Effect of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil on Mixture Formation and Emission of Burner Combustion

Abstract:

Stringent emissions regulations and increasing concern on greenhouse emissions are challenging the researcher to find the alternative fuels like biomass and biodiesel. However, the main issue biodiesel fuel (BDF) from waste cooking oil (WCO) is high toxic emission of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) in burning process of burner combustion. Thus, the emulsification concept of BDF and water mixing were studied with focusing in controlling of combustion process especially during early stage combustion in order to minimize the harmful emission. This main purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of biodiesel fuel from waste cooking oil on mixture formation and emission in burner system. The mixture formation behavior of BDF-water-air premixing was investigated due to this spray characteristics will contribute in combustion process that predominantly influence to the NOx and PM emission production. Blending of biodiesel ratio was varied from 5vol%(WCO5)-15vol%(WCO15). Water content under emulsified biodiesel was varied up to 15 percent, and equivalence ratio from 0.6 to 2.0. The real spray image of emulsified WCO fuel and different equivalence ratio were captured by optical visualization system together with color digital camera. The images of the spatial distribution of WCO fuel-water-air mixing will be further analyzed compared with the exhaust emission production in order to understand the influences of mixture formation on combustion process and burning process. Increased of water content, promoted fuel-air premixing and spray tip penetration thus predominantly influences to the reduction the exhaust emissions.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volume 607)
• Pages: 620-624
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.607.620
• Online since: July 2014
• Authors: Amir Khalid*, Latip Lambosi, M.M. Lokman, Bukhari Manshoor, Izzuddin Bin Zaman, Azwan Sapit, Shahrin Hisham Amirnordin
• Keywords: Biodiesel, Burner Combustion, Flame Development, Mixture Formation, Optical Visualization, Waste Cooking Oil (WCO), Water Emulsion

References

[1] S. Jaichandar and K. Annamalai. The Status of Biodiesel as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engine. Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment. 2011. 2: 71-75.

[2] Amir Khalid. Effect of Ambient Temperature and Oxygen Concentration on Ignition and Combustion Process of Diesel Spray". Asian Journal of Scientific Research 6 (3), 2013. pp.434-444.

DOI: 10.3923/ajsr.2013.434.444

[3] Amir Khalid, N. Tamaldin, M. Jaat, M. F. M. Ali, B. Manshoor, Izzuddin Zaman, Impacts of Biodiesel Storage Duration on Fuel Properties and Emissions", Procedia Engineering 68(2013) 225 – 230, Elsevier, (2013).

DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2013.12.172

[4] Syahrullail, S., Azwadi, C.S.N., Ing, T.C., 2011. The metal flow evaluation of billet extruded with RBD palm stearin. International Review of Mechanical Engineering, Volume 5, Issue 1, Pages 21-27.

[5] Y. Kidoguchi et al. Improvement of Emissions and Burning Limits in Burner Combustion using an Injector on the Concept of Fuel-water Internally Rapid Mixing, European Combustion Meeting, (2011).

DOI: 10.17265/1934-8975/2014.01.002

[6] Tiong, C.I., Azli, Y., Abdul Kadir, M.R., Syahrullail, S., 2012. Tribological evaluation of refined, bleached and deodorized palm stearin using four-ball tribotester with different normal loads. Journal of Zhejiang University: Science A, Volume 13, Issue 8, Pages 633-640.

DOI: 10.1631/jzus.a1200021

[7] Amir Khalid and Bukhari Manshoor, Analysis of Mixture formation and Flame Development of Diesel Combustion using a Rapid Compression Machine and Optical Visualization Technique, Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 315(2013).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.315.293

[8] Parekh P R, Goswami J. Emmision and Performance of diesel engine using WCO Biodoesel blend and review. Journal of Engineering Research and Studies. (2011). E-ISSN0976-7916.

[9] Yaakob. Z, Mohammad. M, Alherbawi. M, Alam. Z, Sopian.K. Overview of the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil. Reneable and sustainable energy reviews. 2012, 89(1): 1-16.

DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.10.016

[10] Amir Khalid, Shahrul Azmir Osman, Md Norrizam Mohamad Jaat, Norrizal Mustaffa, Siti Mariam Basharie, B. Manshoor, Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Diesel Engine Fuelled by Biodiesel Derived from Palm Oil, Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 315(2013).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.315.517

[11] T. Yatsufusa et al., Advantage of Using Water-Emulsified Fuel on Combustion and Emission Characteristics, " European Combustion Meeting, 2009, p.2–7.

[12] Aarjun B. Chhetri, K. Chris Watts and M. Rafiqulislam. Waste cooking oil as an alternate feedstock for biodiesel production. 2008. (1): 3-18.

DOI: 10.3390/en1010003

[13] Amir Khalid, Keisuke Hayashi, Yoshiyuki Kidoguchi , Tomoaki Yatsufusa. Effect of Air Entrainment and Oxygen Concentration on Endothermic and Heat Recovery Process of Diesel Ignition, 2011 SAE/JSAE International Powertrains, SAE Paper No. 2011-01-1834, (2011).

DOI: 10.4271/2011-01-1834