Influence of Mo/Sb Co-Doping on Scintillation Properties of PbWO₄ Crystal

Abstract:

Lead tungstate, PbWO₄ single crystals co-doped with Mo⁶⁺ and Sb³⁺ ions were grown using the modified Bridgman method. The X-ray powder diffraction, optical transmission, X-ray excited luminescence, photoluminescence, light output and decay time have been investigated. Compared to non-doped PbWO_4, the co-doped PbWO₄:(Mo,Sb) crystals exhibit improved transmittance in the short wavelength region. Luminescence and light output measurements demonstrated that Mo⁶⁺ and Sb³⁺ co-doping could enhance the luminescence of PbWO₄ and increase the light output to about 7.0% of Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂ crystal. Doped Mo⁶⁺ and Sb³⁺ ions in PbWO₄ were tentatively considered to occupy W and Pb sublattice sites mostly. The second excitation peak at 385 nm, which is the second effective excitation for the enhanced blue-green emission in as-grown PbWO₄:(Mo,Sb) crystal, should be related to [MoO₄]^2- group and oxygen vacancy.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volumes 84-85)
• Pages: 480-484
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.84-85.480
• Online since: August 2011
• Authors: Qing Ma, Si Qing Shen, Zhi Bin Xu, Jian Jun Xie, Hui Yuan, Ying Shi, Wei Xiong, Jia Yue Xu
• Keywords: Bridgman Method, Mo⁶⁺/Sb³⁺ Co-Doping, PbWO₄ Crystal, Scintillation Properties

References

[1] E. Auffray: IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. Vol. 55 (3) (2008), pp.1314-1319.

[2] K. Nitsch, M. Nikl, S. Ganschow, P. Reiche and R. Uecker: J. Cryst. Growth, Vol. 165 (1996), pp.163-165.

DOI: 10.1016/0022-0248(96)00167-4

[3] M Kobayashi, Y Usuki and M Ishii: Nucl Instr. Meth. A, Vol. 486 (2002), p.170–175.

[4] R.H. Mao, X.D. Qu and R.Y. Zhu: Nucl. Instr. Meth., A, Vol. 486(2002), pp.196-200.

[5] Jianjun Xie, Ying Shi and Hui Yuan: Phys Status Solidi (a), Vol. 206(1) (2009), p.121–125.

[6] M. Kobayashi, Y. Usuki and M. Ishii: Nucl. Instr. Meth. A, Vol. 434 (1999), pp.412-423.

[7] A. Annenkov, A. Borisevitch and A. Hofsteatter: Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A, Vol. 450 (2000), pp.71-74.

[8] S. Wang, D. Shen and G. Ren: Acta Optica Sinica Vol. 20(8) (2000), p.1122. (in Chinese).

[9] P.Z. Yang, J.Y. Liao and B.F. Shen: J. Crystal Growth, Vol. 236 (2002), pp.589-595.

[10] M. Batenchuk, I. Konstankevych and L. Limarenko: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Tungstate Crystals, Rome, 1999, p.49.

[11] B.I. Zadneprovskii, V.A. Nefedov and I.S. Bykov: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Inorganic Scintillators and their Application, Moscow, 2000, p.643.

[12] M. Nikl, P. Bohacek and E. Mihokova: J. Appl. Phys, Vol. 91(5), (2002), pp.2791-2797.

[13] M. Kobayashi, Y. Usuki and M. Ishii: Nucl. Instr. Meth. A, Vol. 465 (2001), pp.428-439.

[14] A. Annenkov, A.E. Borisevich and A. Hofsteatter: Nucl. Instr. Meth. A, Vol. 450 (2000), pp.71-74.

[15] G.P. Pazzi, P. Fabeni and C. Susini: Radiation Measurements, Vol. 38 (2004), pp.381-384.