Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1030-1032

Abstract: MBR technology for sewage treatment has the advantages of high volumetric load, good treatment performance and so on. But the MBR technology also has the shortage of membrane fouling. So this study selected the control method of fixing combination packing added in the MBR reactor, so as to reduce the membrane pollution, at the same time in the reactor to create the environment of coexistence of anaerobic and aerobic for biological denitrification. Through the research of the pollutants removal efficiency and the membrane pollution, it was founded that this method can remove 85-95% of COD and ammonia nitrogen. Effluent COD concentration generally is about 25mg/L, and the minimum of it is less than 10 mg/L. Effluent ammonia nitrogen is generally less than 10 mg/L. The minimum effluent concentration of ammonia nitrogen was less than 1 mg/L. The removal rate of total phosphorus was between 30-45%.

Abstract: The measurement of the complex permittivity of big structure composite material has always been a key and difficulty in the preparation of electromagnetic functional materials. In this paper the average dielectric constant inversion of coconut fiber/gypsum composite in S band is studied based on λ/4 absorption spectrum. First the absorbing effects of the prepared coconut fiber gypsum composite materials are tested with method of flat reflection. Then the equivalent complex permittivity is inversed with the inversion theory. Further the experimental verification is preceded that the theoretical and experimental absorbing curves whose peak positions are respectively at 3.05GHz and 2.45GHz are quite matched. And the study shows that this method is scientific and effective, and it can provide technical support for the baroque electromagnetic functional composite materials.

Abstract: In order to strengthen the activity of biofilm on the surface of fillers, the polyurethane foam loaded tourmaline (TPU) filler was prepared to use waterborne polyurethane as medium in this experiment. The results showed that tourmaline into the polyurethane foam can optimize number of polar groups on surface of fillers and buffer pH in the solution. COD and ammonium removal efficiency was higher in reactor 1 filled with TPU fillers than in reactor 2 filled with PU fillers (91.5% and 95.9% in the former, compared with 88.4% and 79.3% in the latter). Through biofilm composition analysis, the amount of polysaccharides was similar in each biofilm at around 60 mg/ g VSS, while proteins were much higher in reactor 1 filled with TPU carriers at the 30th day (80 mg /g VSS in reactor 1 and 60 mg /g VSS in reactor 2).

Abstract: The purpose of this research was to study the white resist printing with colour resistant material from flour of wild taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) and using pigment as dyestuffs. The optimal ratio of colour resistant materials from flour of giant taro were compose of 19% wild taro corm, 30% water, 34% sodium chloride, 13% calcium hydroxide, and 3% vegetable oil. The fixation of printing by using hot air at 110 °C for 3 minutes can resist dyestuffs and also easy to remove the flour of giant taro. The pattern at resist printing area of fabrics shows sharpness and whiteness. The colour fastness results were ranging between fair to good level.

Abstract: EU is heading to efforts to promote the use of biofuels. Biofuels are replaced fossil fuels only partially. They are produced by a mixture of fossil fuels and biofuels. For spark ignition engines, the most widely used biofuel E85, a fuel containing 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline. The more biologist is contained in the fuel is thus suffer more from oil charge combustion engine. Therefore, in the paper presented a comparison of the properties of the oil filling when using of fossil fuels (currently contains a small amount of the fuel ethanol) and E85 biofuel. Were monitored passenger vehicle brand Saab 95, namely engine B235 R. From the car was removed a total of 10 samples of engine oil. One part of the samples were removed during operation of the internal combustion engine to the biofuel E85 and the second at operation of the internal combustion engine currently available fossil fuel BA95. The internal combustion engine is used for lubricating motor oil Mobil 1 0W-40th Analysis engine oil are focused on the evaluation of viscosity, density and lubricity.

Abstract: In the present study, cotton fabric has been dyed with natural indigo (Indigofera tentoria) in absence and present ferrous sulfate mordant by using post-mordanting and pad-batch processes. It was observed that with an increase in the dye concentration, the ultraviolet (UV) protection factor (UPF) values good for the cotton fabric. Cotton fabrics dyed with natural indigo showed greenish-blue shade. The fastness properties ranged from good to very good, level. The results confirmed that natural dyes from natural indigo with ferrous sulfate have potential applications in fabric dyeing and in producing UV-protective cotton fabrics.

Abstract: The effects of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen removal rates and nitrite accumulation are investigated under alternating oxic-anoxic model in biological nitrogen removal system——sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The system operational effect was studied by analyzing pollutants removal and nitrite accumulation changes. The results showed that the ammonium nitrogen removal rate increased gradually and reached 60% at last. The average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 50.2%. The average total nitrogen removal rate was 31.0% due to the low ammonia nitrogen removal and the low carbon in the inflow. The average COD removal rate was 41.7%, finally the COD removal rate reached near 60%. The average nitrite accumulation rate was 68.71%. The alternating oxic-anoxic model reached stable nitrite accumulation.

Abstract: Cotton fabric samples were printed with acacia catechu willd. using reactive-printing technique has been investigated. The effect of different factors, i.e. quantities of urea, thickening agent and Sodium bicarbonate has been studied. The printed goods were evaluated by measuring the K/S values and the overall fastness properties. The results show that the colour strength (K/S) value of recipe 3 was the best printed result, and the next good result was obtained in the order of recipe 2 and recipe 1. The colour fastness results were ranging between fair and good level.

Abstract: In the present study, natural dye from cob of purple corn and various metallic salts have been used to identify the proper dyeing condition for attaining high quality natural dyeing along with imparting UV protection property to the dyed silk fabric. Silk fabrics dyed with cob of purple corn extract showed a violetish-pink shade, while those dyed with alum light violetish-pink shade colour. Silk substrates dyed with CuSO₄ and FeSO₄ gave a yellowish grey and violetish-gray colour, respectively. The fastness properties ranged from fair to good. The ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) values of silk fabric dyed with and without metal mordants ranged between very good and excellent.

Abstract: The purpose of this research was to study the white resist printing with colour resistant material from flour of wild taro (Colocasia Esculenta (L.) Schott) and using acacia catechu willd. as natural dye by batik technique. The optimal ratio of colour resistant materials from flour of wild taro were compose of 20% flour of wild taro corm, 36% water, 30% sodium chloride, 10% calcium hydroxide, and 4% vegetable oil. The fixation of painted samples by using hot air at 120 °C for 3 minutes can resist dyestuffs and also easy to remove the flour of wild taro. The pattern at resist printing area of fabrics shows sharpness and whiteness. The colour fastness to light and rubbing results were ranging between fair to good level. However, poor level was obtained from colour fastness to washing, water, and perspiration.