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If nanomaterial is combined with traditional building materials, this may lead to production of building materials with unique properties.
Details of the beams geometry, materials, casting and testing methodology are described.
Table (2) Properties of utilized materials Material and Property Max. or Min.
Table (3) Component material proportions for the HSC mixes Content% Component materials Mix no.
The Effect of Using Nano Materials on the Properties of Cement Paste and Mortar.

During the service life, the mechanical parts made of these materials operate at high stress and temperature level, in a quite harsh environment.
Table I- EBW BoP seam: chemical composition of the material measured by EDS microanalysis in base metal, HAZ and MZ.
Table II- Laser joints: chemical composition of the material measured by EDS microanalysis in base metal, HAZ and MZ.
Marchanty, Nickel-Based Superalloy Welding Practices for Industrial Gas Turbine Applications, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining 9 (2013)13-21
Tillack, Welding Journal 86 (2007) 28-32

Studies of material migration from suspended powder, dielectric, electrode and their impact on surface properties have been studied for different die steel materials [5, 10].
The volume of material above melting temperature represents the material removed leading to formation of a crater.
Manufacturing Science, (Affiliated East-West Press Private Limited, New Delhi, 1985)
Effect of materials on the mechanism of electric discharge machining (EDM).
IE (I) Journal-PR, 1996, 77, 13–19

Finite element analysis (FEA) is employed to evaluate the actual performance of the synthesized CPM with Ti6Al4V material in order to verify the correctness of the synthesis method.
Section 4 presents the simulation results of the synthesized CPM with Ti6Al4V material.
This material has a Young’s modulus of 111 GPa, Poisson ratio of 0.34, density of 4.5 g/cm3, and yield limit of 950 MPa.
Xu, "A totally decoupled piezo-driven xyz flexure parallel micropositioning stage for micro/nanomanipulation," IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 265–279, 2011
Nai, "Design and Optimization of a Three Degrees-of-Freedom Spatial Motion Compliant Parallel Mechanism With Fully Decoupled Motion Characteristics," Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics, p. 051010, 2019.

The original microfabrication techniques were derived from the semiconductor industry and the major substrate materials in the late 90’s were silicon and glass.
To obtain the goal of developing a microfluidic device that is low-cost, disposable, less hazardous fabrication processes, and mass produced, new substrate materials with associated fabrication techniques were explored such as polycarbonate, poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), polydimethyl-siloxane (PDMS), and even paper [2].
Since micromilling is following the design pattern to remove materials from the substrate, so it can be used on different substrate materials from polymers to metals and create more possibilities in microstructure patterns and applications.
Brass is selected as the substrate material for micromilling since it is easy to machine and its strength is enough for hot embossing [20-21].
Limbach, “Enhanced machining of micron-scale features in microchip molding masters by CNC milling”, International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture 45 (2005) 1542–1550

Separation of sulphuric acid from an acid suspension of cellulose nanocrystals by manual shaking Soon Yee Liew1,a, Wim Thielemans1,2,b and Buddhika Hewakandamby1,c 1 Division of Manufacturing and Process Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD 2 Renewable Materials and Nanotechnology Research Group Science and Technology KU Leuven Campus Kortrijk Etienne Sabbelaan 53 8500 Kortrijk Belgium asoon.liew@nottingham.ac.uk, bwim.thielemans@kuleuven.be, cBuddhika.hewakandamby@nottingham.ac.uk Keywords: Cellulose nanocrystals, sulphuric acid, nanoparticle separation, flocculation, acid recovery.
Materials and methods The cellulose source was cotton wool purchased from Fisher Scientific.
Moreover, the sulphuric acid concentration of 30 wt% may be an issue for the membrane material.
Bohn, Cellulose: fascinating biopolymer and sustainable raw material, Angew.
Vermant, Direct visualization of yielding in model two-dimensional colloidal gels subjected to shear flow, Journal of Rheology, 53, (2009), 1437-1460

The deleterious impact of metallic degeneration is common on engineering materials utilized for structural applications in environments containing chlorides, sulphates and thiosulphates such as buildings and bridges, petrochemical pipelines and refineries, vehicular radiators, boilers, desalination and marine applications [3].
The most common engineering materials are refined ferrous alloys which require enormous quantity of energy to isolate them from their ores.
Experimental Methods Materials Preparation Plain carbon steel (PCS) sheet was obtained from a dealer in Lagos, Nigeria.
Ahmad, Types of corrosion: Materials and Environments, in Principles of Corrosion Engineering and Corrosion Control, 1st Ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, 2006, pp. 120-270
Abza, Short review of factors affecting chemical bath deposition method for metal chalcogenide thin films, International Journal of Thin Films Science and Technology, 8(2) (2019) 43-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18576/ijtfst/080203

The QDs exhibits Quantum Confinement Effect (QCE) and posses electrical and optical properties that are different from the bulk material.
The smaller the size of the QDs, larger will be the enhancement in the band gap as compared to the bulk material.
Multilayer PS is a well-researched material in optical applications because of its advantages to produce complex optical components.
Multifunctional properties of nanocrystalline porous silicon as a Quantum Confined Material. 2002, Vol.
Journal of porous materials. 2000, Vol. 7, pp. 63-66.

It is believed that enhancement of activities by nano-architecture design could result in preparation of cheap materials which could be used worldwide.
It is expected that soon plasmonic photocatalysts could be applied as environmental materials for environmental purifications and safety food storage.
Acknowledgement Financial support from Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through the Grand Challenges Exploration Initiative (“Materials for food storage with antiseptic properties” OPP1060234) is highly acknowledged.
Ohtani, Plasmonic titania photocatalysts active under UV and visible-light irradiation: Influence of gold amount, size, and shape, Journal of Nanotechnology 2012 (2012) 1-11
Karabiyik, Plasmonic materials with enhanced photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties, MSc thesis, Ulm University, 2014

One of such implant materials is the Zwitterionic hydrogel as used in an experiment on mice [1] (See Fig. 1).
In the work, it was found that such animals retained the ability to surround the implanted material with a layer of phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages).
After injecting histamine receptors antagonist, pyrilamine (an H1 receptor antagonist) and famotidine (an H2 receptor antagonist) to implanted bio-materials in the mice, it is verified that histamine enhances phagocyte transmigration via both H1 and H2 receptors.
Natural responses to unnatural materials: A molecular mechanism for foreign body reactions.
Torabi, Application of the differential transformation method and variational iteration method to large deformation of cantilever beams under point load, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 26, (2012), 2879–2887 [20] M.