Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1030-1032

Abstract: Natural dye extracted from the longan leaves was applied to a silk fabric by an exhaustion dyeing process. The dyeing was conducted with and without metallic salt mordants using pre-mordanting. It was observed that with an increase in the dye concentration, the ultraviolet (UV) protection factor (UPF) values ranged between good and very good for the silk fabric. In addition, a darker color, such as that provided by a CuSO₄ and FeSO₄ mordant, gave better protection because of higher UV absorption. The results confirmed that natural dyes from longan leaf extract with metal mordants have potential applications in fabric dyeing and in producing UV-protective silk fabrics.

Abstract: Nitrification-denitrification biological nitrogen removal process has become the hotspot for the wastewater. During carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio was 1.16, 2.25, 4.07 and 6.20, the change of denitrification efficiency and the impact on the partial nitrification/denitrification was investigated. The results showed that removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was maintained in the high level, and was stable above 98% after C/N ratio higher than 1.16. With C/N ratio increased, the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand was increased about 20%, total nitrogen was increased from 54.9% to 84.6%. Simultaneously, after C/N ratio was higher than 4.07, the concentration of effluent TN was below 15 mg/L. Nitrite accumulation rate was maintained above 95%, the effect on partial nitrification was good, and the concentration of effluent nitrate was nearly 0, the best ratio of the C/N ratio was 4.07.

Abstract: Jatropha curcas L. is a plant with a high potential with many technologically useful part – seeds of the plant are the most utilized. A development of composite materials – biocomposites from renewable resource is an interesting and prospective tendency of a material engineering. A filler of the biocomposites can be from worse useful parts of plants which were primarily technologically processed for the purpose of gaining various commodities. As an example we can mentioned gaining of oil from Jatropha curcas L. seeds when it is possible to use rests cake from whole seeds. An experiment describes basic mechanical properties of an epoxy resin filled with microparticles of seed cakes (575 μm).

Abstract: On the base of the former research of mercerization of pulp fibers, SEM, XRD and Automated Surface Area & Pore Size Analyzer were used to characterize surface morphology, crystalline property, and specific surface area and the pore size distribution of fibers. The results show that the fiber cell wall swelling, degree of crystallinity decrease and specific surface area and pore size distribution increase after mercerization.

Abstract: Effects of mercerizing treatment on water-retention value of bleaching coniferous wood pulp fibers were discussed and the mercerizing treatment conditions were optimized. The best conditions of mercerizing treatment is NaOH concentration of 7mol/L, temperature of 40°C and processing time of 100min. SEM showed that the fiber cell wall swelling increase after mercerization.

Abstract: Effects of ultrasonic processing conditions on water retention value of bleaching coniferous wood pulp fibers, absorbent cotton pulp fiber and straw pulp fiber were discussed. Results showed that ultrasonic power and processing time have an significant impact on water retention value of three kinds of pulp, the effort of ultrasonic treatment temperature on water retention value of three kinds of pulp is less. The water retention value of bleaching coniferous wood pulp fibers, absorbent cotton pulp fiber and straw pulp fiber, respectively, reach the maximum at power of 300W, 500W, 400W, and processing time of 60min, 120min, 60min.

Abstract: Water scarcity is a critical issue in most regions of China; however, river basin groundwater monitoring is extremely limited.This study evaluates the ability of the GRACE satellites and Global Land Data Assimilation System(GLDAS) to monitor groundwater storage in the Yellow River Basin and Yangtze River Basin, China, which is subjected to intense irrigation, production and living. The simulated terrestrial water storage change data which was calculateed by Global Land Data Assimilate System was used to compare the accuracy of GRACE data. Results show that both two datas show significant seasonal cycle in the Yangtze River and Yellow River (except frozen soil), the correlation is 0.89 and 0.84(p<0.05).Two methods have some differences on grid scales, the results which was retrieved by GRACE satellites have better continuity than simulated by GLDAS. GRACE inversion results reflect deeper water storge change in soil, and GLDAS simply reflect surface soil moisture.

Abstract: In recent years, the concept of renewable energy has been deepening and popularization, all kinds of new energy technology is developed by leaps and bounds, a growing number of wave energy devices has been put into use and has a very good prospect. In wave power generation equipment, the conversion transmission device is a very important unit, which involving energy transfer, adjustment, stable output and buffer storage, so it need to be well designed to satisfy the operational requirement by taking advantage of different parts. By analyzing the commonly used conversion transmission devices, the characteristics of transmission devices and wave power generation equipments, we proposing a design of a flexible transmission device which can change its torque capacity with clutch automatic control device, in the form of its layout to drive a train of thought for the design wave energy conversion.

Abstract: In the Northeast massif of La (Lamadian), it is going into the later exploit period with higher containing water in reservoir. In order to increase recovery efficiency, it is needed to discover a potential extract ability of residual oil. By studying the higher sub-layer II 1-18 in the northeast massif of Lamadian oil field this time, based on developing a carefully detailed reservoir description for that, in terms of resisting inter layer recognition in single well, depositional microfacies delineation, and reservoir features study, combined with dynamic data, control factors and distribution of residual oil in that region are analyzed and concluded. The result illustrated that the vertical rhythmic structure of reservoir is closely related to residual oil distribution, some different models of residual oil can be distinguished by rhythm; additionally, the planimetric position of residual oil is mainly controlled by depositional microfacies and reservoir features, planimetric heterogeneity, as well as inject-exploit relation.

Abstract: Reasonable logistics distribution plan can not only reduce distribution costs, but also be conducive to energy saving and emissions reduction. This study aims to optimize logistics distribution plan with the minimum energy consumption as objective. Firstly, as for the time-dependent vehicle routing problem with time windows (TDVRPTW), considering the effect of total vehicle weight and travel speed on energy consumption factor, an optimization function is proposed to minimize the fuel consumption during delivery; secondly, based on the road network and traffic information, the ant colony algorithm is used to solve the TDVRPTW to optimize the distribution plan; finally, experiments are designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method, and the results show that, compared to the existing optimization approach, the proposed method can effectively reduce the energy consumption of delivery vehicles by about 12.76%.