The Research of Biochar Adsorption on Soil

Abstract:

This article discusses biochar adsorption and its effects on soil and discusses the future trends in this area. The large surface area, and many oxygen-containing functional groups of biochar determined by the feedstocks and the condition in pyrolysis affect the capacity of biochar to adsorb fertilizer, water, heavy metals and organic pollution. With enriched porous structures, biachar can increase the porosity and water retention capacity of soils. With the functional groups and the composition, biochar have a high adsorption capacity for fertilizer, heavy metals, organic pollutants. This paper provides an overview on the biochar sorption in fertilizer, heavy metals and organic pollutants in soil and its implication for soil to keep soil fertilizer as a controlled-released carrier and to improve soil environments as landscaping organic mulch, as well as for remediation of contaminated soils. Further research directions are identified to ensure a safe and sustainable use of biochar as a soil amendment.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volumes 448-453)
• Pages: 417-424
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.448-453.417
• Online since: October 2013
• Authors: Jie Chen, You Yang Wang, Jun Hui Wu*, Hui Ping Si, Kai Yan Lin
• Keywords: Biochar Sorption, Heavy Metal Pollutions, Organic Contaminants, Soil Fertility

References

[1] Major J., Steiner C., D, Tommaso A., Falco N.P.S., Lehmann J., : Weed composition and cover after three years of soil fertility management in the central Brazilian Amazon: compost, fertilizer, manure and charcoal applications. Weed Biology and Management vol(5): 69-76. (2005).

DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-6664.2005.00159.x

[2] Steiner C., Das K.C., Garcia M., Forster B., Zech W.: Charcoal and smoke extract stimulate the soil microbial community in a highly weathered xanthicferralsol. Pedobiologia-International Journal of Soil Biology 51, 359-366. 90. (2000).

DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2007.08.002

[3] Yang Y, Hunter W, Tai S, Crowley D, Gan J.: Effect of activated carbon on microbial bio-availability of phenanthrene in soil. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 28: 2283-2288. (2009).

DOI: 10.1897/09-081.1

[4] Lehmann, J., Joseph, S.,: Biochar for environmental management: an introduction. In: Lehmann, J., Joseph, S. (Eds. ), Biochar for Environmental Management: Science and Technology. Earthscan, London, pp.1-12. (2009).

DOI: 10.4324/9780203762264

[5] Sohi, S., Lopez-Capel, E., Krull, E., Bol, R.: Biochar, Climate change and soil: a review to guide future research, in CSIROL and Water Science Report series ISSN: 1834-6618. (2009).

[6] Lehmann, J., Matthias C. Rillig: Biochar effects on soil biota-A review. Soil Biology& biochemistry 43, 1812-1836. (2011).

DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.04.022

[7] Liang B, Lehmann J, Solomon D, et al.: Black carbon increases cation exchange capacity in soils[ J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 70 (5): 1719-1730. (2006).

DOI: 10.2136/sssaj2005.0383

[8] GUNDALE M J, DELUCA T H.: Temperature and source material influence ecological attributes of ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir charcoal[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 231: 86-93. (2006).

DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2006.05.004

[9] AMONETTE J E, JOSEPH S.: Characteristics of Biochar: microchemical properties [C] /LEH- MANN J, JOSEPH S, eds. Biochar for Environmental Management Science and Technology. London: Earthscan, 33-52. (2009).

[10] Schmidt, M.W.I., Noack A.G. ：Black carbon in soils and sediments: analysis, distribution, implication, and current challenges. Global Biogeochemical Cycles(14), 777-793. ( 2000).

DOI: 10.1029/1999gb001208

[11] ALEXIS M A, RASSE D P, RUMPEL C, et al. Fire impact on C and N losses and charcoal production in a scrub oak ecosystem[J]. Bio-geochemistry, 82: 201-216. ( 2007).

DOI: 10.1007/s10533-006-9063-1

[12] YUAN J H, XU R K.: The amelioration effects of low temperature biochar generated from nine crop residues on an acidic Ultisol[J]. Soil Use and Management, 27: 110-115. ( 2011).

DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-2743.2010.00317.x

[13] Lehmann J, Gaunt J, Rondon M. : Biochar sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems-A review [J]. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, vol. (11)：403-427. ( 2006).

DOI: 10.1007/s11027-005-9006-5

[14] 16. Demirbas, A.: Producing bio-oil from olive cake by fast pyrolysis. Energy Sources 30(Part A), 38-44. (2008).

DOI: 10.1080/00908310600626747

[15] Lehmann J, Gaunt J, Rondon M.: Biochar sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems-A review [J]. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, vol. (11)：403-427. ( 2006).

DOI: 10.1007/s11027-005-9006-5

[16] WU Cheng, ZHANG Xiao-li, LI Guan-bin. ：Effects of pyrolytic temperature of phenanthrene on its adsorption to black carbon[J]. China Environmental Science, 27（1）：125-128. (2007).

[17] YUAN J H, XU R K： Progress of the research on the properties of biochars and their influence on soil environmental functions [J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 20（4）： 779-785. (2011) (In chinese).

[18] YUAN J H, XU R K, ZHANG H.: The forms of alkalis in the biochar produced from crop residues at different temperatures[J]. Bio-resource Technology, 102: 3488-3497. (2011).

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.018

[19] FUERTES A B, CAMPS ARBESTAIN M, SEVILLA M, et al. Chemical and structural properties of carbonaceous products obtained by pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization of corn stover[J]. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 48: 618-626. ( 2010).

DOI: 10.1071/sr10010

[20] ÁBREGO J, ARAUZO J, SÁNCHEZ J L, et al.: Structural changes of sewage sludge char during fixed-bed pyrolysis[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 48: 3211-3221. (2008).

DOI: 10.1021/ie801366t

[21] FU P, HU S, XIANG J, et al.: Pyrolysis of maize stalk on the characterization of chars formed under different devolatilization conditions[J]. Energy and Fuels, vol. 23: 4605-4611. ( 2009).

DOI: 10.1021/ef900268y

[22] Gao H Y, He X S, Geng Z C, She D, Yin J Y et. al.: Effects of Biochar and Biochar-based Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soil Water-holding Capacity[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 27(24): 207-213. (2011).

[23] Zhou Z H, Li X Q et. al.: Effect of Biochar Amendment on Nitrogen Leaching in Soil[J]. Earth and environment, 39(2): 278-231. ( 2011) (In chinese).

[24] Lehmann J.: Biochar stability and stabilization in soil/Soil Science: Confronting New Realities in the 21st Century. Bangkok：7th World Congress of Soil Science. ( 2002).

[25] Kimetu J M, Lehmann J. Stability and stabilization of biochar and green manure in soil with different organic carbon contents[J]. Australian Journal of Soil of Research, 48(7): 566-585. ( 2010).

DOI: 10.1071/sr10036

[26] Novak J M, Busscher W J, laird D L, et al.: Impact of Biochar Amendment on fertility of Southeastern Coastal Plain Soil[J]. soil science , 174(2): 105-112. (2009).

DOI: 10.1097/ss.0b013e3181981d9a

[27] Lu H, Zhang YY, Huang X, Wang S, Qiu R: Relative distribution of Pb 2+ sorption mechanisms by sludge-derived biochar. WatRes 46: 854-862(2012).

DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.11.058

[28] YANG Yaning, Sheng Guangyao.: Enhanced Pesticide Sorption by Soils Containing Particulate Matter from Crop Residue Burns[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 37(16): 3635-3639. ( 2003).

DOI: 10.1021/es034006a

[29] BEESLEY L, MORENO-JIMÉNEZ E, GOMEZ-EYLES J L: Effects of biochar and green waste compost amendments on mobility, bio-avail ability and toxicity of inorganic and organic contaminants in a multi-element polluted soil[J]. Environmental Pollution, 158: 2282-2287. ( 2010).

DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.02.003

[30] Asai H, Samson B K, Stephan, HM, et al.: Biochar amendment techniques for upland rice production in Northern Laos 1. Soil physical properties, leaf SPAD and grain yield [J]. Field Crops Research, 111(1/2): 81-84. ( 2009).

DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2008.10.008

[31] Han Wei, Wang Y J, Chen J H, et al.: Application of Modified Nano-Particle Black Carbon for The Remediation Of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution[J]. China Environmental Science, 29 (4). ( 2009).

[32] Namgay T, Singh B, Singh BP: Influence of Biochar Application to Soil on the Availability of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn to maize (Zeamays L. ). J Aust Soil Res 2010(48): 638-647. (2010).

DOI: 10.1071/sr10049

[33] Lehmann J，Gaunt J，Rondon M.: Biochar sequestration interrestrial ecosystems-a review.

[34] Hua L, Chen Y X, Wu W X.: Effect of Bio-charcoal on the Trans of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil-Plant System with Composted Sludge Application [J]. Environment Science, 30 (8). (2009).

[35] SHI M, Hu L C, et. al.: The Influence of Bio-char Inputting on the Adsorption of Phenanthrene by Soils and by Maize Seedlings. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 30(5): 912-916. ( 2011).

[36] Yu X Y, Ying G G, Kookana R S.: Sorption and desorption behaviors of diuron in soils amended with charcoal. J Agric Food Chem. 54: 8545-8550. ( 2006) (In chinese).

DOI: 10.1021/jf061354y

[37] WANG T T, Yu X Y, Chen Y, et al. ：Impact of Biochar Amendment on the Sorption and Dissipation of Chlorantraniliprole in Soils. Environmental Science , 33 (4), 1339-1344. ( 2012)(In chinese).