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The growth pattern of Ca1–3xLn2xTiO3 grains was terracing growth.
When coordination number equal to 12, the effective ionic radius of Ca2+, La3+, Nd3+ and Sm3+ were 0.134 nm, 0.136 nm, 0.127 nm and 0.124 nm [9], respectively.
A large quantity of massive grains and a few granular grains, with intended and ladder-like microstructure even unambiguous interfacial angle are observed, indicating the terracing growth of grains.
However, when x=0.20 and Ln=Sm, granular grains increased obviously, probably corresponding to the secondary phase Sm2Ti2O7.
The growth pattern of Ca1–3xLn2xTiO3 grains was terracing growth.

They can be employed as micro-grinding tools because the convex parts of discharge craters formed on the tool surface can serve as cutting edges of abrasive grains in grinding wheels.
Although most small-diameter grinding wheels are fabricated by electroplating, it is difficult to electroplate a wheel shank with ultrafine grains, which are necessary for ultrasmall-diameter grinding wheels, with a constant pitch and protrusion height of the grains.
The grain size and hardness are 1 µm or larger and 5000 HK, respectively.
The maximum heights of these profiles are approximately 0.9 and 1.4 µm, respectively, which correspond to the protrusion height of the abrasive grains in grinding wheels.
A low crater density means a small number of convex parts of craters, implying that the grinding force per convex part is large enough to generate cracks and chippings.

However, when the number of reviews is very huge, the approach becomes tedious or even infeasible.
However, like the case for the potential consumer, the number of reviews could be enormous.
For instance, Amazon.com has coarse-grained rating for each review on its website, while Ctrip.com provides fine-grained rating for four aspects of a hotel, such as room hygiene, hotel service, surrounding environment and facilities.
Fine-Grained Sentiment Analysis Shallow Semantic Parsing.
Aspect-sentiment word pair identification is significant for fine-grained sentiment analysis and computation.

Therefore, the individual grains do not interact directly until they touch each other and it is unable to describe the more detail features such as the side branches and the formation of second phases (eutectic).
Thus, the density of grains n(ΔT) formed at any undercooling ΔT is given by () () () T ' n ' 0 d nT dT dT Δ Δ= Δ Δ∫ (2) Growth kinetics and orientation.
The transformation of state from liquid to solid depends on the total solid fraction () t snft, which can be written as () () M ti sn sn i1 1 ft ft M = = ∑ (11) where M is the total number of the contributed solid neighbors to the liquid cell or total number of the growth components in a nucleation cell.
Fig. 2(a) and 2(c) indicate the grain structures simulated by the classical cellular automaton model and Fig. 2(e) and 2(g) are obtained experimentally [5].
Moreover the directional solidification with the columnar and equiaxed grains is simulated by the proposed method and the evolution from nucleation to impingement between grains is observed.

A number of methods exist to infer, or predict, soil type from CPT and CPTU data.
This system classifies coarse-grained soils (more than 50 % retained on the No. 200 sieve), such as sands and gravels, according to their grain-size distribution, and fine-grained soils (50 % or more passing the No. 200 sieve), such as silts and clays, according to their plasticity (liquid and plastic limits).
Mixed soils, including silty gravels and sandy clays, are classified using both their grain size and plasticity characteristics.
Artificial Neural Networks An ANN is composed of a large number of simple processors, called neurons, which are arranged in a number of highly interconnected layers operating in parallel.
The main drawback of CPT soil classification charts is that they can only provide an estimate of in situ soil behavior type rather than predict soil type based on index properties such as grain-size distribution.

In the authors' recent work on energy in sawing of gray granite [2], the specific energy was found to increase at small grain depths of cut and is nearly constant at large depths of cut.
In order to explore the general validity of the variation of the specific energy versus grain depths of cut, an investigation was extended to obtain the specific energy in circular sawing of two kinds of granite over a wider range of sawing conditions.
The number of effective diamond grains on the segment was counted by a stereo optical microscope.
Since only a part of the effective diamond grains, which were called as active grits, took part in the sawing process, the number of the active grits in per unit area of the saw-blade surface (Ca) can be given by: b) w L s L( C a C ⋅+ η⋅ = . (1) where C is the mean effective grits number on the working surface of each segment, η�is the ratio of the active grits number to the effective grits, Ls is the length of the segment, Lw is the length of the water slot along the circumference, b is the width of the segments.
While producing thick and short chips, the forces acting on each diamond grain on the working surface of the segment will increase, which will result in more impact wear of diamond grits [4].

Specific Heat Treatment options and parameters are in Table 1-1 Cutting the handled experimental model of steel into a number of criteria and putting them in the SHIMAD (Shimadzu) ZUAG-I 250KN precision universal electronic tensile testing machine for a tensile test, testing the material yield strength, tensile strength and elongation.
After quenching, the more homogeneous composition of the austenite forming martensite in the supersaturation of alloying elements will increase more and more benifits to the degree of the better hard steel，With the extention of tempering temperature and tempering time, the supersaturated carbon precipitates from the martensite quickly, when the holding time exceeds 2h, little change in the carbon content of martensite, martensite matrix continue to lower carbon content, alloying elements, the dislocation density and the number of twins are reduced,Therefore, the number of the enhanced reduce, the hardness decreased, the rise on plasticing, C specimen extension rate of 7.0%, area reduction rate of 9.5%, reflecting the close relationship between good ductility and uniformity grain.
Figure b) is common in the tempered martensite on the fracture surface, subject to cleavage fracture, can see some of the individual or small number of connected surface, the fracture is transgranular, and also have a small amount of river patterns , The edge of the river to the surrounding divergence from grain, short, curved shape, a small tributary, the formation of tear Ridge, obviously loose, mixed, and its elongation and area reduction rate of only 3.0%, the plastic can not meet the requirements.
Figure d) you can see every small fracture surface morphology is quite similar to the crystal cleavage, there are some similar patterns of rivers, in the small fracture surface link between the way they have some different from the cleavage characteristics, such as some so-called tear Ridge, subject to cleavage, there are some inclusions, although the nucleation by the inclusion into dimples, and dimples the size of the decision, but too much of the inclusions present in the grain boundary , the crack will be easier to generate, so the plastic sample specimens than in group B improved, but it is still not Satisfactory.
Fig 2-1 The different heat treatment process of the tensile fracture morphology Figure c) for the sample quenched after 870 ˚C 620 ˚C tempered tensile fracture surface, fracture mode is still subject to cleavage, but the tensile fracture morphology of a large number of holes in the pit, that is, dimples.

This paper proposes a way to resolve it by build cloud computing platform by making full use of large number of idle computers.
At the same time, a large number of low-end computers are idle in offices or deposited in the warehouse。
Pricing on a utility computing basis is fine-grained with usage-based options and fewer IT skills are required for implementation (in-house).[3] Device and location independence[4] enable users to access systems using a web browser regardless of their location or what device they are using (e.g., PC, mobile phone).
Scalability and Elasticity via dynamic ("on-demand") provisioning of resources on a fine-grained, self-service basis near real-time, without users having to engineer for peak loads.
Making a large number of idle computers to a cloud platform will make the largest profits with the smallest investment.

One is the coarse-grained regions (CGHAZ); the other is etched HAZ boundary material (HAZBM).
CTOD Test Number of specimens.
Specimen numbers with various heat inputs Heat input CGHAZ specimen numbers SCHAZ specimen numbers 0.8kJ/mm 803 804 807 809 812 813 814 815 3.0kJ/mm 301 307 308 303 305 4.5kJ/mm 452 453 454 451 455 CTOD test and result.
The number of valid specimens and retesting specimens.
The percentage grain coarsened HAZ shall be reported.

It can be seen that there is no crack, uniform, dense texture without formation of grain for the glass sample from Fig. 3a.
Whereas, with the gradual elevation of crystallizing temperature from 700 °C to 1100 °C, the morphology and the microstructure in Fig. 3b-f displayed that the grains grew up gradually and distributed inhomogeneous, the average grain size became larger gradually.
It means that the higher the crystalline temperature, crystallization is more complete, grains overlapped each other, thus the grain boundary decreased accordingly.
Combining with XRD and SEM analysis, with the increase of heat-treating temperature, grains grew up and grain boundary decreases, contains more main crystal phase, thus the microstructure was more suitable for lithium ion migration, so the ionic conductivity increased.
Certainly, the pre-exponential factor related to the number density had an effect on the ionic transfers.