Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 178-181

Abstract: Spherical assembly composed of MnO2 nanoparticles with an average diameter of 0.8-2.0 μm have been prepared using spent Zn-Mn batteries. The product was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The adsorption performance of spherical assembly composed of MnO2 for methyl red was investigated. The adsorbent showed high efficiency for the removal of methyl red in water. The equilibrium of adsorption was achieved within 30 min. The isotherm adsorption data obeyed the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 92.6 mg g^-1.

Abstract: Traffic activities are one of major sources leading to roadside soil contamination due to their long-term accumulation effect. The typical elements of Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu in the roadside soil can transport through food chain to human body and result in a strong toxicity to people. In agricultural area, intake of heavy metals through the soil-crop system could play a predominant role on human exposure to environmental heavy metals. The study investigates concentrations and distributions of the four heavy metals’ in herbaceous plants growing in the roadside farmland around Kathmandu, Nepal. Totally, 60 plant samples including 26 samples from rural mountainous farmland and 34 samples from suburban farmland were collected from April 2011 to May 2011. The sampling distances to the road edge are 0 m, 10 m, 30 m, 50 m, and 100 m. The samples are classified into tree protection or no tree protection. It is found that the heavy metals’ distributions are not consistently decreasing as roadside distance; the heavy metal concentration in rural area is significantly lower than those in suburban area; and tree has a significant protection effect on roadside plants from the Cu contamination.

Abstract: Liners play an important role in control of contaminant transport to ensure negligible long-term environmental impact. Fill liners have therefore been designed with the requirement to perform as barriers that separate leachate from the groundwater system. Liners have been traditionally designed using clay or geo-membranes and geo-synthetics. However, these traditional methods are becoming increasingly uneconomical and out of reach of most undeveloped countries. Development of innovative barriers and barrier materials is thus essential to provide more sustainable and cost effective solutions. The aim of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of using a new mixture of red sand-bitumen, as a landfill liner. The results indicate that the mixture meets the limit value of hydraulic conductivity for waste landfills of 1 × 10⁻⁹ m/s and that the mixture has a high potential to be used in landfill applications.

Abstract: Aiming at the characteristics of the deformation , loaded on the landfill, the bottom layer of tailing and the uncertainty and ambiguity of metals transport, recent development is analysed on China and abroad about the model of the contaminant transport and the heavy metals transport considering on the consolidation deformation. According to the analysis, the shortage is pointed out. When the coupling model of heavy metals transport is analysed, the nonlinear and the heterogeneousness of the coupling model of heavy metals transport based on the consolidation deformation must be considered, especially the model of heavy metals transport based on the consolidation deformation and the calculation method are established in special soils (such as expansive soil, the red clay etc.), which is the research emphasis and the development direction.

Abstract: The response of growth characteristics (tillering number, plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, and leaf width), and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentration of three wetland plants to the introduction of earthworms in a constructed wetland (CW) was investigated under greenhouse conditions. The growth characteristics, and N and P concentration of wetland plants were influenced by earthworms. The addition of earthworms enhanced three wetland plants growth, especially benefiting to the flower formation of the C. indica. The addition of earthworms to CW, the increased rate of plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, and leaf width could be summarized as follows: C. indica > P. australis > T.augustifolia. N and P concentration of Stems, leaves and flowers of wetland plants was increased by addition of earthworms into constructed wetland, and N and P concentration distributed in wetland plants followed the order of flowers> leaves > stems. The N and P removal rate could be enhanced by addition of earthworms into constructed wetland.

Abstract: Constructing low-carbon green oil port is not only beneficial to change the present situation of Chinese oil port which has pollution problems and many risks, but also to increase the economic efficiency and improve the ability of sustainable development of low-carbon green oil port. While coordinating the cooperative relationship between each related enterprises participated in the construction of oil port low-carbon green oil port, is the important segment to build a low-carbon green oil port. This paper adopted the static game model under the asymmetric circumstance to research cooperative relations of low-carbon green oil port between the oil port enterprises and other enterprises and achieved good research achievements. The study results can provide for oil port supply chain related enterprise whether you choose cooperative strategy with the theory basis and the reference for decision.

Abstract: After successive global environmental conferences in which national governments pledged to reduce carbon emissions, there is ever-increasing scrutiny on the construction industry. This is because the energy used in the production of building materials and subsequently required to power a completed building form a substantial part of the overall carbon emissions generated by society. The response from both public and private sector interests around the world has been to enhance the importance of environmental assessments – both of building methods and the finished product – almost in inverse proportion to the tolerance for energy waste. The standards required by individual states vary considerably: part of this is down to local climate and geographical considerations, but a major consideration is the incentives offered for meeting a given standard. These consist primarily of tax credits and quality certificates, and the right to promote a building as “green”, thus improving the reputation of its designers and sales potential for buyers. Some of the various Assessment organisations around the world have already franchised their standards to other countries (both government-sponsored and private enterprises) and continue to form partnerships with each other, usually in the same continent or hemisphere. The principal aim appears to be expanding the influence of that particular environmental standard. There is the real possibility of environmental assessment methods in certain countries becoming counter-productive: in the rush to standardize, actual improvements made possible by new technologies are rendered useless by political manoeuvring to make a particular standard “the one” to use.

Abstract: The current situations of water environmental problem, water quality, water pollution prevention and control of the Liao River are analyzed and evaluated in this paper. The results show that a serious current situation of the Liao River water quality. The main pollution sources are: grave mountain forest vegetation destruction; serious soil and water loss; densely populated city; great pressure of sewage treatment; low coverage rate of the urban sewage pipe network; serious phenomenon for sewage straightly discharge and level of recycled water reuse. This paper aims at putting forward more attention on the work of basin pollution prevention and treatment; fundamentally relieve water source-oriented supply pressure.

Abstract: This paper taked Xinxue River constructed wetland of Nansi Lake as the study object , researched the boundary problem in the process of modeling and prediction of water quality and quantity. Furthermore, all data collected were expanded, and virtual data points were increased to broaden the range of the model value. Therefore boundary problem was solved effectively, and mode accuracy was also improved.

Abstract: The goal of clean production a new environmental protection concept to all businesses is to save energy, reduce energy consumption, reduce consumption, and increase efficiency. The ultimate aim is to protect the environment and enhance its environmental and economic efficiency to achieve the win-win situation. A milk factory establishes the firm foundations to develop lastingly for enterprises by the cleaner production reform which is the surest way to achieve the environmental and economic efficiency.