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Online since: December 2012
Authors: Jia Hao Qiu, Xian Xun Ge, Bing Huang, Jia Bing Feng, Pin Gan Song, Shen Yuan Fu
Compared with PP/starch blend, the presence of diethanol amine changes the morphology and increases the plasticity of starch due to the reduction effect of intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions.
Tensile properties of samples were measured with a CMT-6000 Electric Universal Tester (Shenzhen SANS, China) at 25±2 oC according to ASTM 638 standard, and the data reported here were the means of quintuplicate experiments.
Flexural measurements were also carried out on a CMT-6000 Electric Universal Tester with a span of 40 mm (transversal area of 13×3 mm) according to ASTM D 790 standard, and the data reported here were the means of quintuplicate experiments.
Srabayeeta Basu Roy also observed that incorporating 20 wt% potato starch leads to a reduction of tensile strength of PP by about 30 %, but he did not give the change of elongation at break [9].
Tensile properties of samples were measured with a CMT-6000 Electric Universal Tester (Shenzhen SANS, China) at 25±2 oC according to ASTM 638 standard, and the data reported here were the means of quintuplicate experiments.
Flexural measurements were also carried out on a CMT-6000 Electric Universal Tester with a span of 40 mm (transversal area of 13×3 mm) according to ASTM D 790 standard, and the data reported here were the means of quintuplicate experiments.
Srabayeeta Basu Roy also observed that incorporating 20 wt% potato starch leads to a reduction of tensile strength of PP by about 30 %, but he did not give the change of elongation at break [9].
Online since: January 2019
Authors: Nakuntwalai Wisidsri, Pattaranut Eakwaropas
The testing extracts were evaluated the effect on fibroblast cell viability using resazurin reduction assay.
Meanwhile, C and E extract induced cytotoxicity on NIH 3T3 cells by reduction of cell viability.
The cell viability was determined by resazurin (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) reduction assay, whereby the cells were incubated for 4 h at 37°C in 100 µl fresh DMEM containing 50 µg/ml resazurin.
The statistical data were expressed as mean ± SEM.
Effect of J. sambac flower extracted on cell viability The cell viability of the NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells was assessed by resazurin reduction assay.
Meanwhile, C and E extract induced cytotoxicity on NIH 3T3 cells by reduction of cell viability.
The cell viability was determined by resazurin (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) reduction assay, whereby the cells were incubated for 4 h at 37°C in 100 µl fresh DMEM containing 50 µg/ml resazurin.
The statistical data were expressed as mean ± SEM.
Effect of J. sambac flower extracted on cell viability The cell viability of the NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells was assessed by resazurin reduction assay.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Xiao Ping Xiao, Zi Sheng Li, Wei Gong
Introduction
There are lots of stochastic and uncertain phenomena in engineering fields, e.g. data sampled from mountains, seas and rocks etc. geographical data with measurement errors, data reduction, and modeling errors have property of uncertainty.
The stochastic data, uncertain data and fuzzy data are called uncertain data totally for convenience in this paper.
Processing uncertain data is a major problem in data analysis, modeling and simulation.
In this paper, if there is data, whose left fuzzy number isand right fuzzy number is, for any data, is a reasonable data, then plots it, otherwise delete.
An experimental data [8], of which data are uncertain is applied to simulate rocks.
The stochastic data, uncertain data and fuzzy data are called uncertain data totally for convenience in this paper.
Processing uncertain data is a major problem in data analysis, modeling and simulation.
In this paper, if there is data, whose left fuzzy number isand right fuzzy number is, for any data, is a reasonable data, then plots it, otherwise delete.
An experimental data [8], of which data are uncertain is applied to simulate rocks.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Jie Yang, Lei Zhao
A laser scanning system is used to collect the 3D discrete point data of the facial model, which will be cut up by their characteristics and curvature in order to make a 3D face reconstruction.
Data Acquisition System Composition and Working Principle.
The 3D surface reconstruction system mainly consists of two parts: A, data acquisition section.
B, the data processing section.
Because the existing laser scanning range is limited, a facial surface model by 1:3 scaled down becomes the object of data acquisition in this paper.
Data Acquisition System Composition and Working Principle.
The 3D surface reconstruction system mainly consists of two parts: A, data acquisition section.
B, the data processing section.
Because the existing laser scanning range is limited, a facial surface model by 1:3 scaled down becomes the object of data acquisition in this paper.
Online since: July 2003
Authors: Nick Warrior, M. Ribeaux
SEA was seen to be strongly influenced by loading rate and
significant reductions in SEA were seen as rate increased.
Load data was recorded via a piezoelectric load cell at a rate of 40kHz.
At impact rate a smaller reduction was seen.
For the single 32mm insert (T12) this caused a small, localised reduction in steady state load, leading to an SEA reduction of 2%.
This rippling caused a slight reduction in steady state load (less than 8%).
Load data was recorded via a piezoelectric load cell at a rate of 40kHz.
At impact rate a smaller reduction was seen.
For the single 32mm insert (T12) this caused a small, localised reduction in steady state load, leading to an SEA reduction of 2%.
This rippling caused a slight reduction in steady state load (less than 8%).
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Jun Xu, Wen Xin Shi, Yong Sun, Ling Zhi Jia, Shui Li Yu
The results showed that a temperature of 37 °C, volume reduction factor (VRF) of 4, TMP of 0.20 MPa and crossflow velocity of 4.5 m/s were the feasible operation conditions for the membrane, and the average flux could reach 75 L/(m2h).
Firstly, the influences of transmembrane pressure (TMP) and crossflow velocity on the membrane flux were investigated when the temperature and volume reduction factor (VRF) of the PWfPF were fixed at 37 °C and 4, respectively.
During the long-term operation of the pilot-scale filtration system, the removal of crude oil, HPAM, turbidity and TSS were investigated to evaluate the retention effectiveness of foulants(data not given).
Firstly, the influences of transmembrane pressure (TMP) and crossflow velocity on the membrane flux were investigated when the temperature and volume reduction factor (VRF) of the PWfPF were fixed at 37 °C and 4, respectively.
During the long-term operation of the pilot-scale filtration system, the removal of crude oil, HPAM, turbidity and TSS were investigated to evaluate the retention effectiveness of foulants(data not given).
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Shu Hui Zhang, Zhi Qiang Kang, Qing Lü, Jie Li, Xiao Jie Liu
Electroconductive Si3N4–TiN ceramic was fabricated by pressureless sintering from the chief materials containing high titanium slag and Si3N4 powder synthesized by carbonthermal reduction nitridation method using iron ore tailing as raw materials.
In the previous work, Si3N4 powders were prepared from iron ore tailings containing high SiO2 content by carbothermal reduction and nitridation method [6].
Table 1 Performance data of various ceramics from different references Ceramics Volume density /g·cm-3 Vickers hardness /GPa Flexure strength /Mpa Room electrical resistivity /·cm Materials and fabrication methods Si3N4–TiN in this paper 2.79 8.23 66 7.1×10-2 Iron ore tailing, high titanium slag,Y2O3,Al2O3, pressureless sintering TiN/ O′- Sialon[11] 3.1 9.2 169 1.8×10-2 High titanium slag, pressureless sintering Si3N4[12] 3.21 1.1×1014 Pure Si3N4 powder TiN[12] 5.44 21G 0.25×10-4 Pure TiN powder Ti2AlN- TiN[13] 8.57 Ti ,Al and TiN powder, HPS Al2TiO5- Si3N4[14] 2.77 45.34 Si3N4, Al2O3, TiO2 and SiO2 powders, reaction sintering method Si3N4 matrix ceramic[15] 94.3 Si, BN and SiO2 powders, reaction sintering method Table 1 shows the structure property, mechanical property, and room electricapability data of various ceramic materials fabricated by different raw material or different process from several references.
The above data illustrate that Si3N4-TiN obtained in this paper has good performaces.
In the previous work, Si3N4 powders were prepared from iron ore tailings containing high SiO2 content by carbothermal reduction and nitridation method [6].
Table 1 Performance data of various ceramics from different references Ceramics Volume density /g·cm-3 Vickers hardness /GPa Flexure strength /Mpa Room electrical resistivity /·cm Materials and fabrication methods Si3N4–TiN in this paper 2.79 8.23 66 7.1×10-2 Iron ore tailing, high titanium slag,Y2O3,Al2O3, pressureless sintering TiN/ O′- Sialon[11] 3.1 9.2 169 1.8×10-2 High titanium slag, pressureless sintering Si3N4[12] 3.21 1.1×1014 Pure Si3N4 powder TiN[12] 5.44 21G 0.25×10-4 Pure TiN powder Ti2AlN- TiN[13] 8.57 Ti ,Al and TiN powder, HPS Al2TiO5- Si3N4[14] 2.77 45.34 Si3N4, Al2O3, TiO2 and SiO2 powders, reaction sintering method Si3N4 matrix ceramic[15] 94.3 Si, BN and SiO2 powders, reaction sintering method Table 1 shows the structure property, mechanical property, and room electricapability data of various ceramic materials fabricated by different raw material or different process from several references.
The above data illustrate that Si3N4-TiN obtained in this paper has good performaces.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: S. Senthilvelan, R. Kalidasan, M. Yatin, D.K. Sarma
This behaviour is due to the machining of front cutting tool preheat as well as reduction of effective cutting speed while machining with rear cutting tool.
The signals from each dynamometer is combined with the help of junction box, through which the signal is acquired by Data Acquisition Card, connected to a computer, which enables online monitoring and storing of the cutting force data.
Infrared camera (INFRATEC, Modline 5 series) capable of measuring temperatures in range of - 40oC to 2000oC was used to simultaneously record the temperatures with a data acquisition rate of 8 frames per second.
Additionally, a diameter reduction takes place due to the cutting action of the front cutting tool and this leads to reduced cutting speed of rear cutting tool.
The signals from each dynamometer is combined with the help of junction box, through which the signal is acquired by Data Acquisition Card, connected to a computer, which enables online monitoring and storing of the cutting force data.
Infrared camera (INFRATEC, Modline 5 series) capable of measuring temperatures in range of - 40oC to 2000oC was used to simultaneously record the temperatures with a data acquisition rate of 8 frames per second.
Additionally, a diameter reduction takes place due to the cutting action of the front cutting tool and this leads to reduced cutting speed of rear cutting tool.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Laïd Laoufi, Mohamed Mouli, Yassine Senhadji
Many studies have reported that natural pozzolans have been widely used, as substitutes for Portland cement in many applications, for their advantageous properties which include cost reduction, reduction in heat evolution, high compressive strength, especially in the long run, energy efficiency in buildings, decreased permeability and increased chemical resistance [4-12].
The compressive strength data for mortar are presented in Table 2.
For example at the age of 120 days, the reduction in the electrical charge was 39.69, 57.25 and 51.34% for mortars M10, M20 and M30, respectively, compared to control concrete.
Results clearly show that the incorporation of NP into cement is very useful because it allows a significant reduction in capillary absorption.
The mortar with 20% NP gave the greatest reduction in water absorption.
The compressive strength data for mortar are presented in Table 2.
For example at the age of 120 days, the reduction in the electrical charge was 39.69, 57.25 and 51.34% for mortars M10, M20 and M30, respectively, compared to control concrete.
Results clearly show that the incorporation of NP into cement is very useful because it allows a significant reduction in capillary absorption.
The mortar with 20% NP gave the greatest reduction in water absorption.
Online since: July 2023
Authors: Darminto Darminto, Ahmad Sholih, Gatut Yudoyono, F. Faridawati, Sudarsono Sudarsono
Faridawati1,c, Gatut Yudoyono1,d
and Darminto1,e*
1Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
a)sudars@physics.its.ac.id, b)sholih@physics.its.ac.id, c)faridaphysics@physics.its.ac.id, d)gyudoyono@physics.its.ac.id, e*)darminto@physics.its.ac.id
Keywords: coconut shells, graphenic carbon, optical absorbance, DMSO
Abstract.
Ngaini, Effects of reduction temperatures on morphological, optical, and electrical properties of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) thin films, Mater.
Jeong, Microstructure and electrothermal characterization of transparent reduced graphene oxide thin films manufactured by spin-coating and thermal reduction, Results Phys. 24 (2021) 104107
Cheng, The reduction of graphene oxide, Carbon. 50 (2012) 3210–3228
Santoso, Effect of Chemical Reduction Temperature on Optical Properties of Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) and its Potentials Supercapacitor Device, Mater.
Ngaini, Effects of reduction temperatures on morphological, optical, and electrical properties of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) thin films, Mater.
Jeong, Microstructure and electrothermal characterization of transparent reduced graphene oxide thin films manufactured by spin-coating and thermal reduction, Results Phys. 24 (2021) 104107
Cheng, The reduction of graphene oxide, Carbon. 50 (2012) 3210–3228
Santoso, Effect of Chemical Reduction Temperature on Optical Properties of Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) and its Potentials Supercapacitor Device, Mater.