XPS Analysis Pyrolytic Char of Cellulose with Different Crystallinity Based on Ionic Liquid Regeneration

Abstract:

Ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) was used to dissolve cellulose and cellulose was regenerated from the solution by two different methods. Original cellulose (OC) and regenerated cellulose have different crystallinity. The morphological characteristic of different crystallinity cellulose was analyzed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cellulose pyrolysis experiment was performed on a horizontal tube furnace reactor and a wire mesh reactor. The pyrolytic char was prepared at 300°C with 50% char yield. Surface structure of original char and water washed char prepared from above two reactors was analyzed by the XPS. The results reveal the impact of secondary reaction between the volatile and char and crystallinity on the char structure during cellulose pyrolysis.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volume 694)
• Pages: 129-135
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.694.129
• Online since: November 2014
• Authors: Biao Zhang, Peng Wang, Zhen Guo Chen, Xun Gong*, Ming Hou Xu
• Keywords: Cellulose, Ionic Liquid (IL), Pyrolysis, Wire Mesh Reactor

References

[1] A.J. Ragauskas: Science, 2006. 311(5760), pp.484-489.

[2] Z.H. Wang, A.G. Mcdonald: Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2013. 100, pp.56-66.

[3] A. Broido, A.C. Javier Son: Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 1973. 17(12), pp.3627-3635.

[4] A.G. Bradbury, Y. Sakai, F. Shafizadeh: Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 1979. 23(11), pp.3271-3280.

[5] J. Lédé, H.Z. Li, J. Villermaux: Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, 1987. 10(4), pp.291-308.

[6] O. Boutin, M. Ferrer, J. Lédé: Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 1998. 47(1): pp.13-31.

[7] G.Y. Zhu, X. Zhu, Z.B. Xiao: Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2012. 94, pp.126-130.

[8] Y. Yu, D. Liu, H.W. Wu: Energy & Fuels, 2012. 26(12), pp.7331-7339.

[9] Li, C: Fuel, 2013. 112, pp.609-623.

[10] R.D. Rogers, K.R. Seddon: Science, 2003. 302(5646), pp.792-793.

[11] R.P. Swatloski, S.K. Spear, J.D. Holbrey: Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2002. 124(18), pp.4974-4975.

[12] S.D. Zhu, Y.X. Wu, Q.M. Chen: Green Chem., 2006. 8(4), pp.325-327.

[13] X. Gong, B. Zhang, Y. Huang: Energy & Fuels, 2013, 28 (1), 95-103.

[14] B. Gui, Q. Yu, D. Wan: Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2013. 34(2), pp.2321-2329.

[15] X. Gong, Y. Yu, X.P. Gao: Energy & Fuels (2014).

[16] L. Segal, J.J. Creely, A.E. Martin, C.M. Conrad: Textile Research Journal, 1959. 29, pp.786-794.

[17] J. Zhang, J. Luo, D. Tong: Carbohydrate Polymers 2010, 79 (1), pp.164-169.

[18] S. Kelemen, M. Afeworki: Energy & fuels, 2002, 16(6), pp.1450-1462.

[19] Q. Liu, S. Wang, K. Wang: Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2008, 24 (11), p.1957-(1963).

[20] O. Boutin, M. Ferrer, J. Lédé: Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, 1998, 47 (1), pp.13-31.