Development and Testing of Intumescent Fire Retardant Coating on Various Structural Geometries

Abstract:

Materials are prone to fire and in modern construction their protection from fire is required. In any structure, various joints such as T-joint, I-beam and elbows are used. The geometry of the component has significant role in protection of structure. A weak joint may lead to failure of main structure. In order to meet these challenges, Intumescent fire retardant coating (IFRC) were developed and tested on various structural geometries such as T-joints, elbows, I-beams and pipe. The control coating formulation (IFC-C) was developed from main ingredients; Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP), expandable Graphite (EG), Melamine (Mel), Boric Acid (BA) mixed with bisphenol A epoxy resin and polyamide hardener. Another set of formulations containing various percentage of aluminium Tri-Hydrate (ATH). Fire test results of ATH based formulation showed that I-beam geometry showed the high expansion of 19 mm. T-joint showed the average surface temperature of 55°C after one hour of Bunsen burner test. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) showed the presence of boron oxide, boron phosphate, sassolite and aluminium oxide in IFC-ATH5 residual char. The 5wt% ATH filler in IFC-C enhanced the fire protection performance of intumescent fire retardant coating formulation.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volume 699)
• Pages: 360-365
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.699.360
• Online since: November 2014
• Authors: Sami Ullah*, Faiz Ahmad, Anildav Singh
• Keywords: Intumescent Fire Retardant Coating, Structural Steel Geometry, X-Ray Diffraction

References

[1] Z. Han, A. Fina, G. Malucelli, G. Camino, Testing fire protective properties of intumescent coatings by in-line temperature measurements on a cone calorimeter, Prog. Org. Coat. 2010; 69(4): 475-480.

DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2010.09.001

[2] W. Sha, T.L. Ngu, Heat transfer in steel structures and their fire fesistance, In: Zingoni A, ed. Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation. Oxford: Elsevier Science 2001, pp.1095-1102.

DOI: 10.1016/b978-008043948-8/50122-3

[3] G.K. Castle, Fire protection of structural steel, Loss Prev. (1974) 57-64.

[4] S. Duquesne, J. Lefebvre, G. Seeley, G. Camino, R. Delobel, M.L. Bras, Vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymers Part 2: Fire retardancy using phosphorus-containing additives and monomers, Polym Degrad Stab. 85(2004): 883-892.

DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2004.04.004

[5] C. Nyambo, E. Kandare, C.A. Wilkie, Thermal stability and flammability characteristics of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) composites blended with a phenyl phosphonate-intercalated layered double hydroxide (LDH) melamine polyphosphate and/or boric acid, Polym Degrad Stab. 94 (2009).

DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.01.028

[6] T.A. Roberts, L.C. Shirvill, K. Waterton, I. Buckland, Fire resistance of passive fire protection coatings after long-term weathering, Process Saf. Environ. 88 (2010) 1-19.

DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2009.09.003

[7] A.I. Balabanovich, Thermal decomposition study of intumescent additives: Pentaerythritol phosphate and its blend with melamine phosphate, Thermochim Acta. (2005) 435(2) 188-196.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2005.05.019

[8] S. Duquesne, S. Magnet, C. Jama, R. Delobel, Thermoplastic resins for thin film intumescent coatings – towards a better understanding of their effect on intumescence efficiency, Polym Degrad Stab. 88(2005) 63-69.

DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2004.01.026

[9] S.W. Indrek, Material flammability, combustion, toxicity and fire hazard in transportation, Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 29(2003) 247-299.

DOI: 10.1016/s0360-1285(03)00027-3

[10] M. Wladyka-Przybylak, R. Kozlowski, The thermal characteristics of different intumescent coatings, Fire Mater. 23(1999) 33-43.

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1018(199901/02)23:1<33::aid-fam667>3.0.co;2-z

[11] ASTM. E119, Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials.

[12] F. Ahmad, S. Ullah, M.S. Hamizol, To study the effect of aluminium trihydrate and fumed silica on Intumescent fire retardant coating, J. Appl. Sci. 12 (2012) 2631-2635.

DOI: 10.3923/jas.2012.2631.2635

[13] S. Ullah, F. Ahmad, P.S.M.M. Yusoff, Effect of boric acid and melamine on the intumescent fire-retardant coating composition for the fire protection of structural steel substrates, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 128(2013) 2983-2993.

DOI: 10.1002/app.38318

[14] M. Jimenez, S. Duquesne, S. Bourbigot, Characterization of the performance of an intumescent fire protective coating, Surf. Coat. Technol. 201 (2006) 979-987.

DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.01.026

[15] S. Ullah, F. Ahmad, P.S.M.M. Yusoff. The effect on expansion and thermal degradation of 63um expandable graphite on intumescent fire retardant coating composition, Res. J. Chem. Environ. (2011) 944-951.

DOI: 10.1063/1.4898492