Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1010-1012

Abstract: The effects of two herbicides on soil respiration, the activity of catalase and the activity of urease were studied in laboratory. The results showed that effects of atrazine and nicosulfuron on soil respiration were different. The soil respirations were in inhibition when soils were treated with atrazine, while soil respirations were in promotion-inhibition-recover when soils were treated with nicosulfuron. The soil respirations were different at different herbicide concentrations. According to coefficient of injury, herbicides atrazine and nicosulfuron both belong to low toxicity herbicides or no toxic herbicides. The effects of herbicides on the activities of catalase and urease were same, which were inhibition-recovery. The activity of unease was inhibited by atrazine and nicosulfuron before 21d. Half dosage of nicosulfuron has a significant inhibitory effect. The different concentrations of atrazine and nicosulfuron had no obvious effect on the catalase activity.

Abstract: There are serious mining subsidence around Longgu coal mine, local people's livelihood has been affected seriously. Remote sensing technology was used to survey the mining subsidence, because it is macroscopic, rapid, economic, effective and objective. There were 6 period remote sensing images were collected in total. Those remote sensing images were compared, and the history about those mining subsidence was known. Filed investigation were applied in this articles to survey these mining subsidence, also. The area of these mining subsidence destroyed were: 0.35km² in December 2010, 0.56km² in August 2011, 1.01km² in September 2012, 1.26 km² in May 2013, 1.53km² in November 2013. There were a rapidly develop in the four years. The mining subsidence in this area belong to the young type, developed rapidly, trend to destroy great deal farmland during a short period. The mining subsidence should be monitored persistent use remote sensing. The regular about mining subsidence should be further study. And some prediction works should be done based on the regular study.

Abstract: In this paper, the parallel coordinates’ method is used for analyzing the marine water environment quality. The environment status could be obtained by this method intuitively. In this paper, the water environment quality in the Caofeidian marine district is analyzed. Multiple pollutants in the multiple years are used. The results show that the water environmental quality in the Caofeidian marine district is acceptable, the environmental status could be obtained by the parallel coordinates’ method visually, which is the main advantageous of this method.

Abstract: Natural dye extracted from longan leaves was applied to a silk fabric by exhaustion dyeing process. Aluminium potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, and stannous chloride were used as mordants. The dyeing was conducted with and without metallic salt mordants, using pre-mordanting method. Silk fabric dyed in a solution composed of a longan from leaves without mordant showed a shade of pale yellowish-brown, while those mordanted with stannous chloride, alum, and copper sulfate produced a variety of medium to dark yellowish-brown colour shades. However, duller and darker brown shade was obtained with ferrous sulfate mordant. The colour fastness to washing, water, and rubbing were good to very good. The light fastness results showed fair level.

Abstract: The present paper deals with the application of natural dye extracted from Garcinia Dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz bark on silk fabric by using post-mordant and pad-dry processes and also evalation of effect of metal modants as differnt concentration on dyeability, colour values (L*, a*, b*) and colour strength (K/S), and fastness properties. Silk fabrics dyed with Garcinia Dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz bark extract and stannous chloride (SnCl₂) showed a pale yellow shade, while those dyed with alum (AlK(SO₄)₂ bright yellow colour. Silk substrates dyed with CuSO₄ gave a yellowish-green colour, while those dyed with FeSO₄ had a yellowish brown colour. The fastness properties showed fair to good rating, whereas the colour fastness to perspiration was at a poor level.

Abstract: A natural dye extracted from purple corn cob was applied to a silk fabric using pre-mordanting method, under different conditions. It was observed that with an increase in the dye concentration, the ultraviolet (UV) protection factor (UPF) values ranged between good and very good for the silk fabric. In addition, a darker colour, such as that provided by a FeSO₄ and CuSO₄ mordant, gave better protection because of higher UV absorption. Silk fabrics dyed with purple corn cob extract showed a light violetish-pink shade, while those dyed with alum violetish-pink colour. Silk substrates dyed with CuSO₄ gave a green to greenish-pink colour, while those dyed with FeSO₄ had a light yellow to violetish-gray colour. The results confirmed that natural dyes from purple corn cob extract with metal mordants have potential applications in fabric dyeing and in producing UV-protective silk fabrics.

Abstract: Silk fabric was dyed with the colourant extracted from Laccifer Lacca Kerr. by using post-mordanting process and pad-dry technique. The effect of metal mordantats at different mordant concentration levels on their colour strength was also investigated. Silk fabrics dyed with Laccifer Lacca extract showed a light pink shade, while those dyed with alum and stannous chloride produces pinkish-red colour. Silk mordanted with CuSO₄ gave a purple red colour, while those dyed with FeSO₄ had a reddish-gray colour. The fastness properties ranged from fair to good, while washing fastness was poor level. The ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) values of silk fabric dyed with and without metal mordants ranged between good and excellent for dyed fabric.The results confirmed that natural dyes from Laccifer Lacca Kerr. extract have potential applications for silk fabric dyeing and producing ultraviolet (UV) protective silk fabric.

Abstract: The colour activity of silk fabric dyed with natural dye extraction from the purple corn cob by post-mordanting was studied. The effect of dyes at different metal mordants concentration levels on their colour strength was also investigated. Silk fabrics dyed with purple corn cob extract showed light violetish-pink shade, while those dyed with alum violetish-pink colour. Silk substrates dyed with CuSO₄ gave a gray colour, while those dyed with FeSO₄ had a violetish-pink colour. The fastness properties showed fair to very good rating.

Abstract: Brewing spent diatomite (BSDT), a beer industrial by-product, was used for the adsorptive removal of copper ions from an aqueous solution. The results show that The removal rate of Cu²⁺ decreased from 67.2% to 2.8% with decreasing initial pH from 6 to 2; the adsorption capacity decreased proportionally with an increasing amount of BSDT-800, but the removal efficiency of Cu²⁺ increased with an increasing amount of adsorbent; the adsorption uptake at equilibrium (q_e) increases from 9.9 mg/g to 34.1 mg/g with increasing initial concentration from 10 mg/L to 50 mg/L at 293K; the adsorption process of Cu²⁺ onto BSDT-800 can be described by second-order reaction kinetics.

Abstract: EM enrichment culture liquid was immobilized on nano-silica carrier to form microbial nano ball, so as to investigate the reaction kinetics of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) by microbial nano ball. The results showed that first order reaction kinetics model could describe NH4+-N removal by different diameter microbial nano-silica balls well. And the microbe could keep higher biological activity between 0-72h. Reaction kinetic equations of NH4+-N were: (1) when diameter was 10mm, (0-48h), (48-72h); (2) when diameter was 20mm, (0-48h), (48-72h); (3) (0-48h), (48-72h).