Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 613

Abstract: The study determines the most suitable pattern of alignment and fixing of low-rigidity shafts; it also presents factors that determine such choice. The part is fixed both by force closing and kinematic closing. A new method for machining low rigidity shafts is developed to control the elastic-deformable state of these shafts in a technological system and to produce parts with the required accuracy during turning. To implement this new developed method for low rigidity shafts, an apparatus is designed. The apparatus allows to increase the rigidity of shafts during machining by the application of axial tensile force to the workpiece. Rational prime costs of preparing technological alignment centers at the stage of production preparation are determined; knowing these costs, it is possible to select a suitable machining technology for low rigidity shafts, to produce a technology-oriented design, and to reduce the costs of machining these shafts.

Abstract: The exchange of data between systems is a very complex process. This is the resultant of a huge variety of communication tools, the differences in the systems' structure, data storage, etc. Therefore, integration of systems - highly desired by businesses - becomes equally important challenge as the possession of the systems. Systems integration, however, is responsible only for the exchange of information. Wider notion from integration is interoperability. Treated as a systems property, allows not only to exchange information but also mutual understanding between them. The paper presents the concept of middleware application that could provide the interoperability of enterprise systems. The application structure was based on three aspects: the transformation, completeness verification and validation of data that can be exchanged between ERP and MES systems. Each of these aspects is discussed in this paper. The application uses a unified model of data based on a dedicated language B2MML.

Abstract: This article discusses the use of machine optical vision in the control of tip of welding electrodes for resistance spot welding. The aim of the research was carried out to design a fully functioning device for the assessment of immediate functional area of dimensional quality welding tip using the visualization process. The main objective of this work was the proposal of sensing device which satisfies the conditions of functionality, high precision, rapid assessment, reliability, minimum dimensions, production costs and maintenance costs. The launch of the device is the ability to reach a comprehensive solution in production, such as planning the appropriate exchange of tips electrodes, evaluation of area before and after renovation. The output is to ensure a longer lifetime of tips thereby reducing production costs.

Abstract: The work describes the application of hot gas powder sintering using robotic positioning system with special equipment, designed for this new way of manufacturing technology. Material used for this type of sintering is recycled dust portion of PET plastics, which proposes potential possibility of costs reduction for this kind of production technology, which is focused on the use unusable materials. This opens new potential trends in robotics application, even in a new technology, suitable for rapid prototyping in mechanical engineering. It is sintering of the plastics powder using hot gas, usually nitrogen or any inert gas, to propose the best material structure without any deformation.

Abstract: Conventional technology are also today the main technology used for production of parts in mechanical engineering industry. In every machine shop we can see turning machines, milling machines, drilling machines and others. These machines are generally controlled by computers. But the modern production lines and production companies use also innovative technology to make production more effective, faster, less expensive. With regards of mentioned factors is possible to use also rapid prototyping technology, which can help in product developing, prototype creating but also in short-run or middle series production. Rapid prototyping technology include different techniques for product creation, using different procedures leading to various outputs. The final product can be made from various materials and parts can be used for several applications.

Abstract: The present paper work shows the efforts of the research group from University of Oradea on the introduction into the educational program at all the levels (bachelor, master and PhD) of the newest method of the machine tool study. By these methods is need to understand the educational stages ( engineering for constructive parts, the machining on CNC milling centre up to 5 axes simultaneous, machining of very complexes parts, the programming of the CNC units, the using of the most advanced CAM software, the programming of the robots into the flexible manufacturing cell, etc.). On the other hand we include here the research activity about the improvement of the performances of the entire flexible cell from University of Oradea laboratory by increasing of the technological experiences. It is necessary to mention that the UO-01 flexible manufacturing cell, based on the horizontal milling centre TMA-AL 550, both were developed by own efforts (retrofitting) at University of Oradea in our faculty (Faculty of Management and Technological Engineering) having the contribution of our research group. The entire concept of these new methods is based on virtual simulation into the 3D space of the functioning in real time of all the components at every technological case. For these targets all the components were modeled at 1:1 ratio in 3D space, including the movements of their movable parts.

Abstract: The article deals with the simplified calculation of the stiffness of the eccentric press frame. The described method applies to the solving of problem a mathematical identification of condition parameters in the press frame the transfer matrix method (TMM), which is in essence a matrix form of initial parameters method. This method is suitable for mechanical systems with continuously distributed mass in space while the cross-sections along the entire length of the system are not constant.

Abstract: The proposed paper deals with two main ideas. The first is focused on design and realization of CNC engraving machine prototype where are described the principles of its mechanical construction focused on measurements of an electromagnetic diamond percussion tool prototype used for stone engraving describing its basic features and potential applications. The paper includes also chapters about electrical connections design and software/firmware implementation. The second part presents design and implementation of new algorithm for searching the shortest path connecting all bitmap pixels that need to be engraved with respect to specific constraints given by hardware of bitmap CNC engraver. New algorithm considered as a heuristic approximation of Hamiltonian shortest path was implemented and tested on a real prototype of a bitmap CNC engraver. Results of experiments are listed. Concerning a set of 17 real-life bitmaps, the new algorithm saves from 7% up to 17% of overall engraving time compared to original line-by-line tool path.

Abstract: This paper describes attributes of newly designed variant approach of computer support system of technological preparation of production. Knowledge system for automation of production of technological documentation was developed for technology of surface processing of metal. The paper describes the design of coding system for sorting mechanical parts into groups with similar mechanical parts, either by their shape, dimensions or used technology. Subsequently, it points out to attribute of the system – uploading and modification of sample technological documentation.

Abstract: This work deals with an automated micro-assembly of MEMS die holders using a 3D visual servoing approach. Visual positioning which was used is based on eye-to-hand tracking principle. The 3D poses of the MEMS are supplied in a real-time by a 3D (CAD) model-based tracking algorithm. Having executed the visual servoing the accuracy and repeatability of this method was examined. The micro-assembly process was performed and the accuracy calculated according to ISO 9283. The achieved accuracy was 0.345 μm and repeatability was 4.3 μm. The rotation accuracy was less than 0.13°.