Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1030-1032

Abstract: This paper presented a kind of design principle and method of the adaptive solar power supply system, and draw out the lighting system, hardware circuit and software flow charts of the system. Using MCU control solar lighting system to track the sun direction, the system collects the sun angle information through optical sensor in order to use solar energy in high efficiency. The device not only can provide reliable electric energy for the highway cameras, visibility detectors and other dispersion equipment, but has the advantages of low carbon, environmental protection, intelligence, etc.

Abstract: Beach protection band is the main common type of channel maintenance engineering in the lower-middle reaches of the Yangtze River After the building and water impoundment of three gorges project, the natural condition of water and sediment and evolution law of river channel under the dam beach are changed, the stream wise erosion and regulation will happen by long distance and periods. Through field investigation, data analysis, theoretical research and other means, the impact of beach protection structure under clear water scour are studied; the characteristics and applicable conditions of beach protection zone are also studied. The applicable conditions depend on engineering goals, A new understanding for beach protection engineering transformed from the defensive to offensive function are put forward, which provides control ideas and principles for the implementation of the follow-up project.

Abstract: Through the study on city environment problems in cold area, the deep exploration in architecture, landscape science, psychology, aesthetics, cultural customs perspective, learning environment design example of excellent foreign, summarizes the way to adapt to the environment design in cold region of the specific situation, so as to improve the cold city landscape quality, improve environment and cultural connotation aesthetic value, and maintain and adjust the balance of city ecosystem, conducive to social and economic development.

Abstract: In order to research the motion mechanism of floating multi-bodies, constraint matrix method (CMM) and potential flow theory are used. Compared to the other method, CMM is easier to model and faster in calculating. The Pelamis wave energy converter is modeled by deriving the system to separate rigid bodies. CMM is used to simulate the Pelamis wave energy converter in time domain with code in house by FORTRAN, some important conclusions are got.

Abstract: Drinking water supplies continue to be a major source of human disease because many of them remain unsafe and vulnerable. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of trihalomethanes formation and chemical and microbiological quality through four raw surface waters as well as finished tap waters. The seasonal changes on trihalomethane formation and concentration of organic precursors were examined. Results show that disinfection for Algerian drinking water reduces the risk of pathogenic infection but may pose chemical threat to human health due to high levels of by-products such as trihalomethanes, when the organic and inorganic precursors are present in water. The level of THM precursors vary between different catchment areas and between different water treatment plants, and seasonally. Such work may be interesting to help management strategies and to assist drinking water treatment plants in DBP control processes for increasingly impaired water sources.

Abstract: The debris flow in Sewanzu gully was located in Heishui county of Sichuan province, which was 5.12 Wenchuan of sichuan earthquake severely disaster. It was large and very likely outbreak, which not only had posed a serious threat to the lives and properties of people, but also affected the reconstruction work going on smoothly. According to the basic features of the valley and the debris flow, the dynamic parameters,such as bulk density,flow rate,flow capacity and sediment flush-out were calculated.And then the hazard of the debris flow was evaluated quantitatively. The results could provide the basis for the governance and disaster prevention and mitigation of the debris flow gully.

Abstract: By using the method of finite element, a numerical simulation of heat transfer of the compressed air in a closed square cavity with high temperature heater. Analyze the effects of heat transfer performance, temperature and flow field in closed cavity with different arrangement of heater. Provide a basis for optimizing heater arranged location. The transfer area of heater is the same. And the structure form of the heater includes quadrilateral centered, cross centered and piecewise evenly arranged. Heating efficiency is highest when the heater quadrilateral centered and when heater cross centered, the temperature of the cavity is best in the horizontal direction

Abstract: This paper takes a typical channel passage in the middle route of the South-to-North water diversion project as an example to study emergency control strategies for unexpected water pollution accidents. A one-dimensional Saint Venant equation and water quality numerical model is developed, considering limitations such as the migration velocity of pollutants, water level fluctuation, and variations in the channel. Emergency control strategies for each gate are proposed for unexpected water pollution accidents and gate closing rules are established. Parameters such as the channel water depletion rate, stabilization time, water level fluctuation, and water quality are simulated under different control strategies in order to ensure the safe operation of water transport and to decide on the control strategy for unexpected water pollution accidents. Such studies can provide reference information for the development of emergency strategies in the middle route of the South-to-North water diversion project.

Abstract: The main objectives were to investigate the concentrations of heavy metal in Guilin vegetable topsoils by conducting geostatistical analyses, including Kriging method assisted with GIS tool. These results will contribute to the management of regional environment. A total of one hundred and eighty-six samples of topsoils (0~20cm) were collected from all over Guilin, China. Concentrations of topsoil Cu, As, Ni, Zn, Pb and Cd in Guilin area were measured and contour maps were constructed to describe the metals’ spatial distribution. The concentrations of heavy metals in vegetable soil are in log-normal distribution, so the Geometric means of Cu, As, Ni, Zn, Pb and Cd are 28.30, 20.00, 23.97, 91.01, 36.76 and 0.62 mg/kg, respectively. Concentration of 6 heavy metals were comparable with background values of Guilin except Cd, but all of them were much lower than the second level of environmental quality standard for soil of China.

Abstract: Water transparency is an important parameter describing water optical property. Based on the summarized research results in recent decades, this paper systematically expounded the mechanism of various influencing factors for water transparency in the field environment, and classified the factors into three categories: direct influencing factors (including suspended solids, CDOM and algae), distinct indirect influencing factors (including nutrient concentrations and aquatic plants), and weak indirect influencing factors (including temperature, pH). In different water bodies the contribution impacts of direct influencing factors vary with the different environmental characteristics. Distinct indirect influencing factors usually have composite effects on water transparency, which make the mechanism more complex. Weak indirect influencing factors are constrained by other environmental factors, featuring more uncertainty. According to the analysis of previous researches, the following three aspects should be concerned in further studies: (1) more mechanism researches should be conducted based on field measured data analysis; (2) coupling mechanism of multi-factor for water transparency should be concerned.