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Online since: June 2010
Authors: Xue Mei Guan, Ming Hui Guo
Mongolica Litv.Veneer
Xuemei Guan1,a, Minghui Guo2,b
1
Information and Computer Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040
2
Key Lab. of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast
Forestry University, Harbin150040, P.R.
Test Material and Measuring Method Test Material.
Test material: Pinus sylvestnis var. mongolica litv..
Table 2 Chromatic characteristic change results of pinus sylvestnis var. mongolica litv. wood before and after dyeing Specimen L* a* b* ∆L* ∆a* ∆b* ∆E* Material Early Wood 83.1 1 3.08 0 21.4 8 Material Late Wood 77.8 0 5.40 0 25.7 0 Dyeing Material Early Wood 28.6 4 32.1 4 12.3 1 Dyeing Material Late Wood 28.6 3 32.2 4 12.4 8 Early Wood Before and After Dyeing -54.47 (-50.61~-60.42) 29.96 (23.70~38.66) -9.172 (-4.23~13.67) 62.84 (58.16~69.28) Late Wood Before and After Dyeing -49.17 (-45.62~-53.33) 26.84 (19.42~35.53) -13.22 (-6.74~18.04) 57.39 (52.78~63.74) Correlation Analysis Among Anatomical Factors of Pinus Sylvestnis Var.
References [1] W.D.Lu: Wood Modification Technology (Northeast Forestry University Press, Harbin 2003) [2] X.F.Duan: Wood Color Controlling Technique (China Building Material Industry Publishing House,Beijing 2007) [3] F.C.Bao and X.F.Duan: Scientia Silvae Sinicae Vol, 36 (2000), p.3 [4] F.C.Bao, Y.K.Zhao and J.X.Lu: Journal of Beijing Forestry University Vol,25( 2003), p.1-5 [5] W.X.Peng and K.F.Li: China Wood Industry Vol,1(2007)
Test Material and Measuring Method Test Material.
Test material: Pinus sylvestnis var. mongolica litv..
Table 2 Chromatic characteristic change results of pinus sylvestnis var. mongolica litv. wood before and after dyeing Specimen L* a* b* ∆L* ∆a* ∆b* ∆E* Material Early Wood 83.1 1 3.08 0 21.4 8 Material Late Wood 77.8 0 5.40 0 25.7 0 Dyeing Material Early Wood 28.6 4 32.1 4 12.3 1 Dyeing Material Late Wood 28.6 3 32.2 4 12.4 8 Early Wood Before and After Dyeing -54.47 (-50.61~-60.42) 29.96 (23.70~38.66) -9.172 (-4.23~13.67) 62.84 (58.16~69.28) Late Wood Before and After Dyeing -49.17 (-45.62~-53.33) 26.84 (19.42~35.53) -13.22 (-6.74~18.04) 57.39 (52.78~63.74) Correlation Analysis Among Anatomical Factors of Pinus Sylvestnis Var.
References [1] W.D.Lu: Wood Modification Technology (Northeast Forestry University Press, Harbin 2003) [2] X.F.Duan: Wood Color Controlling Technique (China Building Material Industry Publishing House,Beijing 2007) [3] F.C.Bao and X.F.Duan: Scientia Silvae Sinicae Vol, 36 (2000), p.3 [4] F.C.Bao, Y.K.Zhao and J.X.Lu: Journal of Beijing Forestry University Vol,25( 2003), p.1-5 [5] W.X.Peng and K.F.Li: China Wood Industry Vol,1(2007)
Online since: September 2018
Authors: Sergey A. Chernov, Lyudmila V. Eremeeva, K.D. Golyubin
For the asphalt mix designing the following road-building materials were used: broken stone of 10-15 mm fraction;
broken stone of 5-10 mm fraction; broken stone siftings; activated mineral powder MP-1; BND 60/90 viscous paving bitumen.
Particle-size distribution of the hot fine-aggregate asphalt mix for the Type A Grade I dense asphalt concrete with BND 60/90 viscous paving bitumen Applied materials Item No.
Darmodekhin, Modified crushed stone mastic asphalt-concrete mixture with a dispersed reinforcing additive fort, Science.
Matua, Experimental studies of resistance to the accumulation of residual deformations of mineral materials reinforced with inorganic and complex agent, Construction-2015: Construction.
Materials of the International Scientific Conference, 2015, pp. 39-40
Particle-size distribution of the hot fine-aggregate asphalt mix for the Type A Grade I dense asphalt concrete with BND 60/90 viscous paving bitumen Applied materials Item No.
Darmodekhin, Modified crushed stone mastic asphalt-concrete mixture with a dispersed reinforcing additive fort, Science.
Matua, Experimental studies of resistance to the accumulation of residual deformations of mineral materials reinforced with inorganic and complex agent, Construction-2015: Construction.
Materials of the International Scientific Conference, 2015, pp. 39-40
Effects of Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast-Furnaces Slag on Properties of High-Strength Concrete
Online since: January 2009
Authors: Kai Min Niu, Zhi Feng Yang, Li Qun Sun, Guo Ju Ke, Ming Kai Zhou, Ji Liang Wang
Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education,
Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
amail: jiliangwang@163.com,
bmail: km.niu@rioh.cn,
c
mail: zf.yang@rioh.cn,
dmail: zhoumingkai@163.com,
email: sunny0309c@163.com,
f
mail: keguoju@163.com
Key words: HSC; fly ash; GGBFS; brittleness; durability
Abstract: Effects of fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) on workability,
strength, volume stability and durability of HSC are investigated.
Experimental procedure 2.1 Raw Materials P·O52.5 cements, made by the Gezhouba cement plant in Hubei, were used in the experiments.
Both fly ash and GGBFS are the glassy materials, which can destroy flocculated structure of the cement particle, reduce viscosity of the fresh concrete and frictional force between particles of the concrete.
Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 1981, 9(1): 57~63. [2] Aq Wang, Cz Zhang, W Sun.
Rapid Test Method for Determining Chloride Diffusivities in Cementicious Materials [J].
Experimental procedure 2.1 Raw Materials P·O52.5 cements, made by the Gezhouba cement plant in Hubei, were used in the experiments.
Both fly ash and GGBFS are the glassy materials, which can destroy flocculated structure of the cement particle, reduce viscosity of the fresh concrete and frictional force between particles of the concrete.
Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 1981, 9(1): 57~63. [2] Aq Wang, Cz Zhang, W Sun.
Rapid Test Method for Determining Chloride Diffusivities in Cementicious Materials [J].
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Fu Liang Gao, Yan Wei Fang
According to the case that mass concrete in solid sections of lower pylon column of Jiashao Bridge was easy to crack in construction because of the bigger section size, larger content of cementitious material and lower water binder ratio, the temperature and thermal stresses distribution of mass concrete was simulated and temperature control scheme was adjusted constantly based on the results of field temperature monitoring.
Because of the bigger section size, larger content of cementitious material and lower water binder ratio, improper handling in construction may easily result in large temperature stress and shrinkage stress.
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2002, 19(4):76-77
Because of the bigger section size, larger content of cementitious material and lower water binder ratio, improper handling in construction may easily result in large temperature stress and shrinkage stress.
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2002, 19(4):76-77
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Li Min Ma, Hou Ran Song, De Lei Meng, Ben Tao Gong
Materials and Methods
Experimental equipment.
Acknowledgments This research was supported by the Foundation of Water Program of Ministry of Science ,china ( 09ZX07104-002-05) and China-Russia Cooperative Program of China MOST 2007DFR90050),The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse(PCRRY 08007),National Science & Technology Pillar Program in the Eleventh Five-year Plan Period of China (2006BAJ04A07).
Zhang: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology.
(Science Press, Beijing,1985)
Acknowledgments This research was supported by the Foundation of Water Program of Ministry of Science ,china ( 09ZX07104-002-05) and China-Russia Cooperative Program of China MOST 2007DFR90050),The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse(PCRRY 08007),National Science & Technology Pillar Program in the Eleventh Five-year Plan Period of China (2006BAJ04A07).
Zhang: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology.
(Science Press, Beijing,1985)
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Quan Zhou, Hui Ping Si, Chi Bin Zhang, Jun Hui Wu, Kai Yan Lin, Jie Chen
The Realization of Communication Interface Module for Dynamic
Belt Weighting Device in Transporting Unit of Biomass Pyrolytic System
JunHui Wu 1, a , Quan Zhou 1,b , JieChen 1,c*
HuiPing Si 1,d, KaiYan Lin 1,e and ChiBin Zhang 2,f
1 Institute of Modern Agricultural Science & Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Hwy, Jiading, Shanghai, P.R.
The raw materials can be controlled and precise determination by the feed belt scale system adding dynamic organization.
Engineering Science, (2005), 7(9): pp.84-87
International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems. 2010,8(2):473-481 [6] Lei Wei, Zhang Xiaobing, etc.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 2007, 4507:391-398.
The raw materials can be controlled and precise determination by the feed belt scale system adding dynamic organization.
Engineering Science, (2005), 7(9): pp.84-87
International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems. 2010,8(2):473-481 [6] Lei Wei, Zhang Xiaobing, etc.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 2007, 4507:391-398.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Chun Ying Huang, Xiao Ming Wang
Group Decision-making Oriented Civil Engineering Undergraduate Education Reform in China
Chunying Huang1,2,a, Xiaoming Wang1
1 School of Civil Engineering & Mechanics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
2 College of Civil Engineering & Architecture, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
ajanediyh@yahoo.com.cn
Keywords: Civil engineering, Education reform, Sustainable development, Symbiosis, Group decision-making
Abstract.
But energy-saving and environment protecting of the project is the result of group decision-making: the government provides preferential policies, the contractors use energy-saving materials, and the owners are willing to spend more money on low-carbon housing, and to reduce the use of air-conditioners.
References [1] Sustainable Development Strategy Research Group in Chinese Academy of Sciences: China Sustainable Development Strategy Report 2008: Policy Review and Outlook (Science Press, China 2008), p.xiii.
Kurokawa: Architectural Journal, (2001) No.4, translated by D.Y.
But energy-saving and environment protecting of the project is the result of group decision-making: the government provides preferential policies, the contractors use energy-saving materials, and the owners are willing to spend more money on low-carbon housing, and to reduce the use of air-conditioners.
References [1] Sustainable Development Strategy Research Group in Chinese Academy of Sciences: China Sustainable Development Strategy Report 2008: Policy Review and Outlook (Science Press, China 2008), p.xiii.
Kurokawa: Architectural Journal, (2001) No.4, translated by D.Y.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Hong Yu Lu, Chun Juan Dong
Materials and methods
Seed Sludge
The inoculum used in this experiment was municipal digestion sludge and little granules.
Acknowledgements This research was supported by grants from the Shan-Xi province government (Natural Science Foundation Project of Shan Xi Province project, NO. 2011011008-3) and grants from the Taiyuan city government (The star of science and technology special Project, NO. 11014929).
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2009,155:1–18 [6] Anne-Marie Enright, Gavin Collins, Vincent O’Flaherty.
Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2004
Acknowledgements This research was supported by grants from the Shan-Xi province government (Natural Science Foundation Project of Shan Xi Province project, NO. 2011011008-3) and grants from the Taiyuan city government (The star of science and technology special Project, NO. 11014929).
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2009,155:1–18 [6] Anne-Marie Enright, Gavin Collins, Vincent O’Flaherty.
Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2004
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Qiu Shuo Li, Shun Tao, Xiang Ning Xiao, Bing Qiang Zhao, Xi Yu Zhang
In March 2012, ministry of science and technology issued “the electric vehicle technology development special ‘twelfth five-year’ plan "[2]: during 2010-2015, electric vehicles(EVs) will mainly operate in buses, taxis for demonstration; During 2016-2020, large-scaled operation of electric buses and electric taxis will be realized.
The calculation formula of SOE is as follows: (1) (2) (3) Where, E is the nominal total energy of EVs; Ec is the energy consumption after driving Tm duration, kW·h; U is the nominal battery voltage, V; C is the nominal capacity of battery, A·h; E0 is the battery energy storage at the start of the charging period; Pv is the power consumption under a uniform velocity driving condition[22]; m is the total mass (including curb weight and busload weight) of EV, kg; va is the constant vehicle speed, km/h; f is the rolling resistance coefficient, which is relevant with the road surface, tire materials and structures[23]; CD is the air resistance coefficient, which is relevant with the surface structure and shape of the bus; A is the windward area; hT is the mechanical efficiency of drive motor.
The ministry of science and technology of the People's Republic of China.
Analysis of Energy Consumption Distribution and Factors of Influence in Electric Vehicles[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2004,(04) (in Chinese) [24].
Wen Huimin,Hu Zhongwei,Guo Jifu,Shao Changfeng.Evaluation of traffic index and its need management[C]. 2011 2nd International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Advances in Artificial Intelligence, Vol.1-6(in Chinese) [25].
The calculation formula of SOE is as follows: (1) (2) (3) Where, E is the nominal total energy of EVs; Ec is the energy consumption after driving Tm duration, kW·h; U is the nominal battery voltage, V; C is the nominal capacity of battery, A·h; E0 is the battery energy storage at the start of the charging period; Pv is the power consumption under a uniform velocity driving condition[22]; m is the total mass (including curb weight and busload weight) of EV, kg; va is the constant vehicle speed, km/h; f is the rolling resistance coefficient, which is relevant with the road surface, tire materials and structures[23]; CD is the air resistance coefficient, which is relevant with the surface structure and shape of the bus; A is the windward area; hT is the mechanical efficiency of drive motor.
The ministry of science and technology of the People's Republic of China.
Analysis of Energy Consumption Distribution and Factors of Influence in Electric Vehicles[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2004,(04) (in Chinese) [24].
Wen Huimin,Hu Zhongwei,Guo Jifu,Shao Changfeng.Evaluation of traffic index and its need management[C]. 2011 2nd International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Advances in Artificial Intelligence, Vol.1-6(in Chinese) [25].
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Ling Xin
Evaluation of Development Level of Agricultural Circular Economy in China
Ling Xin
Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
xinling@caas.cn
Keywords: Agricultural circular economy, comprehensive evaluation, China, Eastern, middle and western regions
Abstract.
Introduction Agricultural circular economy follows the law of ecological economic system and social economic system with aim of sustainable development and principle of minimization, recycle and resource, which minimize input amounts of resources and materials, and reduce ecological destruction and environmental pollution in the process of agricultural production to harvest more and more, and better and better agricultural products and realize ideal combination of agricultural ecological system and human socioeconomic system.
Furthermore, agricultural science and technology was rapidly developed.
The investment in agriculture machinery, water conservancy and other infrastructure construction and science and technology by the eastern developed region was more than that of the central and western regions.
[2] Robert A Frosch.A perspective on industrial ecology and its ap-plication to metals-industry eco-system[J].Journal of CleanerProduction,1997,(5):39—45
Introduction Agricultural circular economy follows the law of ecological economic system and social economic system with aim of sustainable development and principle of minimization, recycle and resource, which minimize input amounts of resources and materials, and reduce ecological destruction and environmental pollution in the process of agricultural production to harvest more and more, and better and better agricultural products and realize ideal combination of agricultural ecological system and human socioeconomic system.
Furthermore, agricultural science and technology was rapidly developed.
The investment in agriculture machinery, water conservancy and other infrastructure construction and science and technology by the eastern developed region was more than that of the central and western regions.
[2] Robert A Frosch.A perspective on industrial ecology and its ap-plication to metals-industry eco-system[J].Journal of CleanerProduction,1997,(5):39—45