batches of 19 specimens.
The compressive strength fell down not obviously when the dosage is between 0-0.2, and the maximum reduction of that is just 4.9Mpa.
Although the compressive strength decreases when the dosage is 0.2, the reduction is not obvious.
To improve these shortcomings, the optimal RPC water-cement ratio and dosage of fly ash and tailings powder are analyzed through test data.
The compressive strength fell down not obviously when the dosage is between 0-0.2, and the maximum reduction of that is just 4.9Mpa.
Although the compressive strength decreases when the dosage is 0.2, the reduction is not obvious.
To improve these shortcomings, the optimal RPC water-cement ratio and dosage of fly ash and tailings powder are analyzed through test data.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Hua Nan Sha, Min Liang Zhang, Peng Xia
A—compressor B—condenser C—fractionating tower D—cold-trap evaporator E—Shelf evaporator F—drying chamber G—electronic balance weighing rack H—electromagnet I—sample bottle J—vacuum pump K—digital vacuum gauge L—data monitoring system
V1~V4—throttle valve EX1~EX3—heat exchanger
Figure.1 The diagram of the freeze drying equipment
Among them, the equipments outputting cold capacity are shelf evaporator and cold trap evaporator, which are connected in parallel and adjusted through needle throttle valves V1, V2 [4].
2 Application Research of the Dual-evaporator
In this paper, from three aspects, the experimental research on the dual evaporator system for the freeze-drying equipment is put forward.
When the valve opening gets smaller, because of the reduction of the refrigerant flow into the evaporators, refrigeration capacity is reduced, which causes the increasing of the temperatures.
Table 1 The Influence of the Surface Temperature of the Dual-evaporator on the First Drying Rate Cold trap Temp(℃) Shelf Temp(℃) Average rate(g/h) -80 -60 5.1 -80 -55 5.3 -80 -50 5.4 -70 -50 5.0 -65 -50 4.3 From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that when the cold trap is at low temperature (about -80℃), the surface temperature of the shelf will increase, which can obviously improve the drying rate.
When the surface temperature of cold trap is raised further (not higher than the glass transition temperature), the reduction of the average drying rate will be magnified. 3 Conclusions Therefore, in this paper, experimental study on the dual-evaporator refrigeration system in the process of freeze-drying is carried out from three aspects: (1) First, the two valves’ opening will influence the evaporating temperature of the dual-evaporator system.
When the valve opening gets smaller, because of the reduction of the refrigerant flow into the evaporators, refrigeration capacity is reduced, which causes the increasing of the temperatures.
Table 1 The Influence of the Surface Temperature of the Dual-evaporator on the First Drying Rate Cold trap Temp(℃) Shelf Temp(℃) Average rate(g/h) -80 -60 5.1 -80 -55 5.3 -80 -50 5.4 -70 -50 5.0 -65 -50 4.3 From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that when the cold trap is at low temperature (about -80℃), the surface temperature of the shelf will increase, which can obviously improve the drying rate.
When the surface temperature of cold trap is raised further (not higher than the glass transition temperature), the reduction of the average drying rate will be magnified. 3 Conclusions Therefore, in this paper, experimental study on the dual-evaporator refrigeration system in the process of freeze-drying is carried out from three aspects: (1) First, the two valves’ opening will influence the evaporating temperature of the dual-evaporator system.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Zhi Ping Li, Hao Xu, Hua Jun Hu
Table 1 Core Samples Data[×10-3μm2]
effective pressure
K1-dry
K1-wet
K2-dry
K2-wet
[Mpa]
step up
step down
step up
step down
step up
step down
step up
step down
3
0.8317
0.3356
0.2587
0.1589
0.3236
0.1866
0.1041
0.0538
5
0.5543
0.2343
0.1578
0.0732
0.2123
0.1351
0.0832
0.0324
8
0.3312
0.1367
0.0785
0.0345
0.1612
0.0942
0.0545
0.0179
10
0.2367
0.0854
0.0462
0.0157
0.1394
0.0707
0.0357
0.0113
15
0.1467
0.0631
0.0234
0.0073
0.0965
0.0574
0.0163
0.0069
20
0.0945
0.0512
0.0135
0.0052
0.0594
0.0438
0.0112
0.0049
30
0.0532
0.0212
0.0057
0.0032
0.0312
0.0321
0.0069
0.0045
40
0.0293
0.0195
0.0034
0.0025
0.0235
0.0269
0.0045
0.0035
Results and Discussion
From the Table 1, with the increasing of effective pressure, both the permeability value in condition of saturated with irreducible water and the permeability value in the condition of dry environment declined.
It led to the reduction of the permeability of core samples.
Due to the data normalization, the variation curves of normalized permeability of K1 and K2 core samples with effective pressure are showed in Fig.4.
It led to the reduction of the permeability of core samples.
It led to the reduction of the permeability of core samples.
Due to the data normalization, the variation curves of normalized permeability of K1 and K2 core samples with effective pressure are showed in Fig.4.
It led to the reduction of the permeability of core samples.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Jin Hua Lian, Jun Zhao, Gui Yu Lin, Jie Li
Derivation of differential equation of crowding system
For the sake of detailed dynamic calculation and analysis of crowding system [1], it was assumed as following:
1)The belt between crowding motor and reduction gearbox, transmission shafts of reduction gearbox, gears and boom were rigid components;
2)The final crowding shaft was elastic shaft and the effect of damping was neglected.
(9) where (10) (11) Dynamic loads calculation of the crowding system 2.1Calculation of exciting loads response The eigenvalue question of the Eq.(6)is: (12) where is the natural frequency; is the natural vibration mode; The eigenvalue equation is: (13) For the substitution of the related data, the natural frequency was obtained as follow: 13.1473 rad/s, 187.6364 rad/s , was substituted into eigenvalue Eq.(12)and the natural vibration mode was under normalization process.
The steady-state response of the system acted on the stimulating vibrationforce was obtained: (14) 2.2 Calculation of crowding shaft loads Under the locked rotor condition when the bucket rod was perpendicular to the boom [8,9], the expression of dynamic load was : (15) The equation(13)was substituted into the Eq.(13) and the further result was obtained as: (16) The original data was substituted into the Eq.(15) and the change law with time of dynamic loads of the crowding shaft was calculated as illustrated in Fig.2.
(9) where (10) (11) Dynamic loads calculation of the crowding system 2.1Calculation of exciting loads response The eigenvalue question of the Eq.(6)is: (12) where is the natural frequency; is the natural vibration mode; The eigenvalue equation is: (13) For the substitution of the related data, the natural frequency was obtained as follow: 13.1473 rad/s, 187.6364 rad/s , was substituted into eigenvalue Eq.(12)and the natural vibration mode was under normalization process.
The steady-state response of the system acted on the stimulating vibrationforce was obtained: (14) 2.2 Calculation of crowding shaft loads Under the locked rotor condition when the bucket rod was perpendicular to the boom [8,9], the expression of dynamic load was : (15) The equation(13)was substituted into the Eq.(13) and the further result was obtained as: (16) The original data was substituted into the Eq.(15) and the change law with time of dynamic loads of the crowding shaft was calculated as illustrated in Fig.2.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Feng Jin, Li Zhi Xing
Unlike traditional industrial parks, EIP emphasizes on cleaner production and on emission reduction within industrial clusters.
Data was gathered from multiple sources, mainly GETDD annual reports during the 2007–2010.
To quantize the performance, a gap mapping function is designed to represent the difference between maximum environmental loads and the actual EIP construction and development disturbance, where the maximum environment load of each indicator is either standard requirement or prediction according to its baseline data in EIP planning.
In the GDD plan, 29 goals were set in 2007, covering four domains, namely economy development, reduction and recycle, pollution control, and EIP management.
Goals achievement in pollution control category and EIP management category indicate better performance comparing with economy development, reduction and recycle.
Data was gathered from multiple sources, mainly GETDD annual reports during the 2007–2010.
To quantize the performance, a gap mapping function is designed to represent the difference between maximum environmental loads and the actual EIP construction and development disturbance, where the maximum environment load of each indicator is either standard requirement or prediction according to its baseline data in EIP planning.
In the GDD plan, 29 goals were set in 2007, covering four domains, namely economy development, reduction and recycle, pollution control, and EIP management.
Goals achievement in pollution control category and EIP management category indicate better performance comparing with economy development, reduction and recycle.
Online since: April 2016
Authors: Janusz Tomczak, Tomasz Bulzak, Arkadiusz Tofil
Forgings are characterized by symmetry and various values of reduction ratio coefficient (d=D/d) of rolled steps.
Geometrical parameters of impressions place data segments for forging rolling were determined on the basis of sizing method according to Smirnov [9].
Moreover, for both analyzed variants it was assumed that forgings would be made from titanium alloy Ti6Al4V, for which rigid-plastic material model was taken from data base of the software Simufact Forming [10].
A common feature of forgings rolled by two methods is large heterogeneity of strains, both between particular steps (which is obvious due to various reduction ratio values) as in the area of single steps, rolled with the same reduction ratio.
A reduction gear with variably rotating output shafts enabling torque measurement.
Geometrical parameters of impressions place data segments for forging rolling were determined on the basis of sizing method according to Smirnov [9].
Moreover, for both analyzed variants it was assumed that forgings would be made from titanium alloy Ti6Al4V, for which rigid-plastic material model was taken from data base of the software Simufact Forming [10].
A common feature of forgings rolled by two methods is large heterogeneity of strains, both between particular steps (which is obvious due to various reduction ratio values) as in the area of single steps, rolled with the same reduction ratio.
A reduction gear with variably rotating output shafts enabling torque measurement.