Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1010-1012

Abstract: SO_X emission control of the marine exhaust gas can be achieved by post-processing desulfurization and LNG’s usage. The two solutions are discussed by the technical and economic analysis. Four kinds of post-processing desulfurization have the differences on system composition, wastewater discharge, and applicable waters, absorbents and so on. The pay-off periods of post-processing desulfurization are ranged from 0.5 to 2.2 years, which depended on the ship type’s difference. LNG’s pay-off periods is about one year, but some hidden costs for LNG ship’s promotion are difficult to estimate.

Abstract: Fenton-oxidation process was used to treat the simulation ship sewage that had met the requirement of IMO discharge standard. The effects of reaction time, doses of H₂O₂ and FeSO₄, pH and temperature on COD removal rate were investigated. The results showed that the optimum condition for treating simulation ship sewage was as follows: pH=3.0, concentration of H₂O₂=9 mmol/L, concentration of FeSO₄=3 mmol/L, and reaction time=30 min. Under the optimum condition, the removal rate of COD was to 62.7%. The water quality of the effluent could meet Miscellaneous Domestic Water Quality Standard.

Abstract: Coal self-combustion loses a large amount of coal resources in China's Xinjiang region, not only caused huge economic losses each year, but also caused serious environmental pollution problems. Through the coals on the ecological environment, including air, water, land resources, biological survival of both the environment and the geological environment,the article analyzed the impact of coal on the environment,and Proposed technical measures to combat coal fires.

Abstract: According to PM2.5 pollution in the kitchen, a mathematical model is established about the effect of range hood exhaust air volume on PM2.5 pollution control based on calculus method. On the basis of some actual cooking cases, PM2.5 concentration in a kitchen is calculated for different exhaust air volume. Self-clean time is also given. The conclusion of the paper provides a theoretical basis for determining parameters of exhaust air volume of range hood.

Abstract: Using pot experiment to study the influence of three organic fertilizers of chicken manure compost (CM), activated sludge (AS) and cassava residue compost (CR) on the degradation of p, p'-DDT in clay soil under flooding conditions. The results showed that the two kinds of organic fertilizers of AS and CM could effectively accelerate the degradation of p, p'-DDT in clay soils, and the degradation effect was the best when adding 2% CM or 3% AS in clay soil. However, the influence of CR on the degradation of p, p'-DDT was not obvious. The degradation rates of P, P′-DDT in the treatment on adding 1% AS were from zero to 7.4% higher than that of 1% CM. The degradation rates of P, P′-DDT in the treatment on adding 2% AS were from zero to 11.3% higher than that of 2% CM. The degradation rates of P, P′-DDT in the treatment on adding 3% AS were from 8.3% to 27.4% higher than that of 3% CM. which indicated that AS is more conducive to the degradation of p, p'-DDT in the clay.

Abstract: Tropical plants contain a variety of secondary metabolites, and plant aqueous extracts can be used as urease inhibitors to improve nitrogen use efficiency and reduce the negative environmental effects. An incubation experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of aqueous extracts of 32 common tropical green plant species from 24 families on urea hydrolysis. The results indicated that the aqueous extracts from 3 of the common tropical green plants (Pterocarpus indicus, Callistemon rigidus, Terminalia mantaly) belonging to Leguminosae, Myrtaceae and Combretaceae respectively showed better inhibitory effects on urease than hydroquinone as a chemical inhibitor, and had more obvious potential applications. The inhibitory effects of active substances in plants were affected by extract temperature causing by solubility and thermal stability of active substances. T. mantaly had the most potential for development in this study as a fertilizer additive. The inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of T. mantaly leaves on urea hydrolysis increased with increasing concentration of aqueous extracts, the strongest inhibitory effect on urease occurred after 2-3 d of incubation.

Abstract: With the development of China’s industrialization process, heavy metal pollution is more and more serious. Cu is one of the widely distributed heavy metals. It has a cumulative effect and can cause cancer which is a huge potential threat to human life safety. So this paper expounds the hazard, sources, environmental behavior, control methods and problems existing in the methods of Cu.

Abstract: Ecological restoration of soil slope has become an important content in the three gorges reservoir region. Based on the compression test of purple soil in the three gorges reservoir region, analyzed the index of compressibility, reflected the compactness of the different moisture content of purple soils, provided theoretical guidance for the ecological slope protection. Results of the trial indicated that the purple soils are the high-compressible-soil; the void ratio of purple soil reduces obviously with the increase of moisture content; with the increase of moisture content, the compression coefficient first increases and then decreases, and the compression index decreases gradually; but the compression modulus does not show a similar trend, it's minimum on the moisture content of 14%.

Abstract: 4-(N,N-dibutylaminomethyl) morpholine salt (DBM) was synthesized with morpholine，di-n-butylamine，paraformaldehyde under acid condition and characterized by IR. According to corrosion reason and characteristic of blast furnace gas pipeline, DBM, cyclohexylamine, ethanolamine, propargyl alcohol, etc were chosen as composition of compound corrosion inhibitor formulations, and their corrosion inhibition performance were evaluated by weight-loss method and electrochemical method. The results showed that the yield of DBM was 93.95% when mole ratio of morpholine, di-n-butylamine and paraformaldehyde was 1:1.2:1.2 and reaction temperature was 60 °C, reaction time was 5 h. The compound corrosion inhibitor containing DBM exhibited good inhibitory effect to cathode electrochemical process to the corrosion of A3 carbon steel cathode electrochemical process and the corrosion inhibition efficiency was 98.46%.

Abstract: The sewage diffusion is an environmental material for marine environmental protecting. It plays an important role in port engineering now. Its effect under deep water was carried out between different diffuser design parameters based on the hydraulic model test, and sewage marine disposal project in Tianjin south port was taken as an example. For this project, jet angle was controlled to be 0 degree, and horizontal angle was controlled to be 45 degree. It not only can ensure that sewage fully diluted mixed, also can avoid the premature convergence and sewage lifting. It is feasible for selecting large angle nozzle under deep water and there are some technical bases have been provided for other sewage marine disposal project.