Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 178-181

Abstract: This paper used A/O-MBR wastewater treatment system,which was the combination of membrane technology and the A/O treatment process, which took experiments on the campus sewage, the study was made on the influence of phosphorus removal effect and membrane fouling by adding aluminum salt to the system. The result implied that the phosphorus removal effect of the system was improved significantly after adding aluminum salt. Observation was also taken on when TMP reached the limit value in A/O-MBR system and Al₂(SO₄)₃-A/O-MBR system respectively, which showed that the stable operation time of the reactor that added Al₂(SO₄)₃ was longer.

Abstract: Eight heavy metal elements（As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn）of five function areas are ploted in city by using matlab, according to their concentration and distributing extension. Overproof concentration of eight heavy metal elements is estimated by using aberrance coefficient. Cumulate exponent of overground is choosed to optimize model. Polluting extent of eight heavy metal elements is analyzed in quantity.We expatiate diffuse character of eight heavy metal elements in soil and moving law,when heavy metal elements enter soil.

Abstract: The pH, electric conductivity (EC), nutrients, heavy metals, water-holding capacity and water permeability of stabilized sewage sludge were investigated by mixing municipal sewage sludge with alkaline fly ash and slag. The results indicate that the evaporation of soil moisture increases and water-holding capacity decreases in these artificial soils with an increase of slag, and the infiltration rate of artificial soils increases to improve its water permeability by adding slag to sewage sludge. The pHs of stabilized artificial soils range from 7.5 to 8.0 for a weak alkaline soil, which tend to be neutral by adding slag to sewage sludge. The ECs of stabilized artificial soils range from 2.93 to 3.71 mS•cm^-1, indicating the higher salt content in these artificial soils. The nutrient contents of stabilized sewage sludge are up to a high fertilizer level and available nutrients increase with the increase of the ratio of slag to sewage sludge in these artificial soils. Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu and Zn for all artificial soil treatments are lower than control standards for pollutants in sludge and fly ash for Agricultural use.

Abstract: This paper applies the panel unit root, heterogeneous panel cointegration and panel-based dynamic OLS to re-investigate the co-movement and relationship between energy consumption and economic growth for 12 provinces(autonomous regions, municipalities) in West of China from 1989 to 2009. The empirical results show that there is a positive long-run cointegrated relationship between real GDP per capita and energy consumption variables. Furthermore, we investigate three cross-regional groups, namely the stronger-level, medium-level and weaker-level groups, and get more important results and implications. In the long-term, a 1% increase in real GDP per capita increases the consumption of energy by different rates for three groups respectively, and subsequently it increases at different rates in three groups of the carbon emissions in West of China. The economic growth in stronger-level group is energy-dependent to a great extent, and the income elasticity of energy consumption in stronger-level group is over several times than that of the weaker-level groups. At present, West of China are subject to tremendous pressures formitigating climate change issues. It is possible that the GDP per capita elasticity of carbon emissions would be controlled in a range that orients sustainable development by the great effort.

Abstract: The distribution, enrichment, and accumulation of Zinc (Zn) in the surface sediments of Salt River mouth, Taiwan, were studied. Results show that samples collected from nine stations near the mouth of Salt River contain 440–1,820 mg/kg of Zn with average of 951±811 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Zn reveals is relatively high in the river mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of pollution. Enrichment factor analysis indicates that the sediments of Salt River mouth were moderately severe enrichment with Zn. Geo-accumulation index analysis indicates that the sediments of Salt River mouth were strongly accumulated with Zn. Base on the comparison with sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), the concentrations of Zn in the sediments of Salt River mouth may cause acute biological damage.

Abstract: The modification process of recycled melamine-formaldehyde(MF) plastic on high-density polyethylene(HDPE) has been studied, and the optimal compounding parameters were obtained by twin extruding system in this paper. The results showed that with increasing of recycled MF plastic in PE, the tensile strength, elongation at break, molding shrinkage and impact strength decreased, the modulus, heat distortion temperature(HDT) and melt flow rate(MFR) increased, which indicates that the addition of recycled MF plastic can improve rigidity, heat resistance, size stability and flowability of HDPE. More importantly, the oxygen index(OI) of HDPE was increased with the addition of recycled MF plastic, which indicates that recycled MF plastic can improve the flame-retardant property of HDPE.

Abstract: Transpiration of plants has an important role in heavy metal absorption. When the transpiration is flourishing, plants accumulate more heavy metals, and its enrichment capability is also stronger.This article reviews the effect of the plant transpiration on hyperaccumulators of heavy metal uptake to lay a solid foundation for further research.

Abstract: The increase of greenhouse gas density due to human activities is a major cause for global warming. It is a universally acknowledged that significant approaches to the slow-down of and adaptability to climate change include vigorously developing carbon sink forestry and increasing forest carbon sink. This paper introduces the development history and research trend of carbon trading, and also discusses the construction process of the ecological service platform for carbon trading. Moreover, it covers the investigation of forest carbon reserves, the design of carbon inventory methods and the set-up of the ecological service platform for forest carbon sink, so as to make rewarding exploration into the realization of sustainable economic and social development.

Abstract: According to the electron transfer principle and the oxygen transfer principle of the coal combustion, a composite catalyst was designed and prepared. The doping of perovskite (CaTiO3), the desulfurizer (ZnO-Zn, Fe(C5H5)2) and the oxidizer (KMnO4) promotes the coal combustion greatly and achieves high combustion efficiency and low polution emissions. When the content of perovskte is 0.5%, the heat of combustion increases by 5%, the ignition temperature is reduced by 70 0C and the solid waste emissions are reduced by 9.36%. The roles of the additives are systematically studied as well.

Abstract: Planning for tourism destinations in order to develop collect useful policies with the aim of qualitative improvement of them has a lot of importance.Tourism destinations should have qualities to provide the conditions for attracting the tourists and accommodating them. Different aspects were considered for improving the quality of tourism destinations that one of the most important ones is the quality of tourism environment. This study evaluated the qualitative indicators of the coastal environment of Ramsar city in a field study through questionnaire tool. To this end, 304 questionnaires were distributed among coastal tourists of Ramsar city, and they were analysed after collecting data. The results of the analysis indicated that the qualitative indicators of coastal environment of Ramsar can be recognized in a specified factors. These factors are; 1. Cleanness, the quality of environment sight and social security 2.Tourism facilities 3. Recreational space and activities for families 4.Access and traffic 5.Welfare services and hospitality. There was also significant relationship between quality factors and satisfaction with tourism environment and probability of returning to the tourism destination.