The Influence of Electrical Resistivity Array on its Soil Electrical Resistivity Value

Abstract:

Electrical resistivity technique has become a popular alternative tool by the geotechnical engineers in subsurface investigation. This study presents the influence of soil electrical resistivity value (ERV) due to the different types of electrical resistivity array used in practice. The dissimilarity of ERV was become a popular debate by the engineers which posses less fundamental knowledge in this area. In the past, the theory of electrical resistivity technique was less being discovered by the engineer which creates lots of black boxes during the utilization of electrical resistivity method (ERM) in engineering purposes. Hence, the result which produced from the ERM was difficult to deliver in a sound of definitive ways due to lack of knowledge and experienced of most engineers. Hence, this study presents the influence of soil ERV due to the different types of array used with particular reference to as Dipole-dipole and Pole-dipole. A line of electrical resistivity imaging was performed on small embankment of sandy and lateritic soil with different types of array using ABEM SAS (4000) equipment. Three in line of soil samples were tested for moisture content (w) test immediately after the electrical resistivity data acquisition was completely measured. Moreover, particle size distribution test also was performed for all soil samples in order to support the findings. It was found that the ERV was never be the same for each types of array used even on the same particular location of the survey line. However, it was found that there was a consistent relationship between ERV and moisture content for both types of soil tested which can be represent by ERV 1/w. Hence, it was found that ERV produced was relative to the types of array used during the field measurement. Each types of array were applicable to be used in subsurface profiling and its selection was subjected to the target of interest.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volume 510)
• Pages: 185-192
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.510.185
• Online since: February 2014
• Authors: Mohd Hazreek Zainal Abidin, Rosli Saad, Devapriya Chitral Wijeyesekera, Fauziah Ahmad, Nur Azwin Ismail
• Keywords: Array, Dipole Dipole, Moisture Content, Pole Dipole, Soil Electrical Resistivity

References

[1] C.R.I. Clayton, M.C. Matthews, and N.E. Simons: Site Investigation (Blackwell Science Ltd, 1995).

[2] M.H.Z. Abidin, F. Ahmad, D.C. Wijeyesekera, R. Saad, and M.F.T. Baharuddin, in: Soil Resistivity Measurements to Predict Moisture Content and Density in Loose and Dense Soil. Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 353-356, pp.911-917 (2013).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.911

[3] A. Godio, C. Strobbia and, G. De. Bacco, in: Geophysical Characterisation of a Rockslide in an Alpine Region, Engineering Geology, Vol. 83, pp.273-286 (2006).

DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2005.06.034

[4] H.J. Mauritsch, W. Seiberl, R. Arndt, A. Römer, K. Schneiderbauer, and G.P. Sendlhofer in: Geophysical Investigations of Large Landslides in the Carnic Region of Southern Austria, Engineering Geology, Vol. 56, pp.373-388 (2000).

DOI: 10.1016/s0013-7952(99)00120-9

[5] R. Khatri, V.K. Shrivastava and R. Chandak, in: Correlation between Vertical Electric Sounding and Conventional Methods of Geotechnical Site Investigation. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Sciences and Technologies, Vol. 4, pp.042-053 (2011).

[6] C. Liu, and J.B. Evett: Soils and Foundation (Pearson International, Singapore 2008).

[7] P. Cosenza, E. Marmet, F. Rejiba, Y. Jun Cui, A. Tabbagh and Y. Charlery. Correlations between geotechnical and electrical data: A case study at Garchy in France. Journal of Applied Geophysics, Vol. 60, pp.165-178 (2006).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2006.02.003

[8] R. Saad, N.M. Muztaza, and E.T. Mohamad, in: The 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) Study for Civil and Geotechnical Engineering Purposes. Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 16, pp.1537-1545, (2011).

[9] Z. Jusoh, Application of 2-D Resistivity Imaging and Seismic Refraction Technique in Subsurface Investigation for Civil Engineering, M.S. thesis, Sch. Physics, Science Univ., Penang, Malaysia (2010).

[10] K.A.N. Adiat, M.N. Nawawi, and K. Abdullah, in: Assessing the Accuracy of GIS-based Elementary Multi Criteria Decision Analysis as a Spatial Prediction Tool – A case of Predicting Potential Zones of Sustainable Groundwater Resources. Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 440–441, pp.75-89 (2012).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.03.028

[11] R. Saad, M.N.M. Nawawi, and E.T. Mohamad, in: Groundwater Detection in Alluvium Using 2-D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT). Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 17, pp.369-376 (2012).

[12] U. Hamzah, A.R. Samsudin, and E.P. Malim, in: Groundwater investigation in Kuala Selangor using vertical electrical sounding (VES) surveys. Environmental Geology, Vol. 51, pp.1349-1359 (2007).

DOI: 10.1007/s00254-006-0433-8

[13] U. Hamzah, R. Yaacup, A.R. Samsudin, and M.S. Ayub, in: Electrical imaging of the Groundwater Aquifer at Banting, Selangor, Malaysia. Environmental Geology, Vol. 49, pp.1156-1162 (2006).

DOI: 10.1007/s00254-005-0160-6

[14] M.F.T. Baharuddin, S. Taib, R. Hashim, M.H.Z. Abidin, and M.F. Ishak, in: Time-lapse resistivity investigation of salinity changes at an ex-promontory land: a case study of Carey Island, Selangor, Malaysia. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Vol. 180, pp.345-369 (2011).

DOI: 10.1007/s10661-010-1792-x

[15] A.R. Samsudin, A. Haryono, U. Hamzah, and A.G. Rafek, in: Salinity mapping of coastal groundwater aquifers using hydrogeochemical and geophysical methods: a case study from north Kelantan, Malaysia. Environmental Geology, Vol. 55, pp.1737-1743 (2008).

DOI: 10.1007/s00254-007-1124-9

[16] A.R. Samsudin, B.E. A Rahim, W.Z.W. Yaacob, U. Hamzah, in: Mapping of contamination plumes at municipal solid waste disposal sites using geoelectric imaging technique: Case studies in Malaysia. Journal of Spatial Hydrology, Vol. 6 no, 2 (2006).

[17] R. Saad, I. Adli, and A.S. Mohamad, in: The Study of Iron Ore Prospect using 2-D Resistivity and Induced Polarization (IP) Method. Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 17, pp.2981-2988 (2012).

[18] R. Saad, M.M. Saidin, N.M. Muztaza, N.A. Ismail, and N.E.H. Ismail, in: Subsurface Study Using 2-D Resistivity Imaging Method for Meteorite Impact at Bukit Bunuh, Perak. Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 16, pp.1507-1513 (2011).

DOI: 10.1063/1.4914240

[19] M.H.Z. Abidin, D.C. Wijeyesekera, F. Ahmad, and R. Saad, in: Integral Analysis of Laboratory and Field Electrical Resistivity Value for Soil Moisture Content Prediction - Soft Soil Engineering International Conference, (2013).

DOI: 10.7763/ijet.2013.v5.652

[20] W.M. Telford, L.P. Geldart, and, R.E. Sheriff: Applied Geophysics (Cambridge University Press, 1990).

[21] M.H. Loke, I. Acworth, and T. Dahlin, in: A comparison of smooth and blocky inversion methods 2-D electrical imaging surveys. Explor Geophys, Vol. 34, No. 3, p.182–187 (2003).

DOI: 10.1071/eg03182

[22] Methods of Test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes, British standard 1377: (1990).

[23] Y. Jung, Y. Lee, and Ha, H. in: Application of Electrical Resistivity Imaging Techniques to Civil and Environmental Problems. Use of Geophysical Methods in Construction (2000).

DOI: 10.1061/40521(296)4

[24] K. Knödel, G. Lange, H.J. Voigt and K. Seidel, in: Direct Current Resistivity Methods Environmental Geology, Springer Berlin Heidelberg (2007).