Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 170-173

Abstract: On account of increasing contradiction between water for life, environment, agriculture and water supply in Haoshuichuan watershed, it constructs new projects for water diversion, pumping, transpiration and distribution on the base of current project layout. A unified deployment of water supply source is formed through 1 reservoir, 11 key dams and 15 medium-sized check dams which have been built in river basins. It establishes watershed water resources joint scheduling mode through application of optimization theory, and adopts MATLAB optimization toolbox for the solution of the model. The research result may provide decision-making basis for river basin agricultural layout, ecological restoration and sustainable economic development, also provide reference for joint scheduling of water sources in similar regions.

Abstract: Aiming to characteristics of large canal slope, the key problem of slope optimization for large canal was studied, and synthetic optimization methods of canal slope were put forward: 1. Enough geological exploration and geotechnical test are beneficial to determine shear strength parameters accurately and to prevent conservative design. 2. Appropriate slope stability analysis method of large canal was chosen, and anti-sliding stability of canal slope accurately was evaluated considering the effect of canal stage excavation and large board concrete liner on canal slope stability. 3. The whole canal slope optimization was embodied through controlling the anti-sliding stability safety factor affluence of canal slope. 4. Based on permissible minimum slope gradient and practically economic cross-section of canal, an optimization method of canal slope was put forward considering slope stability and minimum cost. In addition, concept of permissible limited state and permissible limited gradient for canal slope were proposed.

Abstract: The stress and deformation of spiral case of Gezhouba Hydropower Station under three working conditions such as before the capacity-increasing improvement, during the disassembly of the spiral case and after the capacity-increasing improvement are calculated by three dimensional FEM..the reinforcement plan of spiral case is proposed based on the above calculation results and also analyzed by three dimensional FEM. Study on the results of different working conditions mentioned above shows that the unit disassembly scheme is feasible and the reinforcement plan is effective.

Abstract: The cavitation regions of cylindrical and semi-cylindrical protrusions were experimentally investigated in non-circulating water tunnel. The cavitation numbers and structures of protrusions were compared under different velocities and aeration conditions, the common cavitation characteristics of protrusions were developed.

Abstract: Based on the research of formation lithology, geological structure, deformation failure mechanism ,rock-mass quality and mechanics parameters of the diversion tunnel inlet slope at the right bank of Jinchuan Hydropower Station, a numerical three-dimensional geological model of slope and structural surface was established by applying 3D modeling program, and combined with the slope excavation design, cuttings of transverse and axial direction are conducted, thus, the structural surface location and the rock-block combination are obtained in the excavation face and excavation process. And then, the stability of deterministic block body is calculated by using commercial rock-slope stability-calculation program. By using the probability analysis method in analysis of dominant structure plane combination, possible random combination block of the rock can be get, and then, the block stability calculation is carried out. The results show that deterministic blocks and random combination blocks have good stability under all kinds of working conditions.

Abstract: Power plant’s risk factors, the exposure of lower reaches and the capacity to deal with emergency are considered to establish small hydropower dam-break evaluation model. Calculating and analyzing the degree of severity of the Changlong Reservoir in Jiangxi Province，the quantitative indicators are obtained.

Abstract: Yeywa hydropower station RCC dam is located in the torrid zone of Asian, During the construction period, it meet Technical problem of temperature control in hot season. We can utilize the peculiarity of RCC that has a slow temperature rise due to hydration heat and a low early strength, according to analyse the blending and concreting procedure of RCC, adopt comprehensive and effective temperature control method, such as confirm concrete mix, control the temperature of raw material and RCC out of the batch plant, prevent temperature rise during transporting and concreting, setting joint to avoid structural crack and temperature crack. From Yeywa hydropower station RCC dam construction finished to now, no dangerous crack is detected, It accumulate experiences for RCC dam construction in high temperature place.

Abstract: he application of artificial neural network and genetic algorithm is made into the Shuibuya concrete face rock-fill dam project. At the beginning of design phase, genetic algorithm was used to predict the deformation of the dam; One year after the completion of construction, the rheological constitutive model parameters of Shuibuya concrete face rock-fill dam (CFRD) was inverted based on the monitoring data. And the permanent deformation of the dam was computed with the help of artificial neural network and genetic algorithm. The study result not only can accurately grasp the characteristic of Shuibuya CFRD, but also is propitious for the advancement of the computation theory about superhigh project.

Abstract: According to the data of climate and runoff from 68 weather stations and 105 hydrologic stations in Hebei province between 1956 and 2000, the change of climatic essential factors and runoff are analyzed. Since the 1960s, the average annual temperature in Hebei province has been increasing gradually. Compared with the 1960s, the temperature in the 1990s has risen 0.9°C. From the age, the average annual evaporation as a whole in Hebei province has appeared a tendency to decline. And it descends 62mm every ten years on average. The average year’s precipitation has gradually diminished by the years. Compared with the 1950s, the precipitation in the 1990s has decreased 60mm. The average years runoff of the whole province, which declines 19.4×108m3 every ten years on average, emerging a gradually decreasing trend from the 1950s to the 1990s, is120.2×108m3. With the decrease of the precipitation and the rise of the temperature, the runoff declines. The models of climatic essential factors and the runoff established by utilizing the multiple regression analysis are logarithmic non-linear functions. Obviously, the impact of precipitation variety on the runoff is more than the effect of the temperature or the evaporation change on the runoff by the sensitivity analysis. According to the prediction of the future climatic change with regard to the runoff, the whole province runoff will alter from 114.36 to 138.24×108m3 in 2030. Similarly, the runoff will vary from 106.8 to 137.8×108m3 in 2050.

Abstract: Europe, the United States and China have conducted a lot of research on the detection and localization of underwater target. The United States, the typical representative among Europe and America, pays much attention to marine research and has a profound foundation. In China, Harbin Engineering University, Institute of Acoustics of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Northwestern Polytechnical University also have done a lot of research on target detection and localization. Overall, the United States of America and other developed countries temporarily precede China in underwater target detection and localization.