Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1030-1032

Abstract: The industrial solvent, trichloroethene (TCE), is among the most ubiquitous chlorinated compounds found in subsurface contamination. Operation of an avionics repair shop at a military base has resulted in past release of solvent chemicals including TCE and other chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons. The objectives of this study were to investigate the occurrence of natural remediation process and the feasibility of using natural remediation as the remedial option at this site. The following tasks have been performed: (1) site characterization to delineate the lateral and vertical extent of contaminants in the subsurface; (2) field investigation of natural remediation; and (3) efficiency of TCE removal through natural remediation in the field. Results indicate that TCE biodegradation occurred at this site, and natural remediation is a possible remedial alternative for TCE plume containment. Evidences for the TCE natural remediation included: (1) decreased TCE and other chlorinated compounds concentrations along the transport path; (2) production of the TCE degradation byproducts (including ethane); (3) decreased total organic carbon along the transport path, (4) deceased pH in the spill source area; (5) production of chloride ion and carbon dioxide. Experiences obtained from this study would be helpful in developing a site remedial protocol for other DNAPL sites.

Abstract: 3-hydroxy-2, 2-bis(hydroxymethyl) propyl dihydrogen phosphate(HBPDP) was synthesized, intumescent flame retardant composite powder (IFRC) was prepared by compounding ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and HBPDP with TX-10 surfactant/polyacrylate latex. The HBPDP was characterized with FTIR and ¹HNMR. The IFRC was measured with thermogravimetric analysis. The data showed that the IFRC can meet the need of the processing temperature of most of thermoplastic.

Abstract: A new green packaging material—honeycomb board was studied. Several main technical parameters were tested and some advice was put forward on development of honeycomb board.

Abstract: The glass-ceramics containing nanocrystalline CaNb₂O₆ phase in the 35%SiO₂-25%Nb₂O₅-20%CaO-15BaO-5%Eu₂O₃(wt%) glass system were prepared by the melt-quench technique followed by a two-stage controlled heat treatment. Samples were characterized by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, spectrophotometer and fluorescence spectrophotometer. The results shown that glass ceramic phase is CaNb2O6, grain size is about 30 nm, The two-stage controlled heat treatment is beneficial to control of the number and size of grains, thus affecting the transparency of glass ceramic and luminescence properties. The transmittance of the glass ceramics can be up to 80% in the near-infrared light area. The luminescence spectra of Eu³⁺-doped glass and glass–ceramics were recorded at 394 nm excitation wavelength and the luminescence intensity is found to be increased with heat-treatment time due to increase in crystallinity. Fluorescence spectrum showed 4 emission peak, which located in the 578 nm (⁵ D₀-⁷ F₀), 592 nm (⁵ D₀-⁷ F₁), 615 nm (⁵ D₀-⁷ F₂) and 654 nm (⁵ D₀-⁷ F₃), Eu^{3 +} emission peak intensity in the glass ceramic sample were greater than the substrate glass.

Abstract: In order to research the structure and morphology of silica after calcined at different tempreture, as well as the influence of particles shape with coupling agent. Use TEOS as raw material, prepared inorganic silica particles by acid-catalyzed, Characterization methods have FT-IR, XRD, TG-DSC, SEM. The results showed that: only the presence of characteristic absorption peak of SiO₂ when the calcination temperature reached 1000°C, tetragonal α-cristobalite formed when reached 1500°C. porous structures densified when 1500°C, obtained by a small particle size and a good degree of dispersion. KH550 will affect particle morphology characteristics.

Abstract: Titania photo-catalyst was prepared via hydrothermal synthesis route from industrial titanyl sulfate solution, and the effects of calcination temperature on the structure and property of porous were also investigated. The as-prepared samples were characterized by XRD and BET, and its photocatalytic activity was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. As the calcination temperature increasing, the photocatalytic degradation rate increased first and then gradually decreased. Titania calcined at 450°C for 1h shows the highest photocatalytic activity, with degradation rate of 88% for 1h. And its S_BET is of 93.25 m²/g, crystal size of 17.19 nm.

Abstract: This paper combines the technical features and operation condition of the new nuclear reactors, such as sodium cooled fast reactor (SFR), supercritical water cooled reactor (SCWR), very high temperature reactor (VHTR), molten salt reactor (MSR) and nuclear fusion reactor, and analyzes the performance requirements of materials, it introduces the current application and prospects of new materials in different new nuclear reactors.

Abstract: In order to improve the interfacial wettability between Cu and β-SiC, electroless plating was employed to deposit a copper film on β-SiC particles. The β-SiC/Cu composites with different volume fraction ( from 30% to 60% ) were fabricated by hot-press sintering technique. The microstructures, bending strengths were investigated by SEM and a tensile machine. The results showed that the uniform and continuous Cu coating on the β-SiC particles can be obtained after electroless plating. With the increase of volume fraction of β-SiC particles, the bending strength decreased gradually. The fractographs revealed that the composites had mixed-fracture characteristics of cleavages and dimples.

Abstract: In order to improve the non-cyanide electroless gold plating deposition performance, the effects of the kinds of additives as well as its concentration on the deposition performance were investigated. The appearance inspection, deposition rate, adhesive force, surface morphology and corrosion resistance were evaluated. The results showed that the introduction of appropriate additives did improve the coating properties. The optimal concentration of polyethylene glycol and polycrylamide were 0.6~1.0 g·L^-1 and 1.0~1.5 g·L^-1, respectively. The corrosion resistance of the coating deposited in baths containing polyacrylamide was best.

Abstract: Two integrated processes, ultrafiltration and iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, in industry-scale test for treating abandoned drawing lubricant with water quantity of 1000L/h were studied. In the process of stable operation, 83.5% to 93.4% chemical oxygen demand (COD) and more than 99% turbidity was removed by ultrafiltration. Then throughout the technology of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, the COD of ultrafiltration concentration could be further eliminated 95%. With the treatment of integrated processes, the abandoned drawing lubricant got effectively disposal. The research also showed that this combined process had broad application prospects in the treatment of all kinds of metal-working fluids, eg. cutting fluid, lubricating fluid and emulsified liquid.