Advanced Engineering Forum Vol. 36

Abstract: This study proposes the use of solar energy by thermal way, to heat water using a flat solar collector whose absorber is equipped with straight fins. The study concerns the optimization of the height of the fins and is based on the criterion of the absorbed energy with the necessary condition, the realization of the black body at the absorber. For this work, the relationship between the fins height, the fins pitch, the coordinates of the sun and the ones of the collector was established in order to determine, for each period of the day, the number of reflections. The absorbed energy during each of the two unfavorable days and for each given fin height was evaluated. The results show that the optimal height is equal to 5 mm all the days of the year considered. A height less than 5 mm will generate a very significant loss while a height superior to 5 mm generates an insignificant gain

Abstract: Blanching is an important stage of post harvesting processing of turmeric, which destroys the viability of the fresh rhizomes and eliminates the raw odor. Large amount of crop residue and wood is consumed during conventional turmeric boiling process. Solar-based turmeric blanching system had been developed to show the viability of concentrated solar power for agricultural produce processing and contribute to CO₂ mitigation. Experiments were conducted for several days in the month of April 2019, to study the performance of 16-m² Scheffler concentrator for turmeric blanching. Turmeric was blanched in batches of 10 kg. Average 110 kg turmeric was successfully processed in a day. From the experimental data analysis, it is perceived that the thermal performance of the system directly depends on beam radiation. Average efficiency of 19.35 % was achieved with average beam radiation 721 W/m². Minimum blanching time was found as 27 minutes with an average steam flow rate 5.30 kg/hr. Power available at reflector, receiver, and blanching vessel is presented to identify energy losses at each component of blanching system.

Abstract: High-voltage air power lines (AL) are sources of danger to aircraft objects and of pollution of the surrounding environment by their fields. In this connection, there is a problem of creating of analytical mathematical models for the calculation of the magnetic and electric fields of air power lines (AL) in the surrounding them space. The analytical mathematical models for magnetic and electric fields of air power lines (AL) in surrounding space for making subsequent decisions in the field of detection of high-voltage air lines by aircraft and electromagnetic pollution of environment were obtained.

Abstract: Stainless steels have gained much attention to be an alternative solution for many manufacturing industries due to their high mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. However, owing to their high ductility, their low thermal conductivity and high tendency to work hardening, these materials are classed as materials difficult to machine. Therefore, the main aim of the study was to examine the effect of cutting parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut on the response parameters including surface roughness (Ra), tangential cutting force (Fz) and cutting power (Pc) during dry turning of AISI 316L using TiCN-TiN PVD cermet tool. As a methodology, the Taguchi L27 orthogonal array parameter design and response surface methodology (RSM)) have been used. Statistical analysis revealed feed rate affected for surface roughness (79.61%) and depth of cut impacted for tangential cutting force and cutting power (62.12% and 35.68%), respectively. According to optimization analysis based on desirability function (DF), cutting speed of 212.837 m/min, 0.08 mm/rev feed rate and 0.1 mm depth of cut were determined to acquire high machined part quality

Abstract: Seven quality tools are one method or tool that is often used in problems solving. Seven quality tools are developed and introduced in Japan by some quality originators such as Deming and Juran. Any organizations that cannot manage the quality of its methods and products have a tendency to fall apart. Quality is crucial to sales, price control, productivity, risk control and compliance. Productivity improvement is one of the core strategies closer to production excellence and it is also necessary to achieve correct monetary and operational performance. It enhances client delight and decrease time and cost to expand, produce and deliver merchandise and carrier. Productivity has a positive and big relationship to performance measurement for manner utilization, system output, product costs, and work-in-process stock tiers and on-time shipping. development can be in the form of elimination, correction (restore) of ineffective processing, simplifying the procedure, optimizing the machine, decreasing variant, maximizing throughput, reducing fee, enhancing high-quality or responsiveness and lowering set-up time. Hydraulic systems are widely employed in most of industries like for rollers, cement industries equipment’s etc. used for high force movements to obtain motion in the process. And in the large scale industries all the facilities are provided for maintaining the efficiency of the hydraulic system, since they have investments and experienced personals. In this study elimination of major dismantling at sick bay at Eicher Tractor, Bhopal was done by applying seven quality tools. The main aim of this thesis is to provide an application of seven QC tools to improve the quality level. QC tools are the means for Collecting data, analysing data, identifying root causes and obtaining the results. All of these tools together can provide great process tracking and analysis that can be very helpful for quality improvements. These tools make quality improvements easier to see, implement and track. Findings revealed that 150 pieces of ADDC cylinder checked after action implementation and found no leakage during testing and 129 cylinders fitted in ADDC housing, where no droppage was observed at load testing machine and 86% productivity improved.

Abstract: The adsorption behavior and inhibition mechanism of (1, 4, 7-Tris [hydrogen (6-methylpyridin-2-yl) phosphonate] -1, 4, 7-triazacyclononane) (TPP) on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M HCl were investigated by weight loss technique, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods for different concentrations at 25°C. The results show that the inhibition efficiency values depend on the amount of immersion times and the concentration. A 90% efficiency is found at the highest concentration of the studied compound according to weight loss measurements. The adsorption of the investigated inhibitor on the mild steel surface was well supported using an AFM study. For the assignment of the absorption sites, we performed quantum chemical calculations with (DFT) method. The interaction between the inhibitor and iron surface were performed by molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. In this paper, experimental methods and results used to assess the efficiency of the studied compound are presented.

Abstract: Creep tests using a simple jig have been performed on 63 wt.% tin-37 wt.% lead solder wires of diameters 1 mm and 2 mm at room temperature (23°C). Coils containing 5 or 10 rings were allowed to creep under their own weight for 60 minutes. It was noted that for either of these diameter wires, the coil with 10 rings had significantly large vertical displacements as compared to those with 5 rings. In each particular coil, the highest vertical displacements were in the bottom rings. The overall maximum vertical displacement was 76.5 mm and this was in a bottom ring of the 2 mm diameter wire with 10 rings. However, in all cases, the amount of horizontal displacement was negligible. The bottom ring of the 2 mm diameter wire had the largest initial strain of 0.151 at 5 minutes and final strain of 0.546 at 60 minutes; this was in the coil with 10 rings. Although no consistent pattern in change between the initial and final diameters was noted for the rings in any coil even after 24 hours of creep, it was quite apparent that in a majority of cases a change in diameter occurred. The main factor responsible for the observed creep is attributed to the weight of the rings in the coils rather than capillary flow.

Abstract: Ordinary concrete - a stone like structure which is formed by the chemical reaction of the cement, aggregate and water and is a brittle material which is strong in compression but very weak in tension, which causes cracks under small loads. These cracks gradually propagate to the compression end of the member and finally, the member breaks. These increase in size and magnitude with time and finally fails. One of the successful reinforcing methods is providing steel reinforcement but even then, cracks in reinforced concrete members extend freely. Thus, need for multidirectional and closely spaced steel reinforcement arises. Fiber reinforcement gives the solution for this problem. So, to increase the tensile strength of ordinary concrete a technique of introduction of fibers in concrete is being used. These fibers act as crack arrestors and prevent the propagation of the cracks, improves the post cracking response of the concrete, i.e., to improve its energy absorption capacity and apparent ductility, and crack control. The Present study focuses upon, Synthetic (Polypropylene) Fiber Reinforcement (SFRC) of 1% and 3% and Natural (Jute) Fiber Reinforcement (NFRC) of 1% and 3% by weight and are compared with respect to their compressive strength and flexural strength. The present study concludes considering the practical issue of workability of fibers, that in between synthetic and natural fibers selected, 1% Polypropylene fibers can be added as a reinforcement to ordinary concrete to enhance both compressive strength by nearly 2 times at 28 days curing duration and flexural strength by 35%% at 28 days curing duration. History and Development

Abstract: The wheat husk pulp epoxy resin composites were prepared by compression Molding Method and their physical and Mechanical Properties were studied by universal testing Machine. The composites were tested by tensile strength testing and impact strength tester. The content of Wheat husk pulp is varied (35%, 45%, 55%) weight percentage whereas the epoxy resin is varied (50%, 40%, 30%) percentage is kept constant 15% in hardener. Composites have been fabricated using hand layup technique using a suitable mold developed in industry. All the sample have been tested in Universal testing machine as per ASTM standard for tensile strength and impact strength it is observed that composite with 35% wheat husk pulp is having highest tensile strength of 4mm (4.29MPa) and 8mm (6.31Mpa). The impact strength of Composite with 35% wheat husk pulp was highest than 35%to 45% wheat husk pulp.

Abstract: In a previous paper [1] we have shown that Newton’s third law cannot strictly hold in a distributed system of which the different parts are at a finite distance from each other. This is due to the finite speed of signal propagation which cannot exceed the speed of light at vacuum, causing the total force in the system to not add up to zero. This was demonstrated in a specific example of two current loops with time dependent currents in at least one of the loops [1], or in one-time dependent loop current and a permanent magnet assembly [2, 3]. A relativistic engine was thus suggested. Since the system is affected by a total force for a finite period of time this means that the system acquires mechanical momentum and energy, the question then arises how to accommodate the law of momentum and energy conservation. The subject of momentum conversation was discussed in [4], while a preliminary discussion of the subject of electric energy conservation is given in [5, 6]. Here we discuss some of the radiation losses associated with the engine and their implications on the energy balance.