Advanced Engineering Forum Vol. 42

Abstract: The current accelerated developments within the automotive sector have triggered a series of performance, comfort, safety and design-related issues. Hence, oftentimes manufacturers are challenged to combine various elements so as to achieve an attractive design, without diminishing the vehicle’s dynamic performance. In order to determine the vehicle dynamic performances we carried out an analysis by two methods. In the first part of the paper, we have used the analytical method to establish the dynamic performances of a vehicle. The second part of our study addresses another method to determine the star performances of the vehicle by means of computerized simulations. The first test aimed to determine vehicle starting performances for two vehicle models, with similar technical configuration, but with the same initial data. In the second test, we aimed at determining the start performance for the same car model, with the same initial data, but for different adhesion coefficients

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to investigate the fuel injection system in diesel engines by using inline pumps. In a diesel engines, the fuel injection pressure plays an important role in the combustion process in order to obtain high performance and low fuel consumption. The experiments in this paper are been performed on a 6 cylinder inline pump which is actioned by an electric motor with variable r.p.m.-s The quantity of the fuel injected by each injector is measured function of time and the speed of electric motor. The experiments show the degree of non-uniformity of the fuel delivered by the pump to injectors.

Abstract: This paper aims to present how the microwave technology can be used in the development of hybrid joining and microjoining technologies for composites materials in order to increase productivity and quality of the welds. The paper is mainly focused on conceptualization of various types of hybrid processes by coupling a microwave beam with conventional thermal source such as arc welding, laser welding, 3D printing and others. The concepts presented in this paper will be completed with sensing solution for sensing and automation of the processes.

Abstract: To study the vibrations of a Multiparker lift lift model, use various models for the lifting mechanism. In order to increase the number of parking spaces in the center of the Romanian capital, it is intended to design a parking lot on several levels above the Dâmbovița river, which would include two elevators for lifting and lowering cars. One of the elevators works as a system of translating cam and roller translating follower and thus, due to transmitting the torque from the electric drive motor to the cam, respectively changing the travel direction at the end of the route, upon starting and stopping, vibrations may occur within the elevator. This system must be supported on a foundation in order to achieve anti-vibration isolation. There are several possibilities to achieve this anti-vibration isolation, among which one can mention the elastic suspensions mounted on springs, rubber mats or standardized elastic rubber elements

Abstract: The above-ground parking lot above Dâmbovița river has stemmed from the need to cover the lack of parking lots in Bucharest. The parking lot may be serviced, in case of emergency, by auxiliary elevators that are operated by mechanisms provided with translating cams and roller translating followers. In this paper, a calculation of the collapsing critical load shall be performed. One shall also analyze here the rod model and the model with several rods of the mechanism provided with a translating cam and roller translating follower. In order for the rods to resist collapsing, one must be found in the elastic field, thus verifying Euler’s formula.

Abstract: Needle insertion in biological tissue has attracted considerable attention due to its application in minimally invasive procedures such as laparoscopy or transcutaneous biopsy. In this paper the force of the Veress needle insertion into the abdominal wall and the von Mises stress were studied, demonstrating the ability of finite element models to provide additional understanding of the processes taking place. Veress needle insertion force may cause complications during surgery, the most common being vascular lesions, thus affecting the precision and duration of surgery assisted by a portable abdominal insufflation device. This study was the first step in developing a force feedback for needle insertion into the abdominal wall assisted by a portable abdominal insufflation device. The CAD model of the prototype of a portable abdominal insufflation device was made. Then the prototype of a portable abdominal insufflation device was developed. For testing purposes an artificial silicone model was made. The paper also includes the experimental results obtained by measuring the maximum pressure inside the artificial silicone model after the penetration of the wall.

Abstract: Car seats represent a constructive - functional system including a variety of elements, assembled on a specific frame, among those the main components are the seat pan, the seat backrest, and the seat headrest. In order to improve the comfort of the driver and passengers, as well vehicle general safety, the car seats are under of intensive research and implementation of advanced developments.Thus, through of variety of sensors integrated into the seat, some important parameters are analysed for keeping the drivers alert and comfortable while driving semi-autonomous or autonomous cars. For adjustment of the seat linear and angular positions, a special system has been implemented, comprising electric, electronic, and pneumatic elements. Also, seat micro-adjustments are possible through the action of specific actuators. The car seat design and manufacture take into consideration a diverse array of data, based on a large range of parameters to face the diversity of drivers requirements. The present paper is advancing a conceptual development of car complex seat, integrating a number of active elements, with multiple possible adjustments. The new seat model is designed to satisfy a larger diversity of people both in terms of comfort and safety.

Abstract: This research addresses attention to human upper limb experimental analysis during feeding process aiding disabled persons. The research core is focused on the experimental process of obtaining the angular amplitudes and trajectories developed by the human upper arm during feeding process. The research originality consists on the obtained results which can be used in further researches for command and control of robotic assisting devices.

Abstract: High Explosive Mortar bombs are used on the battlefield for destroying the manpower, non-armoured equipment and shelters. The paper describes an original experimental and numerical approach regarding the potential threats caused by the detonation of 120 mm HE mortar bombs. The evaluation of the bomb effect presumes the fulfillment of experimental trials that focus on two physical mechanisms which appear after the detonation of the cased high explosive. These mechanisms are the shock wave generation and the fragments propulsion, which were also studied by a numerical model that provides results over the bomb fragmentation mode. The novelty of the paper consists in the calibrated 3D numerical model confirmed by the experimental data, which provides information over the fragmentation process of the case and the initial velocity of its fragments, proving that the main threat of this type of ammunition is the effect through metal fragments. The results of numerical simulation and experimental data are used for their comparative analysis and the assessment of the phenomena.

Abstract: This study presents the evolution of the European Norms of depollution and their environment impact. Therefore, starting Euro 1 Norms (1992), the European Commission defines and regulates the exhaust emissions of the vehicles produced and sold in the European Union. From 2014 until the end of 2020, car producers are under the regulations of the Euro 6/VI Directives. These regulations had a great impact on the process of vehicles engineering design as they influence the materials used during the manufacturing process such as metals, additives or plastic and polymeric composites. One key role in the development of less polluting vehicles is the usage of polymeric composites. Thanks to these materials, cars are now lighter, therefore they consume less fuel and they produce less pollution, and also they present an increased level of comfort and safety. One main target of the Euro 6 regulation is to popularize electrical, hybrid or hydrogen cars. Plastic and polymeric composites such as polyacetal, polyphenylene ether or other engineering resins are a key part of the evolution of car industry. This article is intended to summarize how using polymers on different car components impacts the quality of air.