Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1030-1032

Abstract: Copper and Indium alloys elements were metallized into 304 Stainless Steel surface by Double Glow Plasma Surface Alloying Technology (Double Glow Technology for short). Microstructure and Resistance property of diffusion layer analyzer was analysed by metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscopy, energy spectrum, friction and wear testing machine of high speed reciprocating. The results show that process parameters of the permeability copper and indium has an obvious effect for the organization structure and performance of diffusion layer. The friction coefficient of alloying layer has a significant decrease compared with the substrate. The wear-resisting performance has an effective change.

Abstract: In this paper, the influence of Poisson's ratio on the solid propellant’s structure and properties was summarized. Methods and important results were introduced, which indicated the research progress in the relationship between Poisson’s ratio and structural integrity of solid rocket motor (SRM).

Abstract: A primary aim of a manufacturing company is a simplicity and a speed of a production process. This assumption makes prospects in an area of sheet bonding by quik-setting adhesives (cyanoacrylates). Owing to temperature fluctuations in various climatic environments significant changes of the temperature occur. For successful application of particular products it is necessary to investigate a temperature dependence of already hardened adhesives. The paper deals with a research of the environment temperature influence on the strength change of the quick-setting adhesives. The experiment results confirmed a fundamental negative influence of the environment temperature on the strength of the adhesive bonds. A type of the failure area has not change owing to the environment temperature. The aim of the research is to set the influence of the environment temperature on the adhesive bond strength created with different cyanoacrylate adhesives.

Abstract: The stability of SiC and SiO₂ in helium with little water vapor is studied in this paper in order to confirm whether they can service as anti-oxidation layers on the surface of fuel elements of high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTR) under water-ingress accident. Through thermodynamic analysis, it is found that the influence factor controlling the critical temperature of passive oxidation for SiC in He-H₂O is the partial pressure of H₂O; the critical temperature of passive oxidation for SiC increases with the partial pressure of H₂O. The influence factors controlling the critical temperature of decomposition for SiO₂ are the partial pressure of H₂O and the amount of H₂O in gas for 1 mol SiO₂, the critical temperature of decomposition for SiO₂ increases with the partial pressure of H₂O while it decreases with the amount of H₂O in gas for 1 mol SiO₂. SiO₂/SiC composite coating is more suitable than SiC coating in He-H₂O with little H₂O.

Abstract: Electroless plating technology was applied in order to improve the poor wettability between copper and SiC. β-SiC_(w+p)/Cu composites were fabricated by hot-press sintering. The influences of SiC volume fraction on microstructure, relative density and wear propertity were researched in detail. It turned out that SiC particles and wiskers distributed in Cu matrix homogeneously. And with the increase of SiC volume fraction, the relative density and friction coefficient were reduced respectively, the wear-resistant improved greatly.

Abstract: This work aimed to investigate epiphytic lichens on mango trees (Mangifera indica L.) in the municipality habitats of the Northeast of Thailand based on the Verein Deutscher Ingenieure protocol and define the factors that influence their diversity. Ninety-one taxa were observed, 21 of them are macrolichens, 87 species found outside municipality and 70 species found inside municipality. The factors that most affected epiphytic lichen diversity were tree circumference, days of rainfall, bark pH, area surrounding and annual rainfall and negatively affected by population size, temperature, and distance from road. This work concluded that traffic density and human population size reduce air quality and influenced epiphytic diversity in the municipal habitats in the Northeast of Thailand, and lichens are bioindicators of air pollution in this region.

Abstract: In this paper, saline wastewater was treated by using the UASB anaerobic reactor. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the reactor was controlled at 12 h. Research results shows that, the anaerobic activated sludge can effectively treat the saline wastewater. When the influent salinity was 1%, the corresponding COD removal rate of the reactor was 83.3%. In the following study, the influent salinity increased to 2% and 3% step-by-step. The result shows that the COD removal efficiency of the reactor changed little. The COD reduction of the reactor was 87.6% when the influent salinity was 2%. The COD removal rate changed to 85.2% when the influent salinity increased to 3%. The removal rate of NH₄⁺-N and PO₄³-P also changed little when the influent salinity of the reactor increased form 1% to 3%. It shows that anaerobic activated sludge has good ability of salt tolerance.

Abstract: Chinese paper companies wastewater emissions, has become an important source of pollution. This article describes the sources of the paper industry wastewater, the main pollutant, the status and shortcomings of conventional treatment technology research. The study progress and applications of photocatalytic oxidation reaction in the treatment of wastewater from pulp and papermaking process were reviewed. The potential advantages and the development trend of photocatlytic oxidation reaction in the fields of effluent treatment were discussed.

Abstract: An novel Lead (II)-dithizone-xylenol orange tenary complex spectrophotometry was developed for the determination of Pb²⁺ in wastewater. For this purpose, the parameters of spectrophotometry such as the detection wavelength, pH value, the dosage of dithizone-xylenol orange and reaction time were studied and optimized through orthogonal tests. The method was linear in the ranges from 2.1×10^-3 to 6.0 μg·mL^-1 for Pb²⁺ with R² ≥ 0.999. The procedure allowed efficient recovery of the investigated Pb²⁺ ranging between 95 % and 103 % with a relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤ 2.1 for actual wastewater samples spiked with 1.00, 2.00 and 3.00 μg·mL^-1 of standard Pb²⁺, respectively. These results show the method can be applied to the direct determination of Pb²⁺ in wastewater, avoiding the use of toxic extrant (chloroform) and masking reagent (sodium cyanide) in the traditional methods and time-consuming procedures, moreover, the investigated method is simple, accurate, reliable, and inexpensive, which implies the potential of this technique for Pb²⁺ monitoring in wastewater samples.

Abstract: Bio-electrokinetic remediation of oil-contaminated soil is a promising technology. In this study, three bio-electrokinetic remediation experiments were carried out to study the effects of external addition of oil-degrading bacteria by electrokinetics and different operational parameters on oil decontamination in saturated soil. Results showed that oil in soil migrated from the anode towards the cathode with forward electroosmotic flow and accumulated near the cathode. Oil was barely degraded without external addition of oil-degrading bacteria. Although electrolytes were refreshed every 12 hr, soil pH varied greatly at the electrodes under unidirectional operation. When electrode polarity was reversed every 2 hr, soil pH was efficiently controlled within the range of 6.35-9.75. The relative oil concentrations after the bidirectional experiment were in the range of 0.81-0.84 after 20 days of treatment. The relatively low oil degradation rate may be due to the facultative aerobic environment in the saturated soil matrix.