Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 316-317

Abstract: The electrodes in Unitized Reversible Fuel Cell system with supported platinum carbon black are reported. However, the electrodes in the system is consist two internal modes; it is electrolyzer and fuel cell mode. A Unitized Reversible Fuel Cell has dual function electrodes are joined in the same cell to reduce the volume and improvement efficiency performance. The electrodes of Unitized Reversible Fuel Cells operating on hydrogen and oxygen which have as high as efficiency at most the applications. Therefore, This article is concentrated on the preparation of bifunctional electrodes as design and material with low platinum loading and supported by platinum carbon black and characterization by using scanning electron microscopy. As well as, survey the latest literature on bifunctional electrodes and electrocatalysts to identify the major problems occur in design of the URFC electrodes.

Abstract: As there is a few area or topographic factors for landfill site, the slope angle becomes steeper because it makes much disposal capacity. Tensile force in the geotextile is caused by compaction work of disposed waste, and the tensile force is transferred into the liner system by friction, but the tensile force of liner system will change with a change of slope angle, so it is very important to determine the amount of tensile forces creating at the fixed ends of liner system for avoiding the tearing failure of liner system and designing the anchorage. In this paper, FEM analyses, in which the joint element was used to model the interface between the liner system, were conducted to estimate the tensile forces creating at the fixed ends of liner system with a change of slope angle from 1:2.5 to 1:0.2. The analysis results show that the tensile forces creating at the fixed end of liner decrease as the slope angle increases.

Abstract: A new kind of infrared powder has been prepared to enhance the thermal radiation properties of the lower-heat-storage asphalt concrete. Tests have determined the most suitable ratio of four kinds of transition metal oxides in CM infrared powder, adjusted the sintering process parameters to improve the infrared emissivity, investigated the grain-size effect on its emissivity, and evaluated the thermal radiation properties of the asphalt concrete. The results show that the adding of transition metal oxides can effectively improve the infrared property of CM powder in the wave band from 8μm to 14μm at 25°C. Each sintering process parameter has effect on the infrared emissivity in varying degrees. Besides, the emissivity of infrared powder increases with particle size decreases before the size approaches nanoscale. According to the best mixing proportion and the sintering process parameters adjusted, CM-β infrared powder with average particle size of 18μm is prepared, and its emissivity in the wave band from 8μm to 14μm is 0.044 higher than CM powder. The thermal radiation test shows that the surface temperature of the asphalt mortar mixed with CM-β powder is 3.96°C lower than the one with CM powder.

Abstract: A finite volume method for the numerical solution of viscoelastic flows is presented in this paper. The flow of a differential upper-convected Maxwell (UCM) model fluid through an abrupt expansion has been chosen as a prototype example. The equations are solved using the finite volume method (FVM) in a staggered grid. Stable solutions are found for high Weissenberg number (We), further extending the range of simulations with the FVM. Numerical results show the viscoelasticity of polymer solutions is the main factor influencing sweep efficiency.

Abstract: The carbon dioxide (CO2) emission during the ordinary Portland cement (OPC) manufacturing process is up to about 7.0 % of global manmade CO2. The OPC is also known to have toxic substances. The purpose of current research is to develop an environmentally green and high-ductile fiber low-cement composite (HDFLC) in which the binder is mixed by replacing the amount of the cement of 60% as the ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) with or without using alkali activators. The material and mechanical characteristics of the HDFLC were evaluated experimentally by the slump flow, compression, and direct tension tests.

Abstract: Direct vapor-phase methanol carbonylation, without any methyl iodide in the feed as a promoter, was carried out over NiCl2-CuCl2/HMOR catalysts. The results showed that NiCl2-CuCl2/HMOR catalysts exhibited high activity for methanol carbonylation. The optimum component of the composite catalyst was 5wt% NiCl2 and 15wt% CuCl2. In addition, the effects of reaction pressure and temperature on catalytic performance of 5%NiCl2-15%CuCl2/HMOR catalyst were investigated. It was revealed that methanol conversion of 84.2% and carbonylation selectivity of 73.5% could be obtained under the optimum reaction conditions of P=1.5MPa and T=623K.

Abstract: Adiabatic self-heating tests had been conducted on Dafosi coal. Analysis of the relationship of temperature and reaction rate revealed that the dependence of coal sample temperature on reaction rate can be described by a third order polynomial from 40°C up to 155°C. But at a small interval of temperature, the reaction rate still conforms to the Arrhenius kinetic model. When Arrhenius equation is used to solve the kinetic parameters of the coal spontaneous combustion, the coal temperature should be processed in segment.

Abstract: Solubility and regeneration of garlic straw in [BimiCl and [BimiCl /DMSO dissolution system were examined under 100°C-260°C. The results showed that activation can enhance straw solubility greatly wherein the optimum activation was 0.5%. DMSO can effectively improve the solubility of straw and speed up the dissolution rate ,and the solubility of garlic straw in [BimiCl and [BimiCl /DMSO dissolution system increased with temperature increased and time passed, but the straw began carbonation when temperature exceeded 160°C. The chemical structure of the orihinal and regenerated garlic was analyzed by FT-IRXRD and TGA-DTA ,The ionic liquid could reduce crystallinity effectively and partially dissolve garlic by destructing the iner-and intra-molecular hydrogen bond among lignocelluloses, IL can be reused many times. Keywords: Garlic straw; solubility; IL

Abstract: Effect of Co or Cu slightly introduced in Ni₅₀Mn₃₅In₁₅ on martensitic transformation and magnetocaloric effect was investigated. The small doping of Co can modify exchange interaction between Mn atoms, resulting in the ferromagnetic ordering of the parent phase and a large magnetization difference across the martensitic transformation. For Cu-doped sample, a large was obtained, and gives rise to a large magnetic entropy change of 58.4 J/kg K for 5 T near room temperature accompanying with smaller hysteresis losses. The study on the doping system may have significant impact on realization of room-temperature magnetic refrigeration.

Abstract: In order to experiment study of CO2 laser machining polymer-based microfluidic chip, a laser micro-processing precision experimental table was built. A servo feed system directly driven by linear motor was designed to achieve high speed and high position accuracy. Dual-CPU open CNC system used Industrial Personal Computer(IPC) as master computer and PMAC controller as slave computer was constructed to ensure system real-time control. In order to increase position accuracy of precision table, a forecast model of the linear motor position error was put forward based on LSSVM and error compensation was processed. Research results indicated that the use of radial basis function of the LSSVM could improve linear motor position accuracy.