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Controlled Synthesis of Water Soluble Silver Nanoparticles and the Molluscicidal Effect Xiao-Hong Yang1, a, Jiang-Jie Wang 1, a , Jun-Yan Ge1, a, Jin-Sheng Wang2, b, Feng-Qiang Dong 3,c 1 Department of Chemistry, Chizhou University, Chizhou, Anhui, 247000 P.
China 2 Department of chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237 P.R.China 3 Patent Examination Cooperation Center of SIPO, Beijing, 100083 P.R.China a czyangxh@czu.edu.cn ， b jinshengw@126.com，c dongfengqiang@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: Nanoparticle, CTAB, Silver, Molluscicidal effect Abstract.
The crystal phase and structure of the products were determined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) with Shimadzu XD-3A diffractometer with graphite monochromatized Cu-Ka radiation (50 kV, 100 mA).
XRD patterns of the silver nanoparticles The crystal structures of these silver nanoparticles were further studied by XRD.

Mellander, Structure and ionic conductivity of lithium sulphate aluminum oxide ceramics, Solid State Ionic 70-71 (1994) 125-129
Kudo, Nano-structured Li-ionic conductive composite solid electrolyte synthesized by using mesoporous SiO2.
West, Solid State Chemistry and Its Applications, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1984
Liu, Lithium ion conducting electrolyte salts for lithium batteries, Chemistry – A European Journal 17 (2011) 14326-14346.

Anatase is pyramid like crystal which is stable at low temperature and has tetragonal crystal structure whereas rutile is needle-like, predominantly formed at higher temperature.
Grätzel, Applications of functionalized transition metal complexes in photonic and optoelectronic devices, Coordination Chemistry Reviews 177 (1998) 347-414
Hubertá Mutin, Preparation of anatase, brookite and rutile at low temperature by non-hydrolytic sol–gel methods, Journal of Materials Chemistry 6 (1996) 1925-1932
Chakrabarti, Structure and activity of lysozyme on binding to ZnO nanoparticles, Langmuir 26 (2010) 3506–3513

Adsorption of Direct Red 80 Dye from Solution by Sugarcane Bagasse and Modified Sugarcane Bagasse as Adsorbents Phatthraporn En-Oon, Ponsuparat Sansunon and Kowit Piyamongkala* Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518 Pracharat 1, Bangsue, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand *email: kowit.p@sci.kmutnb.ac.th Keywords: Adsorption, Direct Red 80, Modified Sugarcane Bagasse Abstract.
The structure of direct red 80 is shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 Chemical structure of direct red 80 Adsorbent.
Acknowledgements Authors are very much thankful to Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok for providing the necessary facilities to conduct the experimental work.

The chain like structure can also be observed from the HR-TEM images which indicate that PoA presents as agglomerates of chains.
This phenomenon indicates that PMA-doped PoA has more ordered structure which shifts the melting temperature towards higher degree.
Polymer Chemistry, 2013. 4(16): p. 4386-4395
Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2010. 20(36): p. 7630-7633

Esterification of Rice Straw Cellulose Using Microwave Heating for Plastic Film Preparation Phanumas Chaiworn 1, a and Usarat Ratanakamnuan 2,b,* 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand 2 Department of Industrial Chemistry and Textile Technology, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand aphanumas_chaiworn@hotmail.com, busarat@mju.ac.th, *corresponding author Keywords: Rice straw, Esterification, Cellulose, Microwave, Film Abstract.
Because of the inter-chain hydrogen bonds in the crystalline regions cellulose structure are strong, giving the resultant cellulose good strength and insolubility in most solvents.
The substitution of acyl substituents of lauroyl chloride leads to the destruction of highly organized hydrogen-bonding of cellulose structure resulted in an increasing of its solubility in toluene, chloroform, and dichloromethane.

Organization refers to the teaching activities between teachers and students in the teaching structure of interaction to achieve teaching goals.
Teachers will learn programming knowledge through certain situations presented to students, students ' cognitive structure and surrounding environment imbalance, brought to the attention of their learning goals and interests, and inquiry activities students linked to past and future activities in one.
Jónsson, in: Theoretical Methods in Condencsed Phase Chemistry, edited by S.D.
Schwartz, volume 5 of Progress in Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, chapter, 10, Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2009

Detection of Graphene Materials in Fibers Weidong Li1,a, Tongjun Ma2,b, Zhiping Mao3,c 1Shanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research, Shanghai, China 2,3College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China aliwdsh@163.com, bmatjdh@163.com, czhpmao@dhu.edu.cn Keywords: graphene materials, fiber, detection, HRTEM, EDS Abstract.
Introduction Graphene was known for the first time when scientists [1,2] used a method called “micromechanical exfoliation” to separate it from bulk graphite, whose chemical structure exphibits a one-atom-thick planar sheet of sp2-bonded carbon.
Unfortunately, the results show that the particulate matter added to the fibers is not pure graphene materials, but a mixture of graphene material (≤10 layers) and graphite, or even just carbon particles without layered structure.
Coleman: Journal of Materials Chemistry Vol.22 (2012), p. 12907-12914 [17] W.

Synthesis of Nanocrystalline InVO4 by Hydrothermal Process and its Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity Peisong Tanga, Haifeng Chenb, Feng Caoc, Guoxiang Pand and Kunyan Wange Department of Chemistry, Huzhou Teachers College, Huzhou 313000, P.R.
However, InVO4 was usually synthesized by solid-state reaction and sol-gel process, which requires a high temperature calcination process, leading to high cost and difficult controlling for the size, composition and crystal structure.
As one of the wetting chemistry approach, hydrothermal synthesis has been widely used to prepare nanocrystalline materials, and takes great advantages over the aforementioned approaches [17-20], for example, low reaction temperature, low-cost and large scale production.
More importantly, hydrothermal method facilitates the tailoring of morphology, size and the controlling of crystal structure, etc.

The selection of frequency is related to the structure and properties of the degraded organic matters as well as the degradation process, but high-frequency ultrasound is not always beneficial to the degradation in all cases.
The structure of ultrasonic reactor The purpose of designing this reactor is to increase the strength of the reverberation field and enhance the cavitation effect under the condition of constant power output as much as possible, in which the reactor may work intermittently or continuously, and ultrasonic components can be placed in the reactor internally or externally and also can be the combination of the same frequencies or the different frequencies.
Chemistry, l997, (7), 35~381
Chemistry and Its Application .