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Online since: October 2004
Authors: H.K. Jung, Chung Gil Kang, P.K. Seo, Byung Min Kim
Fuel efficiency can be improved by an engine with high performance, the reduction of air resistance and the rolling resistance of a tire, the compact of a car body, as well and weight reduction; Thus, a large number of studies on the methods for reducing the weight of automobile parts have been actively conducted [3-9].
The most imperative factor regarding the weight reduction are an strength of parts for variations of shapes and dimensions, because the plastic deformation and fracture of the parts are caused by the reduction of strength resulting from the change of the shapes and dimensions when considering only weight reduction [3-7, 9].
The die casting machine is equipped with a shot control system that provides real-time data [9].
This is because the laminar flow of the reheated material is caused at the injection velocity below 0.5 m/s. (3) On the basis of the experimental results for A356 materials for a variety of the injection conditions, a quantitative data base for the purpose of setting the optimal injection conditions like injection velocity and applied pressure was constructed.
Online since: August 2016
Authors: Sandip Patil, Sachin Patil, Kiran Gujar, R.K.P. Singh, Swapnil Kekade, Pravin Pawar
They concluded that use of LN2 in cryogenic machining resulted in reduction of adhesive wear at the cutting tool.
Taguchi’s L8 orthogonal array consisting of 8 sets of data was selected.
Fig.1 Experimental set up for CO2 and LN2 Machining Cutting forces were measured and recorded by using a three component piezo-electric dynamometer (Kistler Corporation Model 9257A) with a computer based data acquisition system (Dynoware).
THIS REDUCTION IN CUTTING TEMPERATURE AND THERMAL SOFTENING CAN BE CLEARLY SEEN WITH 6 NOS.
THIS REDUCTION IN RADIUS OF CURVATURE OF CHIP PROMOTES INCREASED CHIP BREAKING DURING CRYOGENIC MACHINING.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Kamil Boc, Dagmar Vidriková
(source: authors, according to statistical data [3-4, 6-8, 12-13]) Selected socioeconomic data of national territorial units of Euroregion Beskydy members were investigated utilizing the sources of statistical data [3-4, 6-8, 12-13] listed in Table 1 and cluster agglomerative analysis of the nearest neighbor.
Table 1 Selected socioeconomic data from territorial units involved in Euroregion Beskydy.
Figure 3 Cluster analysis of socioeconomic data of the regions included in Euroregion Beskydy.
Table 2 Correlation dependence between individual socioeconomic statistical data of territorial units associated in Euroregion Beskydy.
(Source: authors, according to statistical data of 2011[3-4,6-8,12-13]).
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Sai Qiao
According to edge data of virtual objects, the method calculates the dynamic change center to provide accurate data basis for virtual 3D image synthesis; extracts image characters of virtual images, establishes mesh model for image features, obtains the spatial location of the characteristic points to complete 3D image synthesis and improve the fidelity.
The images collected in the calculation above contain large amount of noises, thus noise reduction is needed.
(2) The spatial position parameters of dynamically change center of synthetic objects can be calculated by the following formula: (3) According to the method above, the position of dynamically change center of the synthetic object can be calculated to provide accurate data basis for virtual 3D image synthetic. 3.2 Build characteristic mesh model for images The position of dynamically change center of the synthetic object is obtained by the method described above to build a mesh model.
Analyzing the related data, following Table 1 can be obtained: Table 1 Experimental data tables of different algorithms The number of experiments Complexity coefficient of synthetic object Synthetic fidelity of traditional algorithm(%) Synthetic fidelity of the proposed algorithm(%) 1 0.11 97 96 2 0.23 96 95 3 0.29 95 97 4 0.34 93 95 5 0.41 91 95 The proposed algorithm for 3D image synthesis can truly reflect the feature of the research object, which obviously improve the accuracy and achieve satisfactory results. 4 Conclusions This paper proposes a virtual 3D image synthesis method based on characteristics' dynamic optimization algorithm.
According to edge data of virtual objects, the method calculates the dynamic change center to provide accurate data basis for virtual 3D image synthesis; extracts image characters of virtual images, establishes mesh model for image features, obtains the spatial location of the characteristic points to complete 3D image synthesis and improve the fidelity.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Jian Feng Hu, Zhen Dong Mu, Jing Hai Yin
Data mining, such as "in 1979, the founder of American scientists in Fuzzy set L.A.Z adhe busbar is put forward for the first time in the world and discusses the problem of Fuzzy information granulation, information graining got the attention of people more and more" Hbobs in 1985, puts forward the concept of particle size (Grnaularity), and the formula of the predicate defines the indistinguishable relationship "L.A.Z soon during 1996 to 1997 for the first time put forward the concept of granular computing.
techniques and tools of research, he points out, granular computing is a superset of the theory of fuzzy information granule, and the rough set theory and interval is a subset of the set of grain of mathematical calculation, Zadeh work aroused the interest of the academic research on granular computing, Y.Y.Y ao and his collaborators on granular computing conducted a series of research and apply it to areas such as data mining, the main points of the work is in a decision logic language to describe the collection of granule, established between the concept of the IF a relationship THEN contact size set inclusion relationship between, and put forward the use made of the partitions, agree to solve classification problems, "the study provides some new methods for knowledge mining and Angle" So-called information granule (GI) is actually a human in order to solve the problem of limited ability to process and store information on a reflection, also is the human in solving and dealing with a
In practice, fuzzy information granulation can be seen as human expression of reasoning using data table of a method, in particular in an imprecise and part of the true value of one way to make reasonable decisions in the environment "and the fuzzy information of graining more theoretical and practical significance, because it reflects the human graining and the characteristics of processing information," humans have in inaccuracy!!!
A decision attribute the raw data has n decision rule, which constitutes the knowledge base of decision attributes and condition attributes K = (U, R), originally generated n equivalence class, granularity of GD (R) is the largest, contain all the original information of decision rules, can distinguish the worst.
The granulating mechanism of complex data and data modeling [D].
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Wen Hui Huang, Shuo Wang, Yu Zhou
Firstly, the feasibility of this solution would be proved by the data based on the research of China’s urban railway transportation systems.
The advantage of the scheme is that: it has a simple structure, and can recyclable energy, and according to the concept of “energy-saving emission reduction”.
The advantage of the scheme is that: it has a simple structure, small volume, economical and practical, and no pollution, conform to the “energy-saving emission reduction” concept.
But with the rapid development of the city, people begin to promote the concept of “energy-saving emission reduction”, and the technology of energy recovering has gradually become the research keys.
Online since: August 2015
Authors: P. Kuppan, R. Ramanujam, M. Vignesh, K. Venkatesan
In addition to cutting force reduction, it also experiences a heavy feed force vibrations.
From Fig. 2, the percentage of force reduction is high at 50 m/min (49.73%) when compared to 75 m/min (23.69%).
At cutting speed above 75 m/min, the cutting force reduction is found to be small and about of 11%.
Based on the results in Fig 4, the percentage reduction of force values are found high at 1750 W of power.
Though the cutting force reduction values of Fx at 60° are found to be 2.2 %, we still go for the 60° angle.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Ramin Khajavi, Amin Meftahi, Somayeh Alibakhshi, Leila Samih
It was used to estimate bacterial reduction via immersing the treated samples in bacteria solution.
The bacterial reduction was evaluated for treated and untreated gauze according to Eq. 1.
A-B B C= ×100 (1) Where C is the bacterial reduction ratio, A and B are the number of bacterial colonies from untreated and treated gauze, respectively.
Fig. 3 indicated the crystallinity index which obtained from X-ray diffraction data.
Table 3- Bacterial reduction of single and double treated gauze with nanosilver Treated single coated gauze with nanosilver (500ppm) Treated double coated gauze with nanosilver (500ppm) Bacteria E.coli S.aureus E.coli S.aureus Reduction (%) 99.9 99.9 99.9 99.9 A considerable point about antibacterial property of two samples is decreasing the probability of microbe’s diffusion because of forming a nanofiber layer in the double cultured specimen and also nanoscale pores.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Shi Bo Zhang
The reduction factors according to the age of concrete were given, and the corresponding design suggestions were put forward [6].
In which is the concrete effective modulus reduction coefficient
(1) (2) 1) The calculation of creep coefficient Using CEB-FIP creep model (1990), creep coefficient can be obtained by formula (3): (3) is nominal coefficient which can be check by the chart, the value of can be obtained by formula (4), in while the value of unknown coefficients can be check by standard[9]. 2) The calculation of aging coefficient By the method of combining the creep constitutive theory and the flow theory , which considering influence of the age, the nonlinear relation between the under-relaxation factor R and creep coefficient can be deduced, according to fitting the experimental data, new practical formula (4) calculating aging coefficients is obtained: (4) 3) The calculation of contraction deformation Using CEB-FIP creep model (1990), shrinkage strain can be obtained by formula (5): (5) and can be obtained by formula (6) : (6) 3.2 Inertia conversion Two kinds of materials converted to a kind of material, which can use a single
Comparison test 4.1 The computational results According to geometry size and stress conditions of the experiment model, using CEB-FIP creep model (1990), effective modulus reduction coefficient of concrete can be calculated (as show in table 1), we can know that is decreasing from the table 1.
Table 1 Effective modulus reduction coefficient of concrete change with time Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Effective modulus reduction coefficient 1.34 2.05 2.41 2.60 2.71 2.86 2.98 3.05 3.12 3.25 If stiffness correction coefficient of the model is equal to 1, the computational results of the midspan deflection change with time are shown at table 2.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Xiong Chen, Zhi Wang, Wei Zi Qin, Shuai Shuai Bao, Feng Lian Zhang, Dong Sheng Li
The experimental data represented the means calculated from three independent samples.
Interestingly, did which kinds of electron acceptors substitute for oxygen atom at low oxidation-reduction potential and facilitate lignin biodegradation?
P.stutzeri 156 needed to keep the balance of oxidation-reduction potential to guarantee normal growth and metabolism.
Thus, glycerin synthesis may regulate the balance of oxidation-reduction potential.
Moreover, beside by the denitrification, we ensured that P. stutzeri 156 could balance NADH/NAD+ ratio via NADH oxidation pathways such as the biosyntheses of PHB and glycerin under low oxidation-reduction potential.
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