Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 440

Abstract: This article is in view of the special trainer which depends on the technology of Scrum rugby movement. It makes training quantified and combines training and monitoring. In close coordination with the coaches, it successfully develops rugby Scrum special strength training of test equipment by combing movement biology mechanics, mechanical design and manufacturing, computer technology, human body engineering and other professional technology. By Real-time observation of athletes technical action of various forces when doing Scrum, it can achieve real-time monitoring, diagnosis, and correction of Scrum training action, in order to achieve Scrum techniques of quantitative and refined training, and to improve football Scrum a better effect. The developed Scrum special training can be used not only in training and scientific research, but can be used in normal training and rehabilitation training.

Abstract: The hardware structure of college students physical activity energy monitor has been designed through the design method of electronic circuit consists of microprocessor module, 3D acceleration sensor module, temperature sensor module, a pulse sensor module, the large capacity memory module, USB interface module, keyboard and LCD display module, the wireless signal transmission module, etc.

Abstract: This paper designs a table tennis training intelligent assessment system. Considering the real-time requirement, placement identification based on Monocular Vision was proposed by using target tracking algorithm, combining with the filter box and probability statistical method. The result shows that the system has the advantage of low time complexity and high accuracy.

Abstract: Safety procedures are explained during lectures in basic diving courses, but these rules are often counterintuitive and difficult to remember; many accidents occur because divers do not put into practice what they have been taught. Problems also occur in discovery dives made by tourists who receive quick instructions and who are accompanied by an instructor. Accident rates are higher during basic courses and discovery dives than they are in other types of recreational diving. A virtual environment (VEST) was developed that simulates the more common accidents, provides feedback when procedures are not followed and shows the death of characters to educate divers about the need to comply with safety procedures and to reduce learning time. Evaluations were conducted with 120 participants. Of these participants, 60 received only theoretical instruction, and 60 received the same instructions, as well as VEST support. A purpose-built virtual environment and questionnaires were used to evaluate learning and behavior. The usability and interfaces were considered to be satisfactory. Volunteers who received lessons and instructions that were supported by the developed VEST exhibited better results than did those who only received theoretical instruction. There was, however, no statistically significant difference between the groups receiving complete and superficial theoretical instruction. The method provided proved efficient, enjoyable and easy to learn and made divers aware of the importance of following safety procedures. The good results achieved by VEST in supporting learning does not necessarily mean that the user will put this learning into practice, but the results do demonstrate that it is a better form of learning than verbal instruction.

Abstract: The method of rope-ladder training can effectively improves the participants' mobile ability and sensitivity, and for playability of the method's practice way makes it easy way to interest the participants. With the introduction rope-ladder training in school, we can help the students sports teams to train and improve their physical quality. In this paper, the design ideas, development process and the key technologies of the rope-ladder teaching assistant system in virtual reality technology are described. The rope-ladder teaching assistant system developed by virtual reality technology can effectively resolve the difficulties in the teaching and break the time and space constraints of sports teaching, and expand the methods of sports teaching which is conducive to the improvement of practice effect.

Abstract: The uniqueness of soccer is that the players are allowed to use their head to pass the ball to a teammate of even try to score goal. Studies have shown that heading in soccer might be dangerous to the brain and could lead to brain trauma. There are headgears available for soccer players to protect their head, but studies have proven that currently available headgears are ineffective in reducing the impact caused by a soccer ball. The objective of this study is to test the efficacy of six different types of impact-absorbing materials in reducing the linear impact force from a soccer ball. The soccer ball was dropped from the height of 2.3 m onto a force platform to measure the impact force. A high-speed camera is used to record the motion and the impact duration, and then the coefficient of restitution for each impact was determined. Polyurethane (PU) comb-gel was found to be the most effective material in reducing the peak impact force and impulse compared with other materials. The reduction in peak force was associated with longer impact duration between the soccer ball and the PU comb-gel. However, the coefficient of restitution was reduced by 21.7%, implying that using the gel alone will reduce the speed of the ball after heading, thus reducing the performance of a player wearing it. A combination of PU gel and another stiffer material is suggested and the effectiveness of the composite will be the subject of future investigation.

Abstract: Conventional methods to obtain foot anthropometry for custom made sports shoes using anthropometer, callipers and measuring tapes are inaccurate due to the complex anatomy and curvature of the instep, foot arc and related joints. They lead to poor repeatability and large variances, particularly when measurements are taken of different people. Measurements from 3D model have been claimed as a perfect tool to obtain anthropometric data. However a commercial 3D foot scanner to create a 3D foot model can be very costly. In this paper we propose a low cost 3D foot scanner system by integrating available image capture technology such as the Kinect®, appropriate 3D scanning software and a foot scanner rig. An experiment was conducted to compare the anthropometry data taken using conventional method and from the 3D model. The differences recorded for all regions were found to be less than 5%, suggesting that the 3D model produced by this method is accurate. The use of 3D scanner has also decreased the measurement duration, thus increasing the repeatability whilst decreasing human errors that normally occur during the measurement process.

Abstract: Based on the products of Ling Xian company in Shen Zhen, by using document research and field research, the essay analyzes the design for stadium with movable seating and its structure which includes: the standard of the design, materials and the base of the seating, fittings, technology applied in the system control, standard of choosing seats, assembling model, data sheet, fast assemble. The essay attempts to analyze its humanized design and the state-of-art products; summarize features and strengths of the design and reach into the conclusion that the system of movable seating is the most advanced and it is highly competitive in the market due to its good value for money.

Abstract: This paper gives introduction of the meaning of green design, as we have to realize all kinds of design should follow the principle of saving energy and emission reduction. Secondly further analysis on sports hoes design under the guidance of green design idea is given, such as style design, design methods and means, the choice of environmental materials and easy matching performance with apparel. And finally this paper concludes that environmental friendly green design products and consumption will become the future markets mainstream orientation.

Abstract: With the help of the grey relational analysis, the purpose of this study was to find the principal factors in the different phases of Mens 100m Dash. Data in the split times (sec) were from 14 results of mens 100m dash in the 12th IAAF World Championships in Athletics at the Olympic Stadium in Berlin, all the results were less or within 10 second, and then subjected to the grey relational analysis. According to the GRG and GRW, the most important factors of 100m dash are phases of high speed (T40~60m; GRG0.9226 and GRW19.24%), transition (T20~40m; GRG0.9132 and GRW19.04%) and maximizing speed (T60~80m; GRG0.9047 and GRW18.86%); the more important factor is the phase of maintaining speed (T80~100m; GRG0.8990 and GRW18.74%); and the less important factors are the phases of the start (RT; GRG0.5551 and GRW11.57%) and acceleration (T0~20m; GRG0.6018 and GRW12.55%). The study indicates the most important running phase is the high speed (T40~60m), but the transition phase (T20~40m) was provided with the more important influence to the course of 100m dash, even than that of maintaining speed phase, which is the most underappreciated phase. Therefore, sprinters need to focus on the phase and take a lot of discipline to improve upon it.