Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 440

Abstract: A test system for subsea tree equipment is developed for tree function testing after repair. The test system mainly consists of hydraulic unit and electric unit. The hydraulic unit is developed by revamping an old hydraulic power unit, which consist of six components, including reservoir, flush/fill pump circuit, high pressure hydraulic pump circuits, accumulator group, hydraulic supply circuits and fluid return circuit. The electric unit for subsea tree is developed by using NI Compact DAQ system, In order to control the hydraulic unit and acquire the pressure signals easily. The test procedures for flowloops, valve, and hydrostatic hydraulic pressure cycling are proposed based on the factory acceptance testing of subsea tree. A test for a repaired subsea tree is performed by using the developed test system. The results show that the repaired subsea tree is good enough after repair, and verify that the developed test system works well.

Abstract: Flow rate is one of the most important parameters in hydraulic systems. This paper present a non-interposition flow measurement method for hydraulic systems, based on Acoustic Emission (AE) technology, by fixing an AE detector after the bend of the pipelines. The relationships between AE signals and the flow rate were investigated. Results show that the Root-Mean-Squared (RMS) values of the AE signals and AE energy could be used in hydraulic system, for flow measurement under specified system.

Abstract: Modern weapons are usually power-driven by hydraulic system, The reliability of hydraulic systems restricts the reliability of weapons. The research elaborated in this paper is focused on cleaning and suppression equipment, with the aim of implementing a thorough cleaning and maintaining of hydraulic system pipes and checking the pressure. Pipe cleaning and suppression is an essential step to guarantee the reliability of hydraulic system and the service life of hydraulic parts, thus improving the reliability of weapons.

Abstract: Current criteria to judge wheel skid of trains such as velocity difference often cannot recognize wheel skid timely and have no uniform critical value for different trains or railway lines. Aiming at the disadvantages, new criteria based on time series analysis are proposed. With appropriate method of order determination and parameter estimation, AR time series model is established for the data series of velocity difference. Then, Greens function and characteristic equation are constructed with the parameters of the model to determine wheel skid by the convergence state of Greens function or the value of characteristic equations roots. Simulation result shows that the two criteria based on time series model can recognize wheel skid earlier than velocity difference. Moreover, the roots of characteristic equation can also be used as a criterion with a uniform critical value under different application conditions.

Abstract: According to the characteristic formula of planetary gear transmission, by studying the movement and torque transmission of planetary gear mechanism of Automatic Transmission, this paper presents a new method of transmission analysis by use of the matrix. The method established the mathematical model about the coupling form and shift constraint and torque transmission between the planetary lines based on matrix theory. It is generally applicable to the movement and torque calculation of complex planetary gear mechanism.

Abstract: Uninterrupted power supply through electrical grid is not possible for many remote areas like dense forest, hill areas, and deserts. The objective of the proposed work is to generate stand alone electricity using steam powered gravity assisted SP system for remote WSN applications. The proposed design drives the generator by triggering gravity force using steam powered cylinders with high thermal efficiency. The proposed SP system is used to recharge the battery systems of UAVs in remote sites thereby the UAVs are further used to recharge the remote wireless sensor nodes using laser beam transmissions.

Abstract: This paper deals with the experimental investigation of a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine system. The main objective of this research work is to study the effects of a premixed fuel ratio on the performance, combustion characteristics and reduction of oxides of nitrogen and smoke intensity, using the HCCI concept. The engine used for the experiments was of a Kirloskar TAF-I series. The engine is a four stroke, single cylinder air cooled diesel engine, of a rated power of 4.4 kW loaded with an electrical dynamometer. An electronic fuel injection circuit was developed to control the ignition timing and duration of the premixed charge. Ethanol was premixed, and a part injected before ignition, whereas the diesel fuel was injected by the conventional injector directly into the cylinder. The part injected ethanol and direct injected diesel were tested in various proportions, to optimize the operating range, and the same setup was tested with various % of EGR.The obtained results include data plots illustrating the performance, combustion and emission characteristics. The results indicate that the concentration of the oxides of nitrogen species rapidly decreased, and the smoke emissions were reduced simultaneously at 20% R_p and 20% EGR in 75% load and full load conditions.

Abstract: Photochromism is a chemical process in which a compound undergoes a reversible change between two states having separate absorption spectra, i.e. different colors. The change of color in one direction occurs under influence of electromagnetic radiation, usually UV light, and in the other direction by altering or removing the light source or alternatively by using thermal means. Based on photochromic pigment we developed simple textile sensor sensitive to UV light, which is usable for visual indication of intensity UV-A radiation. Main attention was given to colorimetric properties of photochromic textiles during decay phase of photochromic color change, such as saturation change and fatigue resistance.

Abstract: Purpose: the purpose of this study was to compare the difference of the oil-water retained rate between different style plates. Methods: An ordinary commercial plate and the patented new health plate were used in the same meal program, and the oil-water retention were calculated for each meals. Results: Oil-water retention in patented dish was significantly more than the ordinary plate. Conclusions: Patented new plate has designed an additional V-shaped grooves which can keep more oil and water stay in the plate, and this new plate can fix vegetable, fruit, protein in the proportion to be a balanced and healthy diet. New plate not only can reduce oil-water in the dish and the proportion of food can clearly teach student s to understand and develop good control their diet behavior.

Abstract: The welding of dissimilar materials finds a wide variety of applications in the fields of industrial construction and manufacturing, where the characteristic features of the different materials are optimized for the desired application to result in cost effectiveness and value addition. Non-fusion welding methods such as solid state welding and high energy beam welding are more popular for welding dissimilar metal combinations, due to fewer complications, than fusion welding, which melts the base metal and forms brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) that may lead to failure. Various factors have to be considered when assessing the feasibility of welding dissimilar metals and producing a sound weld joint. This paper presents a broad classification of the most commonly used welding processes for dissimilar materials, discusses some of the commonly used welding processes with examples of some common material combinations, critical factors for good welding, and practical difficulties arising from the physical and chemical properties of materials. From the findings, it can be inferred that continuous improvement and research is still required in the field of dissimilar metal welding, particularly in the light of increasing demand for tailored material for modern engineering and industrial applications.