Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 440

Abstract: Significant advantages in weight reduction and increased strength have place advanced aluminum-lithium alloys at forefront of aerospace materials research. These alloys are being developed to fulfill the ever increasing need for high strength, high properties, light weight and cost effective for aerospace industry. Conventional aluminum alloys has long been in service for aerospace application. The addition of lithium to aluminum improves modulus and decrease density compared to conventional aluminum alloys. Atomic weight of lithium is 7 mass units compared to aluminum 23 mass units, hence there is density reduction of about 3% for each weight percent addition of lithium and about 6% increase in Youngs modulus. In principle weight saving for aerospace structural parts could reach up to 15 %. This paper examines effect of lithium addition on properties, physical metallurgy; various phases developed during processing of these alloys. The addition of Lithium to aluminum form coherent, low density Al₃Li (δ^׳) precipitates. However the binary alloys have poor mechanical properties which are attributed to strain localization and shearing of soft Al₃Li (δ^׳) precipitates. This problem has been solved by development of ternary and quaternary alloys containing copper and magnesium. In all aluminum-lithium alloys, small addition of zirconium or scandium is done to improve recrystallization. The new developed aluminum lithium alloys series Al-Li-Cu-X are potential candidate to replace existing conventional alloys in terms of enhanced properties with reduced density.

Abstract: The present paper reports the decay of phosphorescence. Besides its interest for measurement techniques, the knowledge of phosphorescence decay curves is, in itself, of fundamental importance in physics and photochemistry. In point of view of development new functional warning design, which is usable for sportswear and outdoor clothes generally, phosphorescence brings additional impulse for safety improvement. On the basis of phosphorescence spectral effectiveness function was shown effect of different colors of used background on phosphorescence visibility. For instance, the agreement, found in this work, between decay curves, kinetic equations and background reflectance give experimental evidence that the theoretical model for the anisotropy decay approximates to a three-exponential function. This model has a few fitting parameters with well-defined physical meanings as compared to the current empirical one.

Abstract: Objective: Employ a new a method using Microfluidic Cell Chip improve the recognition rate of cells in urine. This method will decrease errors caused by failure to distinguish cell in urine based on the overlapping cell morphology characteristics and cell parameters. Methods: (1) enroll 60 patients respectively of acute glomerulonephritis, acute pyelonephritis and acute cystitis, employ WB-2000 automated urine analyzer to detect 9 kinds of biochemical indexes urine protein, glucose, ketone, uric bilirubin and urobilinogen, nitrite, pH, erythrocytes and leukocytes. (2) Observe the overlap count of erythrocytes and leukocytes in the urine of three groups of patients, and calculate overlap rate of erythrocytes and leukocytes of each group of the patient's respectively. (3) After separating urine cells with Microfluidic Cell Chip technology, test the overlap rate of erythrocytes and leukocytes. Results: (1) The overlap rate of erythrocytes in acute glomerulonephritis patients is 8.53% ~ 8.72%, and the overlap rate of leukocytes is 15.51% ~ 17.18%; The overlap rate of erythrocytes in pyelonephritis patients is 3.64 ~ 4.95%, while the overlap rate of leukocytes is from 8.18 to 9.23%; The overlap rate of erythrocytes in cystitis patients is between 3.85% and 4.53%, and the overlap rate of leukocytes is 8.71% ~ 7.85%; In the glomerulonephritis group, the protein in urine is in the highest levels, the overlap rate of erythrocytes and leukocytes is higher than other groups significantly. (2) the Microfluidic Cell Chip technology can reduce the urinary cells overlap rate of three groups of patients, to levels of 0.22% ~ 0.28%. Conclusion: Microfluidic Cell Chip technology did reduce the overlap rate of erythrocytes and leukocytes in urine samples from patients with three different urinary tract disease.

Abstract: The chemical constituents of the essential oil of Thymus monoglicus Ronn in Bashan mount were analyzed by GC-MS. Fifty seven components were identified representing 90.313% of the oil. The main component was β-caryophyllene (26.351%), followed by 1,8-cineole (11.888%), sabinene (7.810%), trans-β-Farnesene (6.214%), α-terpinrnyl acetate (4.666%), caryophylleneoxide (3.619%) and terpenene-4-ol (3.543%). Bioactivity screening of this oil sample found it showed a slight activity of anti-bacteria on Escherichia coli, Bacillus Subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus (IC₅₀>500 μg/mL).Introduction

Abstract: Medicine, as a special product, is closely related with people's lives and health. Therefore, to ensure the quality and safety of the drug from the point of production to the point of final consumers is of great importance, especially the drugs which require cold storage and refrigerated transport. The quality stability of those drugs is greatly influenced by the fluctuations in temperature, so that a predetermined low temperature environment (usually 10 °C) in the supply chain is needed for the convenience of circulation and usage, in order to ensure quality and safety, to reduce loss and to prevent pollution. The transportation link, which is the most difficult one to control during the circulation of medicine, has long been the dead zone of logistics tracking [. Therefore, the temperature monitoring of drugs has gained more attention. The emergence of RFID technology has become a necessary impetus to solve this problem. RFID technology, which can store large amounts of drug information , is also a kind of data acquisition technology with the ability to update constantly and realize the real-time tracking of drugs.

Abstract: Objective is to study different foot models and their corresponding parameters, provide references for foot segment and give the correct definition for ankle joint angle. Methods: The data were captured and analyzed by Vicon Motion System, and compute the joint angle parameters. Conclusion: The Toe Model is no suit for constructing ankle joint, MidJoint Model only for high equipped motion capture system and Phalange Model should be recommended after verification.

Abstract: Purpose: the purpose of this study was to investigate heart rate variability on exercise training post-cardiac surgery. Method: the data collection was from the Chia-yi Christian Hospital Cardiac Surgery implementation of beating heart coronary artery bypass surgery and valve replacement patients. There were a total of 10 patients included in this study. Cardiac patients after discharge from hospital were the participation of exercise training groups (n=5), and no receiving cardiopulmonary physical therapy of patients was the home-based group (n=5). Statistics: Data analysis was conducted using the SPSS statistical software for Windows 20.0. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used as the statistical method at a significance level (α) of .05. Through statistical analysis and comparison, the results were obtained as below: In HRV time domain portion, SDNN, CV%, results were significant difference. In frequency domain portion, indices such as LF and VHF, results were significant difference. Conclusion: According to the experimental results, the heart rate variability on exercise training better than patients did not participate in sports training after cardiac surgery patient.

Abstract: In this paper, an outer conductor diameter measuring system for coaxial transmission lines are introduced. The structure of pole-distance changing cylinder capacitor sensor probe aperture measuring is analyzed. The signal analysis and control system of the whole measurement system is introduced in detail. The guarding ring technology is used to eliminate edge effect of effective measuring sensor electrode. The operation amplifying transform circuit is used to overcome the nonlinear problem of pole-distance changing sensor. Driving cable technology is adopted to reduce the influence of parasitic capacitance. Through the CCD image centering and grating encoder driven by stepping motor drive system and encoder system X, Y, Z axis precision positioning, in order to realize the long hole in any section of the nanomeasuring diameter; The measuring types of this system is: Φ 0.8 mm, Φ 1 mm, Φ 1.8 mm to Φ 7 mm hole diameter. The resolution is 5nm--20nm, the standard deviation of repeated measurement is 0.05μm--0.1μm. The measurement uncertainty is 2μm0.2μm.

Abstract: As a result of the trend towards lightweight construction in manufacturing, there has been a significant increase in the use of self-pierce riveting (SPR) joints in engineering structures and components. Mechanical structures assembled by SPR are expected to possess a high damping capacity. The aim of this paper is to provide an experimental technique for the investigation of the forced vibration behavior of SPR joints. The dynamic test software and the data acquisition hardware were used in the experimental measurement of the dynamic response of the SPR joints. The frequency response functions of the SPR joints of different rivet number were measured and compared.

Abstract: Laser welding is widely adopted in different industry fields to assemble lightweight structures. Recent research developments relating to finite element analysis of laser welding process is reviewed in this paper. It is concluded that the finite element analysis of laser welding process will allow many different designs to be simulated in order to perform a selection of different system parameters before testing, which would currently take too long to perform or be prohibitively expensive in practice. The main methods used in finite element analysis of laser welding process are discussed and illustrated with brief case studies from the literature.