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Online since: August 2013
Authors: Pan Miao
The power industry plays an important role in either energy consumption or gaseous pollutants emission, which is an important field of energy reduction and building a low-carbon economy in China.
The government should consider study and establish a long-term mechanism of energy conservation, strengthen the legal system, guarantee the completion of targets of energy-saving emission reduction by legal and market mechanisms.
At present, monitoring technology of energy saving of electric power industry is not standardized, and monitoring capacity is short, data of energy saving and emission reduction relies mainly on self-declaration of enterprises, which influences timeliness and accuracy of statistical information to a certain extent, thereby affects correct decision-making and scientific management on energy saving.
Parts of power generation companies lack awareness of energy saving and emission reduction, energy saving and emission reduction is carried out mainly forced by the government executive order for now, rather than voluntarily.
It also makes clear in "The‘12th Five-Year’ comprehensive implementation of energy reduction in Shandong Province " on specific emission reduction targets of transformation of denitrification facilities, shutting down small thermal power.
Online since: December 2016
Authors: Agnes Iringová
It causes reduction in daylight intensity and direct sunlight in affected living spaces.
At this amount of shading, heat gain reduction from passive solar gains compared to current situation is about to 10%.
Reduction is about 20 - 35% depending on window orientation.
The data cannot be generalized because the results are dependent on particular geometry and dimensions of affected rooms and window optical quality.
The shading reduction would positively affect direct illumination in terms of the active or passive use of collector areas.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Rui Sheng Hu, Ran Ran Ding, Ling Jie Wang, Jia Nan Hu, Ying Liu
According to the diffraction peaks and literature data [10], it is believed that the single-phase of La2MnNiO6 has been formed in the pure sample.
The peaks at 578 oC can attributed to the further reduction of nickel from a Ni2+ to a Ni0 oxidation state with the destruction of the perovskite structure.
The complete reduction of LaMnO3 reported by Fierro [14] occurs between 900 and 1052 oC with the formation of the following reduction products, La2O3, La (OH)3, MnO and H2O.
Three reduction peaks were decreased to 296 oC, 348 oC and 690 oC for La2MnNiO6/ZrO2, respectively.
The decrease of reduction temperatures indicated that the interaction between La2MnNiO6 and supports made B-O bond more activity and easily reduce [17].The formation of solid solution could promote the reduction of the active phase [18].
Online since: October 2004
Authors: Marcel A.J. Somers, Ali Gholinia, A.A. Rasmussen, Patrick W. Trimby
Data evaluation was carried out with the Channel5 software package from HKL Technology A/S.
After noise reduction the area fractions of unindexed (white) regions (Figs. 1c and 1d) were very low, i.e. from 1 to few percent.
White regions (a-d) were not indexed after noise reduction.
Full noise reduction is shown in e and f.
This result is consistent with a reduction of the stacking fault energy by dissolution of Co in Ni [8].
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Jie Song, Kun Huang, Li Huang, Lu Chen
United States is one of best countries in demand response application, whose peak reduction from 22,901 MW in 2000 to 32,845 MW in 2010, increased by 42%[5].
Reference [6] predicted that if the United States implemented the demand response programs widely, the reduction in peak demand was equal to the nation's electricity demand growth in the next 10 years.
Assumes that the assessment reliability of demand response has done, and we can understand the reliability level of specific users, and determine the level of load reduction if some kind of demand response programs happens.
Demand Response is better way in load shifting, such as the U.S. peak reduction in 2010 reached 32,845 MW[5], so demand response can be replaced the orderly power consumption partly.
Through the study on the response potential and response time in different load, the evaluation system on reliability of demand response can be established to determine the accurate data standing for the reliability level of load response.
Online since: May 2019
Authors: Maadoum M. Mustafa, Osama Ahmed Mohamed
ASR can result in significat reduction in concrete compressive strength in the long term [9].
Analysis of the incremental pore size distribution data shows that AAS concrete has a much higher proportion of pore sizes within the mesopore range than OPC cement.
Decreased mesopores which contributed to reduction to reduction in autogenous and drying shrinkage.
Carbonation Alkali Activated Slag Carbonation of the pore solution in concrete and mortar results in reduction of alkalinity, which increases susceptibility of reinforcing steel bars to corrosion.
Carbonation Depth Variation with Silica Modulus for 6% and 8% Na2O The authors argue that carbonation of C-(A)-S-H phase leads to reduction in the molar volume of solids, which explains the increase of the total porosity and average pore size, subsequently reduction in compressive strength.
Online since: October 2015
Authors: Tatiana Bugrova, Grigory Mamontov, Anna Savel'eva, Andrey Petrov, Valeriy Dutov
The TGA data are in good agreement with XRD results.
Further increase of calcination temperature to up to 700 and 800 °C leads to reduction of specific surface area to 165 and 151 m2/g respectively.
This fact indicates reduction of amount of small mesopores (2–5 nm) and increase of quantity of wide mesopores (more than 10 nm).
Temperature increase leads to reduction of contribution of mesopores of with sizes of 2–5 nm, which is conformed by reduction in the width of the hysteresis loop in the relative pressure range of 0.45–1.0 p/po on the nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms.
Increasing of total pore volume and broadening of pore size with insignificant reduction of specific surface area take place at these temperatures.
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Jean Savoie, Saeed Mojarad Farimani, Henri Champliaud, Priti Wanjara, Javad Gholipour
Experimental loading paths were obtained via the data acquisition system of the hydroforming press, which is fully instrumented.
Compared to the traditional manufacturing methods such as stamping and welding, THF offers many advantages; namely (a) weight reduction of the final part through tailoring of the section design and tube geometry, (b) decreasing the production costs by eliminating the secondary operations, such as welding/trimming, and reduction in material waste, (c) reducing the labor costs through part consolidation, tighter tolerances and reduced spring back that increases production repeatability and (d) increasing structural strength through optimized section design [2, 3, 4].
Fig. 6: a) the length of the tube expansion b) thickness measurement region The results of the FE simulations follow the same trend and show good agreement with the experimental data.
The FE results are in good agreement with the experimental data, indicating that the model can be used for predicting the final shape and thickness variation of complex geometries. 2.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Nor Zawani Ahmmad Siti, Su Lee Ming Eileen, Che Fai Yeong
Simultaneously, the green target will appear and data collection began.
Data recorded will represent the performance of motor skill before training.
Data Analysis.
This involved removing the repeated data and interpolating the data by 1000 equidistant along the target line.
Further analysis with bigger subject population is required to verify the experimental data.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Roland Golle, Hartmut Hoffmann, Wolfram Volk, Thorsten Gläsner, Christina Sunderkötter, Tobias Schaffner
Collaring tests show a reduction of residual formability through wear of up to 65% for high-strength heavy plates (plate thickness > 3 mm). 1 Introduction Production processes involving cutting, such as shear cutting, account for a large proportion of all process steps in the sheet metal industry.
The cutting force increases degressively to begin with a simultaneous reduction of the cross-section of the material.
This demonstrated a reduction of the expansion ratio during collaring as a result of tool wear of up to 65%.
Table 1: Mechanical properties of the test material HDT780C [10] HDT780C (SZBS800) Parameters Formula Unit Test material Data sheet Rolling direction 0° 45° 90° Minimum tensile strength Rm MPa 804 796 818 800 - 980 Minimum yield strength Rp0,2 MPa 676 681 731 - Yield strength ratio Rp0.2/Rm % 84.08 85.58 89.3 - Elongation A80 % 15.5 14.2 13.1 ≥ 12 Table 2: Chemical composition of HDT780C [10] C S Mn P S Al B Percentages by weight ≤ 0.11 ≤ 0.5 ≤ 2 ≤ 0.02 ≤ 0.01 ≥ 0.015 ≤ 0.004 4 Results The results concerning the limit expansion ratio λ [1] obtained from the collaring tests carried out as part of the various wear tests are displayed and compared in the following diagram on the basis of 3.5 mm HDT780C.
This initially leads to a reduction of the process forces compared to the original condition.
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