Development and Implementation of an Automated Car Parking System

Abstract:

The problems related to shortages in car parking spaces in dense populated cities and areas is addressed, and the categories of automated advanced car parking systems based on their different technologies is presented. The concept of an automatic car parking system is also introduced and demonstrated through the development process of a prototype using a PIC microcontroller. Simulation for the system's circuits is done with the aid of Proteus software. The hardware circuits, which are built on printed circuit boards (PCB) are interfaced with actuators and sensors for automation purposes. The hardware is assembled to automatically open entry gates for cars while there are still some unoccupied parking spaces. The entry gate will not be opened, however as long as the car parking facility is full. Proper messages are displayed on a screen to reflect the status of the car parking facility.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volumes 789-790)
• Pages: 939-945
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.789-790.939
• Online since: September 2015
• Authors: Thabit Sultan Mohammed*, Waleed K. Al-Khairi, Aamer T. Al-Jubouri, Omar S. Shamas
• Keywords: Automation, Microcontroller, Parking Slot Detection, Parking System, Sensors

References

[1] C. Wenzhi, L. Bai, A Smart Roadside Parking Navigation System Based On Sensor Networks For ITS, IET Int. Conf. on Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks, pp.1-4, 6-9. (2006).

DOI: 10.1049/cp:20061316

[2] C.C. Li, S.Y. Chou, S.W. Lin, An agent-based platform for drivers and car parks negotiation, IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control, pp.1038-1043. (2004).

DOI: 10.1109/icnsc.2004.1297090

[3] M.Y. Idris, Y.Y. Leng, E.M. Tamil, N.M. Noor and Z. Razak, Car Park system: A review of Smart Parking System and its Technology,. IT Journal, Vol. 8 No. 2, pp.101-113. (2009).

DOI: 10.3923/itj.2009.101.113

[4] F. S.A. Mahmud, G.M. Khan, M. Rahman, and H. Zafar , A Survey of Intelligent Car Parking System, Jour. of Applied Research and Technology, Vol. 11, Oct., pp.714-726. (2013).

DOI: 10.1016/s1665-6423(13)71580-3

[5] Y. Li, R. Ma, L. Wang, Intelligent Parking Negotiation Based On Agent Technology, WASE International Conference on Information Engineering, July, pp.265-268. (2009).

DOI: 10.1109/icie.2009.35

[6] S. Insop, K. Gowan, J. Nery, H. Han, T. Sheng, H. Li, F. Karray, Intelligent Parking System Design Using FPGA, Int. Conf. on Field Programmable Logic and Applications, pp.1-6, 28-30 Aug. (2006).

DOI: 10.1109/fpl.2006.311249

[7] V. W.S. Tang, Y. Zheng, and J. Cao, An Intelligent Car Park Manag, System based on Wireless Sensor Nets, 1st Int. Symp. on Pervasive Computing, 3-5 August, China. (2006).

[8] C. K. Howard, K. Cayetano, and O. Omqlola, Parking Management Systems, US Patent No. 6, 885, 311 B2, April . 26, (2005).

[9] E. O. Clapper, Method and Apparatus for Parking Management System for Locating Available Spaces, US Patent No. 6, 147, 624, November, 14, (2000).

[10] Chao Dou, Development of storage and retrieval algorithms for automated parking systems, MSc Thesis, The University of Toledo, (2012).

[11] R. Yusnita, F. Norbaya, and N. Basharuddin. Intelligent Parking Space Detection System Based on Image Processing, . International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, Vol. 3, No. 3, June, pp.232-235. (2012).

[12] Z. Bin, J. Dalin, W. Fang, and W. Tingting, A design of parking space detector based on video image, The Ninth Int. Conf. On Electronic Measurement &Instruments ICEMI (2009).

DOI: 10.1109/icemi.2009.5274579

[13] J. F. Paniati, Advanced Parking Management Systems: A Cross-Cutting, Technical report, Federal Highway Administration, USA, January, (2007).

[14] ParkMilwaukee. com Website. ParkMilwaukee. com—Your Downtown Parking Resource. (2006) http: /www. parkmilwaukee. com.

[15] M. Buntić, E. Ivanjko, H. Gold, ITS Supported Parking Lot Management, Int. Conference on Traffic and Transport Engineering - Belgrade, Nov. 29-30, pp.195-202. (2012).

[16] P. Trusiewicz, J. Legierski , Parking Reservation – application dedicated for car users based on telecommunications APIs, Proceedings of the 2013 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems, Kraków, Poland, 8 - 11 September, p.865–869. (2013).

[17] K. Farkas, G. Godor, and A. Huszak, Parking Assistance System for Indoor Environment, Networking and Communication, Vol. 1, Issue. 1, July 2013, pp.34-39. (2013).

[18] K. Inaba, M. Shibui, T. Naganawa, M. Ogiwara, N. Yoshikai, Intelligent Parking Reservation Service on the Internet, Symp. on Applications and the Internet Workshops, pp.159-164, (2001).

DOI: 10.1109/saintw.2001.998224

[19] J. Xu, G. Chen, And M. Xie, Vision-Guided Automatic Parking for Smart Car, Proceedings of the IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, pp.725-730, (2000).

DOI: 10.1109/ivs.2000.898435

[20] N. Hashimoto, S. Kato, N. Minobe, S. Tsugawa, Automated Vehicle Mobile Guidance System for Parking Assistance, IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, pp.630-635, 13-15 June (2007).

DOI: 10.1109/ivs.2007.4290186

[21] M. Aggarwal, S. Aggarwal, and R.S. Uppal, Comparative Implementation of Automatic Car Parking System with least distance parking space in Wireless Sensor Networkss,. Int. J. of Sci. and Res. Publications, Vol. 2(10), pp.1-8. (2012).