Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 295-298

Abstract: In this study, the effect of the mineral matter of Huadian (China) Oil Shale on the conversion of organic carbon of oil shale to shale oil. The bioleaching process is taken in a mixed culture of the lithotrophic bacteria Thiobacillus ferrooxidans(Tf). The aim of bioleaching process was to dissolve the inorganic matters and improve the shale oil yield. A series of temperature-programmed pyrolysis operation was performed with raw and bioleached oil shale to find the best retorting temperature, 500oC is the best temperature to retort the oil shale. The oil shale samples were detected by SEM, DG, Fischer assay test, the results show that the surface structure was significantly different from the raw sample, and the shale oil yield improved from 8.9% to 11.7%.

Abstract: Development natural pigment retained a variety of nutrition composition is extremely research value.Water Wax Trees Fruit was as raw materials,citric acid aqueous solution was as extracting agent.Amaranthine pigment extraction method were studied on fully grasping the stability of the natural amaranthine pigment and no damage to the water wax fruit biological activity.The effect of extraction yield were studied on Water Wax Trees Fruit natural amaranthine pigment.The results show that the better extraction conditions are extraction temperature at 70 °C, extraction time for 3h,citric acid concentration1.0 % , the material/liquid ration(g/ml) 1:5.The extraction yield is 2.95%.Ultraviolet absorption maximum wavelength is 280 nm.

Abstract: On the premise of biomass comprehensive using concept, the screw section liquid of aspen APMP was treated by alcohol precipitation method to separate and analyze the hemicelluloses. In the traditional alcohol separation system, not only the effect of the temperature, alcohol dosage, pH value and precipitation time on the hemicelluloses separation was researched, but also the methanol system and alcohol-CPAM system were discussed. The results showed that the hemicelluloses yield was relatively ideal when the AMPM liquid was treated by 2.5 times volume of alcohol at pH of 4.0 at 45°C for 30 min. In addition, compared with alcohol system, the methanol dosage was decreased by about 12% in methanol system and the alcohol dosage was also decreased In the alcohol-CPAM system, when the hemicelluloses yield was similar.

Abstract: The research of hydrogeochemical mechanism of petroleum hydrocarbon in karst fissure groundwater system is important to predict the trend of petroleum hydrocarbons and the change of groundwater environment. We take the karst fissure water system as the research object, where there is a refinery. The variation of SO₄^2-, HCO₃^-, NO₃^-, NO₂^-, HS^- can be used as a hydrogeochemical sign of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution by analyzing the change of water quality parameters before and after karst fissure water contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbon. It has been also analyzed systematically that hydrogeochemical mechanism including desulfurization, denigration and ion exchange happen during the pollution process in the karst fissure water system. It is pointed out that the human activities have a great impact on the groundwater and changes of environment.

Abstract: The effects of the genes of ORF53-55, which code ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport proteins, on daptomycin production were investigated by overexpression. The yield of daptomycin was promoted significantly when either of the genes of ORF53, ORF54 or ORF55 was overexpressed individually or by a combined manner. The results above suggested that the ORF53, ORF54 and ORF55 genes had positive cooperativity in the biosynthesis of daptomycin. The dry weight and sugar utilization of HP-ORF53-55 is significantly improved as compared with the LC-54-16. Based on these results, it was speculated that the genes of ORF 53, 54 and 55 may play an important positive role in the process of reducing sugar transport, which enhanced the cell growth and daptomycin biosynthesis.

Abstract: The influences of water content on corrosion behavior of grounding steel in semi-desertification soil were studied by polarization curve technique and weightlessness method.The tested specimen surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The experiment results show that moisture has a great influence on corrosion of steel,the corrosion rate of 20 steel increased to a maximum at a value and then decreased.To anslysis the formation mechanism of soil corrosion products.

Abstract: The marine symbiotic bacteria strains were isolated from the Antarctic krill (Euphausia superb) samples captured in Antarctica Ocean. The taxonomic identification was then performed. The screening of the bioactivity against nitric oxide (NO) release for the crude extract after the strain fermentation and cell culture extraction were finally carried out. The taxonomic identification analysis showed the strain was very close to Salegentibacter salinus ISL with the similarity value of 94.5% based on 16S rDNA gene sequencing and homology analysis. According to the analysis, this strain was identified as a new strain and nominated as Salegentibacter sp. NJ-102. The bioactivity screening analysis of the culture extract demonstrated the crude extract showed significant inhibitory bioactivity against NO release and the expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the ECV-304 cells.

Abstract: There was varying degrees of correlation between the number of soil microbial and soil physicochemical properties, there existed a significant positive correlation (P<0.05) between the number of soil microbial and soil organic matter, total nitrogen; while there existed a significant negative correlation(P<0.01) between the number of soil microbial and pH, which showed that the salinization was the key factor that affected the distribution of soil microbial quantity.The study on variation of the number of soil microbial and soil physicochemical properties of the four kinds of plant community at WuLiangSuHai wetlands, reveals that: Chenopodiacea (Suaeda glauca Bunge) plots, Zygophyllaceae (Nitraria tangutorum Bobr) plots, Artificial Tamarix plots and Artificial Elaeagnus angustifolia plots. The results showed that: 0-20cm of the topsoil, the soil microbial population of them was different, Bacteria, Actinomycete and Fungi on the Artificial tamarix soil was significantly higher than other plant. The number of microbe in Chenopodiacea (Suaeda glauca Bunge)plots soil was the lowest.

Abstract: Alnus formosana + Hemarthria compressa (A+H), Alnus formosana + Lolium multiflorum Lam (A+L), and Alnus formosana + natural grass (A+N), the comparative analysis of SOC(SOC) content, vertical distribution and seasonal dynamics of the three kinds of forest modes and the response of which to the fertilization suggests that the content of the SOC of the three kinds of forest lands under different herb layer in the soil which has been fertilized and unfertilized respectively are: A+L >A+H >A+N. The results mainly caused by the differences among herb layers. The vertical distribution law of organic carbon is no difference among three kinds of modes that the content of organic carbon would be decreased with the depth of soil layers. However, the reduction rate of organic carbon content in soil layers in the depth 0~20cm is more obvious than in 20~40cm. Fertilization can increase the SOC content, and especially in the shallow surface. The seasonal dynamics of the three kinds of SOC modes are basically same: the SOC content will reach the minimum in autumn, and then it will be gradually increased until the maximum is reached in the next summer. The main characteristic is that the relatively higher content of SOC is presented in spring and summer, which on the contrary in autumn and winter. The seasonal dynamics of SOC is insignificantly influenced by fertilization. For the soil organic content, the A+L is better than the A+H.

Abstract: The plants' sap flow can characterize water transpiration and consumption, reflect water transmission situation and then determine the vegetation ecological water requirement. This paper takes Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix as the research object, adopts thermal diffusion method[1], studies vegetation trunk fluid flow characteristics and the relationship between the meteorological factors. The results show that: (1) Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix's sap flux density are showed obvious diurnal variation rule, there is a "nap" phenomenon. Haloxylon ammodendron's liquid sap flux density of monthly mean performance is July > June >August, and Tamarix is July > August >June. (2) Haloxylon ammodendron's flow start time in cloudy is delayed about 1 ~ 1.5 h or so than in sunny day, and Tamarix is about 0.5 h delay. (3) Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix's fluid sap flux density in each month are significantly related to meteorological factors, through the regression analysis, Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix's trunk liquid sap flux density can make a regression model with meteorological factors.