Carbon Dioxide Transport and Storage

Abstract:

Increased focus on reducing CO₂ emissions has created growing interest in CO₂ capture from industrial processes for storage in underground formations. New technical solutions, costs and energy requirements for ship-based transport of CO₂ are presented. All elements in the transport chain, namely liquefaction, storage, loading system, dedicated CO₂ ship (s), onshore loading and unloading, and offshore unloading systems are included in the paper. Over 80 % from the primary energy consumed all over the world is obtained from fossil oil and natural gas. The last researches have shown the energy dependences of these types of fuels. The transition to the economy based on the low influence of the carbon, the carbon capture technology, is the main means to reconsider the fossil fuels for meeting the needs for reduction of negative emissions. This is necessary for keeping the world temperature at normal levels. The main target of this paper is to put highlight the negative effect of CO₂ emissions and the interest in recovery of carbon dioxide from flue gases trough multiple factors: the merchant CO₂ market, renewed interest in enhanced oil recovery, and the desire to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It also takes in account modalities of transport and storage of CO₂. Solutions for CO₂ capture and injection into caverns instead of natural deposits were found worldwide. These solutions are not applicable however all over the world and they are not a priority in the environment protection activity.Another important aspect calls for all merchant ships requirements regarding CO₂ emissions through index calculation and development of Management Plan. Also, to increase the control of CO₂ it would be useful to identify the caverns where it is possible to deposit the CO₂, to build new special ship for CO2 transport or replace natural deposits through CO₂ injection.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volume 1036)
• Pages: 975-980
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1036.975
• Online since: October 2014
• Authors: Teodor Popa, Ovidiu Sorin Cupsa
• Keywords: Carbon Dioxide, Cavern, Ship, Storage, Transport

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