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In this study,the cellulase-producing ability of Aspergillus niger FC-1 through solid-state fermentation (SSF) and characteristics of the cellulase were investigated. The maximum activities of total cellulase (FPase) and endoglucanase (CMCase) were 8.2 and 31.5 IU per gram of dried substrate respectively after 96-h incubation period. The activities of both FPase and CMCase produced by Aspergillus niger FC-1 exhibited the optimal values at pH 5.5 and 50°C(as shown in Fig.2). Thermostability and pH stability of the enzymes were respectively appreciable at temperature ranging from 45°C to 55°C, pH ranging from 5.0 to 5.5. In addition, with an optimal 1:10 (w/v) substrate to moisture ratio (a cellulase loading of 8.5 FPU per cellulose), the glucose concentration was as high as 36.6 g glucose l^-1 for a 48 h hydrolysis of corncob residues.

70-um thick homoepitaxial layers with very low defect density were grown on 6-inch 4° off-axis wafers using hot-wall chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Process optimization resulted in reduction of the density of triangular defects from 1.01 cm^-2 to 0.14 cm^-2. The treatment of wafer (CMP or selection) was essential. The in-situ etch process was optimized prior to the epitaxial growth. Junction Barrier Schottky diodes fabricated on the epitaxial films presented a typical I–V characteristic and a block voltage of 6500 V.

Paeonol is one of main medicinal ingredients of Cortex Moutan. Paeonol has the functions of sedative, hypnosis, anti-bacterial, antibiosis, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, reducing blood pressure and so on. Paeonol has extensive biological activities and has broad prospects of exploitation and utilization. This paper reviews the latest progress of its pharmacology.