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RFMEMS devices, because of their mechanical behavior, are subjected to additional reliability issues and failure modes, totally unknown to standard semiconductor technologies, like fatigue of materials, creep, delamination, stiction, presence of dust particles and moisture, and so on [14].
Most part of these issues can be significantly mitigated and also eliminated, but at the price of a strict control at technology and material level, leading unavoidably to increased manufacturing costs.
On the other hand, MEMS capacitive switches without the floating metal layer, i.e. where the MEMS structure directly contacts the underlying insulating layer, typically show less stable and lower CMAX/CMIN ratios (in the order of 5-20) because of surface roughness of materials and of not perfect planarity of MEMS structures.
Faes, A Flexible Fabrication Process for RF MEMS Devices, Romanian Journal of Information Science and Technology (ROMJIST) 14 (2011) 259-268

Decision makers also try to cut down the proportion of 1 All GDPs or economic numbers in this paper were calculated by the prices of commodities in 2005 mining and traditional manufacturing industry, and limit the manufacture of basic chemical material.
Acknowledgements This study is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41101567 and No.40701066) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
Science, (1995), 268: 520-521
The Journal of Developing Areas, (1981), 15(3): 381-406
Chinese Geographical Science, under review (2012).

Materials made from collagen such as membranes and hydrogels, are considered as potential treatment options in the regeneration process of both hard and soft tissues.
Ethics Statement The authors confirm that the ethical policies of the journal, as noted on the journal’s author guidelines page, have been adhered to.
Wan et al., “Bioactive Materials Biomaterials from the sea : Future building blocks for biomedical applications,” Bioact.
Salvatore et al., “Materials Science and Engineering C Marine collagen and its derivatives : Versatile and sustainable bio-resources for healthcare,” Mater.
Plepis, “Chitosan and gelatin materials incorporated with phenolic extracts of grape seed and jabuticaba peel: Rheological, physicochemical, antioxidant, antimicrobial and barrier properties,” Int.

Gao c Materials Research Group, School of Engineering Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom a wangs@soton.ac.uk, b m.j.starink@soton.ac.uk, c n.gao@soton.ac.uk, Keywords: Al-Cu-Mg alloys, clusters, precipitates, hardening.
For instance, the 2024 alloy with composition of about Al-1.8Cu-1.7Mg-0.3Mn (at-%), and derivatives 2124 and 2524, are primary structural material used in aircraft. 2x24 alloys continue to be specified for many aerospace structural applications, such as in fuselage structures, wing tension members, shear webs and ribs.
(c, d and e adapted from [21]) The strength model In polycrystalline materials several hardening mechanisms operate, and the yield strength should generally be given by [25]: σy = ∆σGB + M·τtot (1) where ∆σGB is the grain boundary strengthening, M is an orientation factor (often termed the Taylor factor), and τtot is the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) of the grains which is determined by several strengthening mechanisms, most notably intrinsic hardening, precipitate hardening (including co-cluster hardening) and solution hardening.
Silcock: Journal of the Institute of Metals Vol. 89 (1960-61), p. 203

The sensor consists of inter-digitated fingers that are made of the same material as the structure to be monitored, Figure 5.
This is achieved in the CPHM system using atmospheric science combined with atmospheric parameters that are practical to measure using sensors.
Ailor: Five-year corrosion of aluminium alloys at several marine sites: British Corrosion Journal Vol. 1 (1966), p237-243
Ging: Weathering of aluminium: Materials Protection Vol. 6 (1967), p33-38
Trueman: Determining the probability of stable pit initiation on aluminium alloys using potentiostatic electrochemical measurements: Corrosion Science Vol 47(9) (2005), p2240-2256

The dewatering surfactants reduce the surface tension of the solution and aid in its desorption from the particulate material.
Materials and Methods The partial chemical analysis of the ore sample utilized in the test work is given in Table 1.
A K Suri, former Director, Materials Group, BARC, Mumbai for the continued encouragement and keen interest during these investigations.
Mishra, Studies on the effect of flocculant adsorption on the dewatering of iron ore Tailings, Chemical Engineering Journal 173 (2011) pp 318–325
[6] GONG Guanqun, XIE Guangyuan, ZHANG Yingjie, WANG Ziliang, WANG Jin, XIE Linghui, LUO Zhenfu, Effect of a starch-based filter aid on the dewatering of fine clean coal, Mining Science and Technology 20 (2010) pp. 635–640 [7] T.K.

The reference FBG sensor embedded into or welded on a structure at free stage made by the same material as the testing structure.
ACKKNOWLEGEMENTS This research is financially supported by NSFC (Grant Nos. 50525823, 50538020 and 50278029) and the Ministry of Science and Technology (Grant Nos. 2006BAJ03B05 and 2007AA04Z435).
Maierhofer: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering Vol. 15 (2003), p. 287
Carracilli: Key Engineering Materials Vol. 204-205 (2001), p. 47

A real building has both static characteristics, and dynamic behaviours such as construction, material properties, and solar load, occupant’s behaviour respectively.
For example, once the simulation model has been calibrated to match building’s construction and material properties, then the state (On/Off/Dim) of individual lights, which is a constituent of the dynamic behaviour, can be automatically passed from building monitoring system (BMS) to the simulation model.
External Ground Real Material Summica (satin finish) Paint (matt) Clear Glass Glass (trans-lucent) Wood Summica (satin finish) Poly-styrene - - Real Color Light grey White trans-parent Grey Light brown Light grey Reddish brown White White - - Avg.
Rendering with Radiance - The Art and Science of Lighting Visualization.
Makassar: Hasanuddin University, Makassar.Journal paper [13] G.J.

China. 2Zhejiang institute of quality inspection science.
Materials and methods 2.1 Seaweed sample preparation Eight types of edible seaweeds were collected from supermarket in Hangzhou, China.
Cooling gas flow 16 L min-1 Sample flush time Delay time 30 S 30 S Observation direction Uprightness Table 2 Analytical wavelengths of elements (nm) Elements wavelength (nm) K 766.4 Na 589.5 Cu 324.7 Cd 228.8 Ca 317.9 Fe 259.9 Se 196.0 As 193.7 P 177.4 Mn 257.6 Cr 283.5 Pb 220.3 Mg 279.5 Zn 213.8 Al 309.2 Hg 184.9 2.4 Quality assurance–quality control The suitability of the analytical methods was checked previously by establishing calibration work curves, evaluating their analytical characteristics (limit of detection, precision and accuracy) and analyzing certified reference material GBW10018 (from the national standard center of China).
T-test was used to check for significant differences from the reference content, and accuracy were checked through 10 determinations of the certified reference materials.
Miguez: Journal of Applied Phycology (London 2012)

Multi-Source Hybrid Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Network Framework for Addressing Energy Unpredictability Issues Aditi Paul1,a*, Indu Pandey2,b 1,2Department of Computer Science, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India aaditi23.mca@gmail.coml, bindupandey2108@gmail.com Keywords: Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Network, EH-WSN Protocol Review, Multi-source Hybrid EH-WSN framework.
The amount of energy that a sensor harvest suffers from significant error due to inherent degradation properties of the materials used.
Balakrishnan, Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2000, pp. 10 pp. vol.2-, doi: 10.1109/HICSS.2000.926982
Power Management in SMAC-Based Energy-Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks Using Queuing Analysis, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2013, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 1008–1017
[32] Porcarelli D, Spenza D, Brunelli D, Cammarano A, Petrioli C, Benini L. , Adaptive rectifier driven by power intake predictors for wind energy harvesting sensor networks, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics , 2014, vol. 3, no 2, pp. 471–482.