Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 394

Abstract: The use of bioclimatic principles can reduce energy demands and CO2 emissions in the building sector [1-. Costs are one of the most important barriers to a widespread adoption of the green architecture technologies [4-. The aim of this study is to compare the energy and economic performances of two buildings: a real residential bioclimatic building located in Cinisi (a small town near Palermo, Sicily) and an imaginary residential building supposed having the same geographical location, cubature, shape and orientation as the bioclimatic building but built by conventional building materials. The tools used for this study were TRNSYS and HOMER

Abstract: West China is a typical model of less developed economy, where peasantries depend on fuel woods and straws as one of major living energy resources but energy utilization whereof is low-efficient, triggering a severe squandering. Particularly, at its loess hill areas, a scarcity of living energy resources has relentlessly gripped ecological environment improvement. The study is conducted to estimate the potential and real consumptions in connection with living energy resources for a rural community and further investigating the structure thereof. The results register that an annual average of energy use is 489.5 kgs in standard coal per capita and 2.1 tons in standard coal per 4.2 population household. The study also finds that self-sufficient sources of energy account for 55.0% and developing the use of commercial energy plays a positive role in the transforming of energy composition but adds to economic expenditures on each farming family. A startling discovery is that half of living energy arises from biomass, with coal being in a substantial share, having a negative effect on local ecology. Moreover, those energy resources for cooking and heating purposes, maintaining the basic demand of survival, are highly proportional. Thus, the sampling village is both at a low level in energy utilization and of unsound in its structure. Furthermore, the study finds an alarming waste of power resources, relative to their huge potentials. The study suggests that the village should develop noveltyped energy resources and promote the transformation of its mix for preserving local ecology and building it into a well-being community. Particularly, from the systematology, the study recommends a typical energy engineering of methane production, termed the four-dimension-inone-geometry model, to rural households. These strategies can be applicable to energy engineering construction for other rustic regions.

Abstract: The emerging model of waste disposal, develops an integrated approach based on waste reduction, selection, recycling, energy recovery and residual use of landfill. Here we discuss the fundamentals of a proper planning of waste disposal system, specially the thermal recovery, the integration and the methodological approach, either from the environmental and economic point of view. The growing demand for energy, the resulting environmental problems due to satisfy the demand for energy and the complex-economic system, necessitate the study of new technologies such as energy from municipal solid waste (MSW) obtaining as a result of decrease huge mass of solid waste to sanitary landifill and emissions of landifill gas as (CH⁴ and CO² ). Therefore, we propose to validate a technical, economical and environmental analysis of waste-treatment systems with enphasis on generation of energy. The recovery of heat from a waste-to-energy plant, can make a useful contribution to the city energy needs. Whilst we have been slow to exploit fully this resource in Sicily, economically in urban areas.

Abstract: In this paper, a cable reinforcement structure for small scale horizontal axial wind turbines is proposed. Shock-vibration tests were performed on the cable reinforced structure with different parameters of cable installation. The first order frequency of the blade was chosen to represent the stiffness of the blade rotor. According to the results, an optimum location of cable reinforcement exists at around 1/3 length of the wind turbine blade, and the first order frequency of the blade rotor will rise with the tension of the cable in a certain range. Further analysis showed that besides improving the reliability of the wind turbine rotors, the cable reinforcement structure also provides a possibility to use cheaper materials for blade manufacturing and also control the noise level of small scale horizontal axial wind turbines.

Abstract: Transmission expansion planning has become a complicated procedure more than it was. The rapid growth of the transmission networks and the deregulation has introduced more objectives and uncertainties to the transmission network planners. As a result of that, new approach and criteria that can replace the old ones are needed for TEP problem. The main goal of this process is to locate the additional transmission lines that must be added to meet the forecasted load in the system adequately with minimum cost. There have been several methods applied for this purpose; mathematical optimization methods, heuristic and Meta heuristic methods. This paper reviews the use of Meta heuristic method by the means of differential evolution algorithm (DEA) to solve this multi objective optimization problem. In addition, some suggestions have been made by the author that can make the DEA more efficient and applicable in the real world networks.

Abstract: Aqueduct is a important water conveyance buildings, this paper adopts finite element method to carry out three-dimensional finite element simulation analysis for Songxijiang reinforced concrete rectangle beam-supported aqueduct. Researching variation law of the aqueducts stress and displacement in construction process and operational process. Analysis results show that, structure of Songxijiang reinforced concrete rectangle beam-supported aqueduct is reasonable, force of aqueduct structure is explicit, it meets the requirements for engineering.

Abstract: nverted siphon structure is a common water conveyance buildings, computer as a efficient computational tool is used, this paper adopts finite element method to carry out three-dimensional finite element simulation analysis for Kongzou river trench-buried inverted siphon structure. Deducing variation law of the inverted siphons stress and displacement in construction process and operational process. Analysis results further verified that design scheme is reasonable and safe, it has certain reference value.

Abstract: Through analyzing dry masonry overflow dam structures mechanical characteristics in construction process and operational process, this paper adopts finite element method to carry out simulation analysis for dry masonry overflow dam of Daxilong reservoir. Deducing distribution law of the dams stress and displacement in construction process and operational process. Analysis results show that, dry masonry overflow dam of Daxilong reservoir construction is reasonable, it meets the requirements for design.

Abstract: This paper adopts general finite element software to carry out three-dimensional finite element simulation analysis for Kuankoujinggou reinforced concrete U-shaped aqueduct. Considering five combination cases in aqueducts construction and operational process, researching variation laws of the aqueducts stress and displacement. Analysis results show that design scheme of Kuankoujinggou reinforced concrete U-shaped aqueduct is reasonable, it can meet design requirements. Analysis results provide some theory references for design of reinforced concrete U-shaped aqueduct.

Abstract: This paper adopts universal finite element calculation software to carry out force analysis for Meiliao trench-buried inverted siphon,computer is applied in analysis of trench-buried inverted siphon. Deducing variation law of the inverted siphons stress and displacement in construction process and operational process. The calculation results further shown design schemes rationality and safety. Analysis results show that, force of Meiliao trench-buried inverted siphon structure is explicit, it meets the requirements for design.