Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 295-298

Abstract: Aquatic plant, Scirpus triqueter, uptake of PAHs was investigated with test time for periods of 336h. The effect of APG, an environment-friendly surfactant, on the plant uptake and distribution characteristics of PAHs in root and shoot of the plant were detected. Concentrations of phenanthrene and pyrene in the Scirpus triqueter root increased sharply at the early stage and reached the peak at 16 h, but in shoots elevated significantly and reached the peak at 48h. APG did not show any apparent phytotoxity toward the growth of Scirpus triqueter in the test concentration range. APG(≤30 mg L-1) can enhance the root uptake and root concentration factors (RCF) of phenanthrene in plant, whereas APG(>30 mg L-1) may inhibit the PAHs uptake by the plant. Results indicate that the APG would be a preferred selection for the application of surfactant-enhanced phytoremediation and optimal concentration should be determined before the application of APG.

Abstract: The effects of external Carbon-source (both type and C/N ratio) on heterotrophic denitrification were evaluated. Glucose, methanol and ethanol were chose as the C-sources, and the optimal C/N ratio of ethanol was decided as 2 while that of glucose and methanol is 6.5 and 2.5 respectively. Compared with methanol and glucose, ethanol is more efficiency, its average denitrifying rate was 1.2483 mg/g•h.This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.

Abstract: In the biological aerated filter, the number of microorganisms and activity play a key role on the removal of the organic matter. Studying the microbial mass distribution is a useful method for understanding the organic matter degradation mechanism, and it can provide theoretical basis for the operations. Blood count plate was adopted to determine the number of living bacterium, the test results show that attachment biomass of activated carbon reduce with the increase of the height. The biomass and the viable bacterial number counted in the height of 25cm from BAF water level is 15.0 CFU/g·dwC whereas 3.24mg/g·dwc by VAS, which is the largest along the height. Backwashing restored the microbial activity in BAF, after back washing, biomass at different height from25 to105cm are 0.6 mg VAS/g·dwc or so, which is almost similar to filtering beginning.

Abstract: The key rate-limiting step of methane production by dry anaerobic fermentation with straw as main materials is acidication phase, and carbon nitrogen ratio (mC/mN) is major factor in affecting microbial fermentation performance. In this study, a batch test was carried out to investigate the effect of different mC/mN ratio on acidogenic fermentation performance by means of a new medium-temperature complex microbial community LZF-12 with high efficent lignocellulosic degration, which straw and peptone were sole carbon and nitrogen respectively in reaction system. The results showed that flora growth of LZF-12 increased graduately along with the dicrease of mC/mN ratio, especially that the mC/mN ratio reached 5.0, the growth rate of microbial flora was obviously better than that of other mC/mN ratio, and pH revealed similar change trend that finial pH was between 6-7 along with different mC/mN ratio. Analysis of straw weightlessness revealed that substrate degradation rate achieved above 70% at the condition of diffenent mC/mN ratio, and fermentation was typically acetate-type, which main liquid end production were volatile fatty acid (VFA) comprising 90% acetate, butyate and a small amount of ethanol and propionate. This work presents important analysis of fermentation property together with carbon nitrogen scale applicable for biodegradation process of cellulose by complex microbial community LZF-12, and is benefical to technological optimization of dry anaerobic straw fermentation.

Abstract: Furfural is an important chemical in bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis, and applied widely in the petroleum refining process. The separation of furfural from bio-oil was studied by means of resin adsorption. Parameters affected the furfural separation were investigated, including such as the types of resin, feed flow rate, process temperature, and solvent. The separation process was optimized with the maximum yield of furfural of 70.43%.

Abstract: The physical and chemical properties changes of broth in the fermentation process of Phellinus and its mutant strain were studied. The results showed that the mycelia yield of the two strains of Phellinus increased rapidly in the first 6 days and increased slowly 6 days later, the soluble protein content of broth took on an increasing trend, up to 0.15 mg/mL and 0.13 mg/mL respectively, the variation tendency of the content of polysaccharide and viscosities of broth were semblable, that was declined in the initial stage of fermentation and change little in later stage. The physical, chemical properties and viscosities show similarity in both two strains’ broth, therefore, the physical and chemical properties of broth in the fermentation process of Phellinus changed regularly.

Abstract: Trollius Chinensis Bunge, a kind of Ranunculaceae plants, has been widely used in pharmacology, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacy and clinical. Trollius Chinensis Bunge has pharmacological actions, such as anti-bacteria, anti-oxidation, anti-cancer. The preperations of Trollius Chinensis Bunge is effective against tonsillitis, pharyngitis, enteritis etc, and flavonoids are the main active ingredients. In this paper, the extraction, purification, pharmacological actions of flavonoids were reviewed.

Abstract: The article is about extracting the yellow pigment from orange peel with the aid of microwave.It mainly studies the effect of concentration of ethanol,the ratio of material and solution,microwave time,microwave power on the extraction percent of yellow pigment .The Orthogonal experiment shows that the order of factors which influence the extraction rate are microwave time,microwave power and mass concentration of ethanol. The optimized process conditions are mass concentration of ethanol as 85%,the ratio of material and solution as 1:16g/mL,microwave time as 8 minutes,microwave power as 200W,the extraction percent of yellow pigment can be 8.59%.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to establish the optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions of polysaccharides from Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja (PCP) and explore the potential anti-fatigue activity of PCP. The optimum UAE condition through single factor experiments and orthogonal experiment was determined as followings: solid-liquid ratio of 1:25 g/mL, ultrasonic power of 400 W, ultrasound time of 40 min and ultrasound temperature of 60 °C. The forced swimming test was employed to evaluate anti-fatigue activity of PCP, and the results showed that PCP had anti-fatigue activity on mice. It can increase exhaustive swimming time and hemoglobin contents, whilst reducing blood lactate and blood urea nitrogen contents.

Abstract: In this study, the inclusion complex of diosmetin with hydroxypropyl-β- -cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was prepared to improve the water solubility of diosmetin by the solvent method. The content of diosmetin in the complex was determined by UV. And the physicochemical properties of the complex were analyzed by ultraviolet-visible spectrometry (UV), infrared spectrometry (IR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that the physical phase of diosmetin had been changed. It was completely dispersed in HP-β-CD. HP-β-CD and diosmetin were combined by non-covalent bonds.