Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 295-298

Abstract: In this paper, the bagasse was wet stored by hypochlorite bleaching waste water with or without chlorine. The dissolution ability of lignin, total sugar and reducing sugar was investigated. Then the effluent properties with the wet storage time prolonging were tested. The results showed that some small molecular weight substances were dissolved from baggase, such as sugar and lignin. And the dissolution ability of hypochlorite bleaching waste water with chlorine was better than that of hypochlorite bleaching waste water without chlorine. And the change trend of effluent properties for the two wet storage system were similar. With the wet storage time extending, the dissolved substances were degraded, COD and chroma of effluent were decreased, and the properties of effluent were improved.

Abstract: Six compounds were obtained from fermentation broth extract of the marine Streptomycete sp.S11.Their structures were identified to be indole-3-carboxylic acid(1),Ethanone(2),Indole-3-lactic acid(3), p-hydroxybenzonic acid(4),anthranilic acid(5) and Arbutin(6) by spectral methods. The brine shrimp bioassay showed the mortality rates of Arbutin to brine shrimp are 75.8% at a concentration of 10μg/mL, indicating Arbutin possessed significant toxicity on brine shrimp．

Abstract: N-butyl Pyridine Nitrate ionic liquid is prepared by the double decomposition reaction of BPC and NaNO₃. The ionic liquid at room temperature used in the experiment has a significant absorption determined by UV spectrum within the range of 200-400nm, the maximum absorption wavelength of BP-NO₃ ionic liquid is 259nm. The standard working curve of BP-NO₃ ionic liquid is y=0.04555x+0.05604 (R=0.99922). The recovery rate of BP-NO₃ ionic liquid which is between 99.8% and 103.4%, is measured by standard addition method in ethanol.

Abstract: To investigate the effects of biochar on greenhouse soil, three biochar treatments, i.e. 0 t ha-1 (C0), 12.5 t ha-1 (C1) and 25 t ha-1 (C2), were applied to the rhizosphere of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). And the microbial biomass C (MBC), the quantities of the bacteria, fungi, actinomyces, ammonifying bacteria, azotobacter and denitrifying bacteria, pH, oxidation-reduction potential (Eh), and mineral nutrient content were studied. The results indicated that MBC contents with C2 and C1 treatments were significantly (P＜0.01) higher than those with C0 treatment, and the quantities of bacteria, fungi, actinomyces, ammonifying bacteria, azotobacter, and denitrifying bacteria under C1 treatment were 1.06 fold, 2.18 fold, 1.17 fold, 1.47 fold, 2.94 fold and 0.38 fold of those with C0 treatment in rhizosphere of spinach, while those with C2 treatment were 1.25 fold, 2.08 fold, 1.24 fold, 1.41 fold, 4.92 fold and 1.76 fold of those with C0 treatment. The total phosphorus, total carbon, total sulphur, total potassium content, carbon/nitrogen, and Eh with C2 and C1 treatments were higher than in those with C0 treatment. Our results suggest that biochar can be used as ameliorant to improve quantity of microorganisms and physical and chemical properties of greenhouse soil.

Abstract: The halogenated hydrocarbon and pyridine are used in the synthesis of room temperature ionic liquid intermediates chlorinated N-butyl pyridine BPC. We use the double decomposition reaction of BPC and NaNO₃ in acetone for the synthesis of BP-NO3 ionic liquids. We use infrared spectrometer for the struct_{Subscript text}ure characterization, it is proved that we have gotten BP-NO₃ room temperature ionic liquids. Solvent polarity and acid _{Subscript text}alkali both will have a room temperature ionic liquid ultraviolet spectrum diagram happen displacement, so in the ionic liquid and other solvent mixed solution of ultraviolet spectrum diagram, want to indicate the use of solvent. Therefore, solvent polarity and acid alkali both will have an influence on ultraviolet spectrum diagram displacement of room temperature ionic liquid.

Abstract: The role of microbes in fiber degradation and the relations among the microbes in sheep rumen were explored by in vivo elimination of fungi. The experiment was conducted on 6 Mongolian sheep with fistulae approximately 1.5 years old (35kg). The sheep were randomly divided into two groups, treatment group (n=3) and control group (n=3). The rumen fluids were collected from the rumen though fistulae. The results showed that the total numbers of bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria and protozoa in the rumen were significantly increased (P<0.05) after fungus elimination. Among the three main cellulolytic bacteria, the number of R.flavefaciens and F.succinogenes increased significant (P<0.05). Elimination of fungi significantly reduced the degradation of DM, NDF and ADF, and the activity of CMCase in sheep rumen (P<0.05). The number of total rumen bacteria and fungi detected by real-time PCR were about 10 times and 1,000 times higher than that of the traditional anaerobic culture method, suggesting that real-time PCR is superior to the traditional roller tube culture method.

Abstract: The experiment use clinoptilolite powder as main materials to prepare the large specific surface and high porosity spherical compound filter material.Experimental results indicate that compound filter material is used as filter medium in biological aerated filter for wastewater treatment，in the early 5 days the average removal rate of NH3-N was 58.5% in biological aerated filter when the average influent NH3-N concentration was 37 mg/L. At the stably running phase, the average removal ratio and concentration of effluent NH3-N reached 83.51% and 5.81mg/L, when the average concentrations of influent NH3-N was 35mg/L which could meet the first order discharging index of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996).

Abstract: The halogenated hydrocarbon and pyridine are used in the synthesis of room temperature ionic liquid intermediates chlorinated N-butyl pyridine BPC, and the nuclear magnetic resonance instrument and the intermediate infrared spectrometer are used in chemical structure characterization, so it is determined that the synthesis is the room temperature ionic intermediates BPC. We use differential scanning calorimetric method for the determination of BPC melting point and enthalpy change. We use the double decomposition reaction of BPC and NaBF4 in acetone for the synthesis of BP-BF₄ ionic liquids. We use infrared spectrometer for the structure characterization, it is proved that we have gotten BP-BF₄ room temperature ionic liquids. Solvent polarity and acid alkali both will have an influence on ultraviolet spectrum diagram displacement of room temperature ionic liquid, so in the research of ultraviolet spectrum diagram of ionic liquids and other solvent mixed solution, it is necessary to indicate which solvent is used.

Abstract: The aim of this study is to prepare a starch film and analyze its characteristics in different pH condition. Starch has been given great attention and has been actively investigated to be used as coating materials for CRF because of its degradation properties. Once the analysis on the starch characteristics is completed, the reaction rate of the starch can be developed by using Michaelis-Menten equation as reference. The results of the reaction rate are important to help determine the biodegradation kinetics of the starch. It will also assist in determining the conditions needed to produce the starch film in order to reduce the release rate of fertilizer. Throughout this study, the biodegradation kinetics of starch film will be investigated and thus providing a reference for the selection of coating material for the application of CRF while improving agriculture production.

Abstract: In order to understand the impact of acid rain on soil respiration of P. Massoniana, a field study with 3 simulated acid rain levels (pH2. 5, 4. 0 and 6. 0) were conducted. Measurement of soil respiration was made using a LI-8100 soil CO2 emission system, the soil temperature at 10 cm depth also was recorded. Results show that: (1) The soil respiration of P. Massoniana under different acid rain levels fluctuated with distinct seasonal patterns and the soil respiration rate was influenced significantly by soil temperature. The mean rate of soil respiration under pH2.5 level were 1.79μmol m-2s-1, and increased 16% under control level (pH6.0) respectively. The mean rate of root respiration under pH2.5 level were 1.03μmol m-2s-1, and increased 12% under control level (pH6.0) respectively.(2) Significant relationships between soil respiration and soil temperature at 10 cm under different acid rain levels of P. massoniana found, which could be best described by exponential equations. The regression equations had more predicative capability than those using only temperature as a single independent variable. (3) The Q10 (temperature sensitivity coefficient of soil respiration) values at pH2.5, 4.0 levels of P. Massoniana were 1.40, 2.05, respectively. Compared with which at control level, the Q10 values tended to increase.