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To solve the problems mentioned above, a lot of study has been conducted by decreasing the silicon dimensions into nanoscale such as thin films, nanowires, nanoparticles, nanotubes and porous structures.
Materials Chemistry 21 (2011) 9938-9954
Chen, Si-Based Materials as the Anode of Lithium-Ion Batteries Progress in Chemistry   23 (2011) 318-327
A study on the effect of structure and P-doping of Si thin film as an anode for lithium rechargeable batteries.

Other researches have reported that it use while acting on the target organisms, also impact the survival and growth of the other non-target organisms in aquatic ecosystems, caused water micro-ecological imbalance and the damage of ecosystem structure and function [4].
In very general terms, the risk factors for conditions and processes in this study case showed similarities with the standardized soil adsorption coefficient, combined the different food chain and the structure of contaminants, the toxicity affecting include ciprofloxacin hydrochloride intake, biological metabolism and dilution of growth.
[9] Y Y Dong, X J Zou, Z Chen, et al., Joint toxicity and environmental risk analysis of three common pharmaceuticals, Environmental Chemistry. 32 (2013) 1257-1262
[11] B P Lei, S B Huang, Z J Wang, Theories and Methods of Ecological Risk Assessment, Progress in Chemistry. 21 (2009) 350-358

Among 1min~5min irradiation, along with the water evaporation of corncob, The inner passage is more loose and free, but too much irradiation, organization structure is the destruction of the adsorption performance, scattered and accumulation by channel makes the adsorption rate of Zn2+ and Pb2+ decline.
When the pH>8, the protein in the corncob will denaturate and the structure of the corncob will be destoried, so the absorption rate will be low.
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2013
Current Organic Chemistry, 2013,17 (13):1361-1370

Introduction Ionic liquids (ILs) as organic salts, often exhibit interesting properties such as low melting points, good solvation properties, and non-volatility, which are required both by industry and scientific communities for their broad applications as solvents1,2 or reaction media in nanoscience, physical chemistry, and many other areas3-5.
The structures of the synthesized ionic liquids CnpyNTf2 (n = 2, 4, 5) are shown in Figure1.
(n = 2, 4, 5) Figure 1 Structures of ionic liquids CnpyNTf2 (n = 2, 4, 5) Density Measurement of ionic liquid and methanol mixture: The densities of mixtures were measured by a Westphal balance.
Ionic liquids in analytical chemistry.

These alloys are not suitable for conventional fusion welding processes due to its poor solidification microstructure, since dendritic structure is formed in the fusion zone, resulting in a lower strength than the base metal, and the high propensity to develop solidification cracks [2;5].
In the welds with higher travel speed (lower heat input) were identified a concentration of precipitates in the advancing side of the stir zone (Fig. 3), but no attempt was made to discern the precipitate distribution and chemistry.
The performance of the welded structure will be governed by the minimum hardness of the weld region that is typically found in the HAZ in a precipitation hardening aluminium alloy.
Subsequent studies are necessary to understand more detailed metallurgical properties, such as precipitation distribution and chemistry.

The mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, in vitro stability and antibacterial action in polymers were investigated and the results indicated that both of their silver salts have been incorporated successfully in the polymer structure, without significant effect on the mechanical properties and with giving acceptable bacterial resistance.
We can say that the radiation doses used in this work were low doses and they do not affect the structure of polyurethane catheters.
Thesis – Graduate Program in Chemistry.
Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 48 (1984) 2003-2008

Development of Oral Microemulsions of Morus alba Extract for Osteoarthritis Thapani Noi-ang1,a , Anusorn Charoensin1,b , Aksiporn Warangkanagool1,c , Athid Kulkong1,d, Nattaporn Soonthornsit1,2,e, Tasana Pitaksuteepong1,2,f* 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000 THAILAND 2Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000 THAILAND athapani32@gmail.com, banusorncharoensin@gmail.com, caksipornw@gmail.com, dathidk1222@gmail.com, enattaporn_bell@yahoo.com, ftasanap@nu.ac.th Keywords: Morus alba extract, Osteoarthritis, Microemulsion Abstract.
The structure of diisostearic acid is highly branch and thus the insertion into the interface, between surfactant may be more difficult.
Thus, the solubility of surfactant as well as the structure of ME are remained.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank financial support from the Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Office of the Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education and the yearly budget of Naresuan University, Thailand  (R2555B069).

Metastable Phase Equilibria in the Aqueous Ternary System Containing Potassium, Lithium and Chloride Ions at 298.15 K Ying Zeng1, 2, 3, a, Xudong Yu1, b, Jingqiang Zhang1, c and Longgang Li3, d 1Department of Chemistry, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China 2 Chemistry Key Laboratory of the Higher Education Institutions of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610059, China 3 The Development & Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Sedimentary Brine Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory, Chengdu, 610059, China azengyster@gmail.com, bxwdlyxd@gmail.com, czjq1203@gmail.com, dunifile@163.com Key words: lithium salt; ternary system; metastable phase equilibrium; 298.15 K Abstract.
The effect is likely caused by the structure similarity of LiCl and H2O.
Because of the structure similarity between LiCl and H2O, salt LiCl is easy to be dissolved and has large solubility.

Laobuthee1*,d 1 Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand 2 National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand 3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand a sangngern_s@hotmail.com, bsomboons@mtec.or.th, cfscinmk@ku.ac.th, dfengapl@ku.ac.th Keywords: PVA modification, chemical vapour sensor, carbon black composite Abstract.
In Addition, the results illustrated that the polarity between polymer and solvent and the structure of polymer influenced to the vapour sensing responses of polymer films, as shown in Fig 4.
Summary By esterification, the structure of PVA can be modified as a copolymer for using as a material for chemical sensor application.
We would also like to acknowledge National Metal and Materials Technology Center and Department of Chemistry, Kasetsart University for instrumental supports.

In 2005, Teng Feng et al[7]. synthesized water-sol core/ shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) in aqueous solution by using mercapto-acetate acid as stabilizer. nanoparticles．In 2008, Zhenwei Song et al. [8] showed that the core-shell structure would widely enhance chemical stability and quantum yield of nanoparticles，which were the basis to turn the QDs from the organic phase to aqueous phase．The QDs were transformed from the chloroform solvent to the aqueous phase with no change of their fluorescence peak and maintain relatively high quantum efficiency through modifing the surface of QDs with the chemical reagent 3-mercaptopropionic acid(MPA)．In 2010, Lingling Peng et al.[9] synthesized Mn2+doped ZnS nanocrystals based on low dopant concentrations (0–2%) and coated with a shell of Zn(OH)2 have been prepared via soft template and precipitation reaction.
Form samples using different content of Cu2+ ions, the best sample is ZnS0.999Cu0.0012+.All of the diffraction peaks could be indexed and the main three diffraction peak positions correspond to the lattice planes of (111), (220), and (311), matching the cubic zinc β-ZnS structure (JCPDS No. 05-0566).From the Fig.2 we can see that all the sample diffraction peaks width becomes broader compared with standard card(JCPDS No. 05-0566).
Soc. (2011)133, pp1007–1015 [2] Zhilong Wang,Yan Liang,Microemulsion method preparation Zn(1-x)S:Cux(0.001Chemistry 183(2010) pp2552–2557 [4] WuDong-ping, ZHANG Yong, The Application of Quantum Dots as Chem icalLum inescent Probes, Journal of Xinyang Normal University, Natural Science Edition ,Vo.l 21 No. 1, (2008)pp150-154 [5] Chuang Chen, Liangdong Chen, Advances in the application of quantum dots in tumor markers investigation, Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol. 7, No. 3(2008) pp179–184 [6] QU Feng, CHEN Zu-bin, Research of Labeling GLUT4 in Live Cells Using QDs, Progress in Modern Biomedicine, Vol.12 NO.4 (2012)pp605-608 [7] TENG Feng , TANG Ai-wei , Study of Water-Sol Core-Shell CdSe/ CdS Quantum Dots, 　Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, Vol25
[9] Lingling Peng, Yuhua Wang, Effects of the Template Composition and Coating on the Photoluminescence Properties of ZnS:Mn Nanoparticles, Nanoscale Res Lett (2010)pp839–845 [10] Xiang Yin, Resarch of Biological Labeling and Gene Transfeetion with CdTe Quantum Dots Synthesized in Water Phase, CENTRALSOUTH UNIVERSITY(2011) [11] Hai’e Xu , Preparation and Application of Water2Soluble Quantum Dots, PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY, Vol . 17 No. 5, (2005),pp800-808