Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1010-1012

Abstract: The responses of ground-wandering spider communities were examined in terms of species composition, population structure and population diversity in subtropical, hill-country tea plantations subjected to two contrasting systems of agricultural management. Samples were collected between June 2010 and May 2011 from tea plantations using either low-carbon intercropping management (plantation JZ) or routine management (plantation CK), using both clapping and trapping methods of sample collection. The results showed that the composition of the spider community in plantation JZ was significantly richer, on the basis of several quantitative measures, than in plantation CK (P <0.001), with 3.17 times, 1.68 times and 1.40 times the numbers of female, male and immature spiders present, respectively. In addition, in plantation JZ, in which four species of spider were predominant, the diversity index and richness index were increased, respectively, by 15.09% and 9.85%. Principal components analysis (PCA) showed that the management regime of plantation JZ was significantly reflected in the distributions of Houa jiafui, Pardosa pusiola and Venonia spirocysta, whereas that of plantation CK was reflected in the distribution of Zelotes asiaticus. Therefore, in a low-carbon management regime a rich diversity of plant species is conducive both to the reduction of CO₂ emissions and to the protection of species diversity in ground-wandering spiders.

Abstract: Supercritical water oxidation process can effectively degrade the total nitrogen in municipal sludge. In order to obtain the optimum parameters of municipal sludge treated by supercritical water oxidation, this article selected the total nitrogen removal rate as the evaluation value, and used response surface methodology to optimize the parameters of sludge treatment by supercritical water oxidation, the parameters including temperature, pressure, residence time and oxidation coefficient. The results show that the reaction temperature, pressure and residence time exist interaction, and the influence degree of parameters is: pressure > reaction temperature > reaction retention time; The optimum reaction conditions are as follows: reaction temperature 539 °C, pressure 27 MPa, residence time 434 s, and oxidation coefficient 2.16, under these conditions, the total nitrogen decreasing efficiency can reach 74.12%.

Abstract: This study focuses on the estimation of cleanup level to the mineral naturally occurring Radioactive pollution according by RESRAD to one tailings dam includes the followings parts: confirming the dose constraint value, the analyses on the irradiation scenarios, the settings of the exposure pathways, the settings of the related model parameters, cleanup level simulation estimation by computer and analysis the estimation results. The results of the cleanup estimation show that the irradiation dose value of ²³²Th and its long-lived daughters is about to 10.7mSv/a, which is exceeded far away the threshold dose value 0.25mSv/a,so the site must be do some cleanup work before its opening. Meanwhile, the result of the cancer risk is about 0.024, that far away the hope of human. RESRAD reveals that the cleanup level of 232Th is 0.047Bq/g in tailings dam soil when the dose limit is 0.25 mSv/a.

Abstract: A UV ballast water treatment system was built in this paper. Nitzschiaclosteriumminutissima, Dunaliellasalina and Escherichia coli were selected as the test organisms to run the tests. The test results show that the inactivation ratio for the Escherichia colican close to 100%, when using 5UV lamps and the circulation volume was 5m³/h. While the inactivation ratio for the Nitzschiaclosteriumminutissima and Dunaliellasalina were 86.67% and 82.10%respectively. The investigation provides a better understanding of the UV ballast water treatment further.

Abstract: A large area of agricultural non-point source pollution which was caused by higher input of fertilizer and pesticide, lower availability of fertilizer, soil erosion and serious destruction of ecological balance in black soil region of northeast China has attracted the national attention and raised the relevant scholars’concern. This paper mainly summarizes the research on mechanism exploration, quantitative of pollution load and model simulation and controlling measure of the black earth region of northeast conducted by domestic scholars, which based on the instruction of general situation of agricultural non-point source pollution in black soil region of northeast China, and then put forward the shortcomings in the present study and direction of future development.

Abstract: According to the connotation of agricultural industrialization leading enterprises in the ecological carrying capacity and characteristics of the hierarchy, the elastic force from ecosystem, resources and environment carrying capacity and ecosystem stress three aspects carries on the quantitative research method is proposed. In quantitative research results for instance agricultural industrialization leading enterprises bearing capacity based on the analysis of the data fitting, the study of agricultural industrialization leading enterprises of the ecological carrying situation and development trend are discussed.

Abstract: Based on the data of Shandong’ statistical yearbook-2013, Shandong’s ecological footprint (EF) and bio-capacity (BC) are calculated and analyzed. The ecological footprint is 4.594781 hm² per capita, the ecological carrying capacity is 0.995870 hm² per capita. Results show that Shandong is a region with a severe ecological deficit which comes up to 2.096052 hm² per capita .That means the development of Shandong is not sustainable.

Abstract: Due to the concentration polarization and membrane fouling, the application of conventional membrane separation technology is restricted. In order to reduce the concentration polarization and membrane fouling, the shear-enhanced process has become the focus of the current membrane technology. The shear-enhanced processes contain chiefly rotary tubular shear-enhanced process, rotary disc shear-enhanced process and vibratory shear-enhanced process. This article introduced the structures and work principles of the three shear-enhanced processes. Meanwhile, the problems and the prospect of the shear-enhanced process were provided in this article.

Abstract: Two immunological methods, ELISA and CLIA were optimized and compared. The sensitivity of CLIA was higher. The optimized CL-ELISA allowed the Sudan I detection in a linear range of 0.156-5 ng mL^-1, the IC₅₀ was 0.642ng mL^-1 and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.05ng mL^-1. The method showed good recoveries with spiked chili powder. The recovery rate range from 97.28-112.39%. The proposed method proved to be efficient for the detection of Sudan I in food samples.

Abstract: Six oil degradation strains were obtained from the tropic ocean of Hainan province using diesel oil as the sole carbon source in the research, which aim is to prevent and restore the ocean oil pollution at present and in future. The degradation rate of diesel oil by these strains was tested and three stains were filtrated as the dominant bacteria from Soh7, Soh11, Soh23, Soh26, Soh38 and Soh53 which were Soh7, Soh11 and Soh53. The 15d DR were 40.6%,31.3%,37.1% and 25d DR were 51.2%, 40.3%, 47.8% (TDR were 63.1%, 54.9%, 60.6%) separately under 24°C. Based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical test results, the Soh7 was identified as Sporolactobacillus sp. and Soh11 and Soh53 were Acidothermus sp..