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Online since: March 2016
Authors: Zhesfina Blednova, Igor Sergeevich Myshevsky, Yuriy Gavrilovich Blednov, Kirill Andreevich Zverkov
Fatigue tests in the environment KOH + H2 showed a significant reduction of ductility, which indicates the presence of hydrogen embrittlement.
However, there are difficulties associated with the lack of data for the NiTi alloy.
Reduction volume of durability of the alloyed compounds tested in the environment, in comparison to the same samples tested in air, in a voltage range = 225-275 MPa on average are: for environment with φ= -0,9 V by 5-6 times; for environment φ = -1.3 V by 8-10 times.
Further studies of the alloyed compounds deformation in KOH environment showed significant reduction of ductility.
At comparatively low voltages the dominant deformation mechanism in an alloyed weld is nondislocation one, which brings to significant reduction of plastic deformation at the partial unloading of the sample.
However, there are difficulties associated with the lack of data for the NiTi alloy.
Reduction volume of durability of the alloyed compounds tested in the environment, in comparison to the same samples tested in air, in a voltage range = 225-275 MPa on average are: for environment with φ= -0,9 V by 5-6 times; for environment φ = -1.3 V by 8-10 times.
Further studies of the alloyed compounds deformation in KOH environment showed significant reduction of ductility.
At comparatively low voltages the dominant deformation mechanism in an alloyed weld is nondislocation one, which brings to significant reduction of plastic deformation at the partial unloading of the sample.
Online since: March 2007
Authors: Horst E. Friedrich, Roland Schöll, Andreas Brinner, Peter Treffinger
Key issues are cost reduction; higher power density of
the primary energy converter, the fuel cell; wider operation ranges and improvement of operation
parameters, e.g. higher operation temperature and starting ability in freezing conditions.
cost reduction, durability, lifetime and power density until 2010.
With regard to the hydrogen storage the target of the DOE in the United States a cost reduction to 6 $/kWh of stored energy at a recoverable hydrogen storage capacity of 4.5 wt% shall be reached by 2007 [4].
In order to enable a significant cost reduction a production process, which allows mass production with short cycle times should be applied.
FE-calculation based on these experimental data show that compressed natural gas vessel should be feasible using this new construction principle.
cost reduction, durability, lifetime and power density until 2010.
With regard to the hydrogen storage the target of the DOE in the United States a cost reduction to 6 $/kWh of stored energy at a recoverable hydrogen storage capacity of 4.5 wt% shall be reached by 2007 [4].
In order to enable a significant cost reduction a production process, which allows mass production with short cycle times should be applied.
FE-calculation based on these experimental data show that compressed natural gas vessel should be feasible using this new construction principle.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Dong Qiang Gao, Jiang Miao Yi, Lin Hu, Huan Lin
The concrete processes consist of using CMM for the data acquisition, using Pro/E for data preprocessing and model reconstruction, using Mastercam for processing the cavity.
Generate polygons Segmentation of point cloud Segmentation of point cloud Data reduction Three-dimensional surface modeling Surface of the multilateral body Curved surface forming Curve&surface construction Die forming Simulation and entity maching Data collection Data pre-processing Fig.1 Flow chart of reverse engineering It gets the geometric data from the existing product model and is the process of reconstructing digitization or parameterization model of products through these data in a CAD environment.
Measured Data Preprocessing.
Data preprocessing should be done before building 3D models, including data smoothing, excluding noise data and abnormal data, compressing and merging redundant data, padding lost points, data segmentation, locating repeated measurement data and reconstructing symmetrical basis of symmetric parts.
We can edit point data with "Notepad" and save them as ibl data format which can be identified by Pro/E.
Generate polygons Segmentation of point cloud Segmentation of point cloud Data reduction Three-dimensional surface modeling Surface of the multilateral body Curved surface forming Curve&surface construction Die forming Simulation and entity maching Data collection Data pre-processing Fig.1 Flow chart of reverse engineering It gets the geometric data from the existing product model and is the process of reconstructing digitization or parameterization model of products through these data in a CAD environment.
Measured Data Preprocessing.
Data preprocessing should be done before building 3D models, including data smoothing, excluding noise data and abnormal data, compressing and merging redundant data, padding lost points, data segmentation, locating repeated measurement data and reconstructing symmetrical basis of symmetric parts.
We can edit point data with "Notepad" and save them as ibl data format which can be identified by Pro/E.
Online since: March 2021
Authors: Mohd Shaiful Sajab, Ahmad Hakimi Shaffie, Farrah Aida Arris, Wan Nabilah Manan, Hatika Kaco
After completion of adding NaBH4 into the FeSO4.7H2O suspension, the mixture was further stirred for another 1 hour to allow for complete reduction.
Black-colored precipitate of ZVI can be seen as a result of the reduction.
It might also require more time to allow for complete reduction of ZVI.
This shows that there was a successful reduction of FeSO4.7H2O to form ZVI using NaBH4.
Table 1 Summary of peak current observed from raw data against 3-MCPD known concentration 3-MCPD concentration [µg/ml] Peak current [µA] 0.25 28 0.50 27 1.00 26 2.50 23 5.00 24 7.50 27 The calibration was performed using CV mode, where the peak currents were observed within voltage range of -25 to 45 mV.
Black-colored precipitate of ZVI can be seen as a result of the reduction.
It might also require more time to allow for complete reduction of ZVI.
This shows that there was a successful reduction of FeSO4.7H2O to form ZVI using NaBH4.
Table 1 Summary of peak current observed from raw data against 3-MCPD known concentration 3-MCPD concentration [µg/ml] Peak current [µA] 0.25 28 0.50 27 1.00 26 2.50 23 5.00 24 7.50 27 The calibration was performed using CV mode, where the peak currents were observed within voltage range of -25 to 45 mV.
Online since: January 2010
Authors: João Manuel R. S. Tavares, António Torres Marques, Luís Miguel P. Durão, Daniel J.S. Gonçalves, Victor Hugo Costa Albuquerque, A.P.M. Baptista
In [15, 16], the authors showed the
importance of pilot hole on delamination reduction when using core drills.
A thrust force reduction of 25% to 50% can be found when comparing holes with and without pilot hole.
This work is concerned with the reduction of this type of delamination.
During drilling, axial thrust forces were monitored with a Kistler 9257B dynamometer associated to an amplifier and a computer for data acquisition.
Yet, a reduction in feed rate also has a consequence on temperature build-up, increasing the risk of thermal damages.
A thrust force reduction of 25% to 50% can be found when comparing holes with and without pilot hole.
This work is concerned with the reduction of this type of delamination.
During drilling, axial thrust forces were monitored with a Kistler 9257B dynamometer associated to an amplifier and a computer for data acquisition.
Yet, a reduction in feed rate also has a consequence on temperature build-up, increasing the risk of thermal damages.
Online since: October 2010
Authors: Carlos del Cañizo, Antonio Luque, Gonzalo del Coso
It comes from the carbothermic reduction of quartz at high temperature (2000ºC approximately) in an electrical arc furnace.
For PV applications, the level of silicon purification is not as stringent as that of the microelectronics case, giving room to process simplifications that can lead to cost reductions.
Others A direct carbothermic reduction from selected quartzs and carbons has also been investigated, with the philosophy to avoid not only the chlorosilanes but also the metallurgical intermediate step [[] E.
This is the case of using as volatile compound silicon tetrafluoride, produced from a by-product of the fertiliser industry [5], performing an aluminothermic reduction of silicon [[] BN.
A crystalline Si reference technology is analysed, whose cost structure is based on direct manufacturing cost data provided by industrial partners.
For PV applications, the level of silicon purification is not as stringent as that of the microelectronics case, giving room to process simplifications that can lead to cost reductions.
Others A direct carbothermic reduction from selected quartzs and carbons has also been investigated, with the philosophy to avoid not only the chlorosilanes but also the metallurgical intermediate step [[] E.
This is the case of using as volatile compound silicon tetrafluoride, produced from a by-product of the fertiliser industry [5], performing an aluminothermic reduction of silicon [[] BN.
A crystalline Si reference technology is analysed, whose cost structure is based on direct manufacturing cost data provided by industrial partners.
Online since: April 2010
Authors: Yuh Fukai
Another approach, i.e. the measurement of penetration profiles of the radio isotope 95Nb,
provided very accurate data on the temperature dependence of D' for x = H/Nb = 0.05 and 0.06
between 850~950°C, and additional spotty data for higher H concentrations.
Results are shown in Fig. 3 [9], together with reference data on pure Nb.
Resistometry data described above [8] are also included.
Two sets of data by Koike et al. [8] and Iida et al. [9] are shown, together with some reference data for pure Nb.
Data of Koike et al. for x = 0.26 [8] and Iida et al. for x = 0.25 [9] are compared with a model calculation assuming a temperature dependence of the occupation number (shown in the inset).
Results are shown in Fig. 3 [9], together with reference data on pure Nb.
Resistometry data described above [8] are also included.
Two sets of data by Koike et al. [8] and Iida et al. [9] are shown, together with some reference data for pure Nb.
Data of Koike et al. for x = 0.26 [8] and Iida et al. for x = 0.25 [9] are compared with a model calculation assuming a temperature dependence of the occupation number (shown in the inset).
Online since: October 2023
Authors: Juana Coello, Jorge Muñoz-Ródenas, Francisco García-Sevilla, Alberto Martínez-Martínez, Valentín Miguel
However, it is difficult to judge their ability to classify real-world data.
This “bag” forms an array with the training data for the classifiers.
A reduction of dimensionality of data can be done by selecting only a subset of features to create a model.
ROC curve for SVM model validation data (400 features).
Hinton, Visualizing data using t-SNE, J.
This “bag” forms an array with the training data for the classifiers.
A reduction of dimensionality of data can be done by selecting only a subset of features to create a model.
ROC curve for SVM model validation data (400 features).
Hinton, Visualizing data using t-SNE, J.
Online since: October 2004
Authors: Leo A.I. Kestens, Kim Verbeken
By employing
the TSL-OIM software, orientation data were gathered.
Note that no orthorhombic sample symmetry could be applied on the data.
After this long annealing treatment orientation data of 125 large grains were collected.
Note that no orthorhombic sample symmetry could be applied on the data.
To this purpose, three different sets of orientation data will be considered.
Note that no orthorhombic sample symmetry could be applied on the data.
After this long annealing treatment orientation data of 125 large grains were collected.
Note that no orthorhombic sample symmetry could be applied on the data.
To this purpose, three different sets of orientation data will be considered.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Rui Barbosa, Nuno Lapa, Diogo Dias, Benilde Mendes
The substitution of 10% cement by fly ashes has not promoted the reduction of the compressive strength of concrete.
Results and Discussion Compressive strength data.
The overall analyses of the formulations revealed a tendency for the reduction of the compressive strength with the increasing substitution of cement by fly ashes.
The substitution of 10% cement by fly ashes (F2, F3, F4, F5) has not promoted the reduction of the compressive strength of the concrete.
Results and Discussion Compressive strength data.
The overall analyses of the formulations revealed a tendency for the reduction of the compressive strength with the increasing substitution of cement by fly ashes.
The substitution of 10% cement by fly ashes (F2, F3, F4, F5) has not promoted the reduction of the compressive strength of the concrete.