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The values used in this work, 1.37 Å and 1.448 Å were taken from the quantum chemistry calculations [23].
Fig. 9 The radial distribution function of the centre of mass of K +@C60 molecule in the cluster For the low energy Et = -0.47 eV/molecule (solid phase) it shows two peaks associated with the pentagonal bipyramid structure of the cluster.
At the high energy Et = -0.17 eV/molecule the sharp peaks of g(r) shift and broaden out confirming the destruction of pentagonal bipyramid structure and liquification of the cluster.
Khanna, The Physics and Chemistry of Small Clusters, Plenum, New York, 1987 [11] R.

Effect of Solvents on Controlling the Photophysical Properties of Poly[2-Methoxy-5-(2’-Ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-Phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) Nanoparticle Ruttayapon Potai1,a and Rakchart Traiphol2,b 1Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, Thailand 2Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand aruttayaponpotai@npu.ac.th, brakchart.tra@mahidol.ac.th Keywords: conjugated polymer nanoparticle, solvent effect, photophysics Abstract.
Introduction Poly[2-methoxy-5-(2’-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) (see structure in Fig. 2b) is one type of conjugated polymer that has attracted much attention because of its excellent electro-optical properties.
This is due to the difference of polymer chain packing, including collapsed chain, some of agglomerate and aggregate site. [8] Fig. 2 (a) Absorption spectra and (b) PL spectra of MEH-PPV nanoparticles prepared from different types of initial solvents (Inserted is MEH-PPV structure).
RP also thanks to Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University for supporting some facilities.

Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of poly(p-phenylenevinylene) derivatives modified by thiophene derivatives MeiHua Huang1,a ZongFang Tian1, Hui Huang1 1 College of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, P R China a xtuhmh@163.com Keywords: polymer solar cells; poly(p-phenylenevinylene) derivatives; thiophene derivatives; 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene; 1,3,4-oxadiazole Abstract.
In order to broaden the absorption spectrum and improve the mobility of charge carriers, fruitful endeavors have been done in modifying the chemical structures of PPV derivatives [6].
The employed device structure is ITO/PEDOT: PSS/polymer: PCBM(1:4 w/w) /Ca (10 nm)/Al (150 nm).

The Characteristic Research of Two Kinds of Block Polymer Qingbo Yu1,a, Xianhua Li2,b, Yulun Tao3 and Guojun Cheng1 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, China 2School of Mechanical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, China 3School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China ayuqingbo007@163.com, bxhli01@163.com Keywords: character of polymerization, block copolymers, top monomer conversion Abstract.
Introduction Controlled/living free radical polymerizations, as one of the hotspots in the field of polyme synthesis, have many advantages, such as preparing polymer with scheduled structure by the choosing of polymerization system or the controlling of polymerization conditions, possessing broad choices of monomer and mild reaction condition, involving suspension or emulsion polymerization in the water.
Since American chemist Szwarc[1] first put forward the concept of active polymerization, polymer chemistry has entered the era of molecular design.
The product structures were characterized by 1H NMR spectra as shown in Fig. 1.

New properties of the particles directly related not only to the size but also their structure, properties of the medium in which they are prepared methods of preparation.
Adult male BALB/c mice (2 months of age, 22–25 g in body weight) were purchased from the Laboratory Animal Breeding Facility (Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia) and used in all experiments.
All manipulations with the animals were conducted in accordance with experimental protocols approved by the Local Animal Care and Use Committee (Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia).
Chemeris, Changes in the chromatin structure of lymphoid cells under the influence of low-intensity extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation against the background of inflammatory process, Biophysics, 4 (2011) 672-678

Influence of the Calcination Temperature on the Catalytic Properties of Os/Bentonite for Glycerol Hydrogenolysis Noraini HAMZAH1,a*, Wan Zurina ABD SAMAD2,b and Mohd Ambar YARMO3,c 1Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Technology MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia 2Department of Chemistry,Kulliyah of Science,International Islamic University Malaysia, IIUM,Kampus Kuantan, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 KuantanPahangDarul Makmur, Malaysia 3Faculty of Science and Food Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia ,43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia apnoraini@salam.uitm.edu.my,bwzurina@iium.edu.my, cambar.y@gmail.com Keywords : Calcination temperature, Hydrogenolysis glycerol, Os/bentonite catalyst Abstract.
It has a layered structure, large surface areas and cation exchange capacity.
Fig.4 TPR profile of Os/bentonite catalyst at different calcination temperature The sheet-like structure of montmorillonite can be seen in FESEM image as shown in Fig. 5.
Vidyarthi, Effect of catalyst constituents on (Ni, Mo, and Cu)/Kieselguhr-catalyzed sucrose hydrogenolysis, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 44(5) (2005) 1466-1473

Synthesis, Characterization of novel π-conjugated polymers acceptor 5,6-bis(heptyloxy)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole SUN Xiaoxia1,a*, ZHUANG Xiaoxiao1,b, HU Yu2,c* 1Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, People’s Republic of China 2Experimental Chemistry Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China asunxiaoxia77@126.com; bzhuangxiaoxiao1987@163.com; chuyu@ncu.edu.cn Keywords: Low-Bandgap; Donor-acceptor; 5,6-bis(heptyloxy)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole Abstract: Monomers based on 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole bearing solubilizing side chains have been synthesized in high yields over four steps from readily available starting materials.
Figure 1 Structures of BT, BBT, TQ, DOBT While using the donor-acceptor approach in the context of soluble electrochromic (EC) polymer design, we have recently demonstrated that color states commonly difficult to achieve in π-conjugated polymers, such as greens of tunable hues, could be achieved relying on a two-band absorption in the visible attainable on the basis of a linear combination of well-chosen electron-rich (donor) and electron-deficient (acceptor) building units. 2,1,3- Benzothiadiazole (BT) and benzo[1,2-c;4,5-c′]bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole (BBT) are electron-accepting heterocycle that have been utilized to construct some n-type semiconducting polymers showing high electron mobility.
The structures of the monomer 4 were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy.

Due to slow reaction rate, fine structure is formed according relation [5]; KOH « K+ + OH- (1) ZnO + 2OH- « ZnO22- + H2O (2) ZnO22- + H2O « [Zn(OH)4]2- (3) [Zn(OH)4]2- « Zn(OH)2 + 2OH- (4) Zn(OH)2 « Zn2+ + 2OH- (5) Fig. 1.
Cahen, Surface Photovoltage Spectroscopy of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with TiO2, Nb2O5, and SrTiO3 Nanocrystalline Photoanodes:  Indication for Electron Injection from Higher Excited Dye States, The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 105 (2001) 6347-6352
Huang, Integrating Surface Textures on ZnO Substrate for High Light Extraction Efficiency Light-Emitting Diode, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 118 (2014) 14894-14898
Chen, Investigation of iodine dopant amount effects on dye-sensitized hierarchically structured ZnO solar cells, Materials Research Bulletin, 55 (2014) 182-189.

The study of changing the intermixture structure was also conducted.
Ershov, Radiation chemistry of polymers, High Energy Chem. 43 (1) (2009) 1-8
Dahlan, Radiation grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride)-graftpolystyrene sulfonic acid membranes for fuel cells: structure-property relationships, Chin.
Ziaie, Radiation grafting of styrene onto polypropylene fibres by a 10 MeV electron beam, Radiation physics chemistry 76 (5) (2007) 787-793

The Problems in Delignification of Dry Wood by Kraft Process Anton Geffert1,a*, Jarmila Geffertova1,b and Blazej Seman1,c 1Technical University in Zvolen, Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, T.G.
Penetration and diffusion of cooking liquor into structure of the fibre wall where delignification reactions take place, are affected by fibre morphology.
Požgaj et al., Štruktúra a vlastnosti dreva (Wood structure and properties), second ed., Svornosť, Bratislava, 1997
Sjöström, Wood chemistry : fundamentals and applications, second ed., Academic Press, San Diego, 1993