Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1040

Abstract: The structural features of multilayered "metal - intermetallic" composite materials based on nickel and aluminum, obtained by SPS method have been investigated in this paper. The effect of sintering temperature on phase composition of the intermetallic layers was studied. The influence of intermetallic layers phase composition on the mechanical properties of the composites was estimated.

Abstract: The structure and tribotechnical properties of sintered Al-Sn alloys were studied. It was pointed that the sintering of pure metals powders allows save the skeleton structure of aluminium matrix at the enlarging concentration of tin up to 50% that twice higher its content in commercial alloys this system. It was established that the high Sn content in sintered alloys leads to their well wear resistance under the dry friction conditions, but it not has an influence on the value of friction coefficient.

Abstract: X-ray and transmission electron microscopy results of initial tungsten and molybdenum nanopowders produced by electrical explosion of wire and used in metal sulfides synthesis is presented. Sulphur excess effect on metal nanopowders combustion with elementary sulphur and phase composition of products is studied. Tungsten and molybdenum disulfides obtained by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis under argon pressure 3 MPa and sulphur excess 15 wt. % in initial mixture are crystallized in layered aggregates with layer thickness 20-30 nm.

Abstract: The development of construction technologies is impossible without the proper estimation of economical efficiency. Some results of technical and economical efficiency of the developed high-strength structural lightweight concretes are presented in the article. Overview concerning world practice of research and application of lightweight concrete composition are made. The main properties and advantages of developed energy efficient high-strength lightweight concretes are described. The method of calculation of economic efficiency of concrete by means of reduction of total construction weight and increasing of floors’ number is proposed. Dependence between efficiency, footprint of building and number of floors is presented. It is shown that economical calculation for developed material which is based only on the cost of the material itself does not allow to obtain adequate data concerning prospect and competitiveness of the material. The authors offer method of calculating the economic efficiency of the developed high-strength lightweight concrete which takes into account the technical properties of the new material. The results of the study showed that the application of high-strength lightweight concrete is more effective than traditional kinds of the concretes.

Abstract: In the current article the use of nanoparticles of titanium dioxide is justified to be an active component of the photocatalytic materials. The relationship between composition, structure and bactericidal properties of titanium dioxide is also established. It is shown that the polypropylene carrier comprising on a surface of at least 2.1 ± 0.3 mg/g of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, where both phases of titanium dioxide such as rutile and anatase are presented, allows the antibacterial treatment of water with high efficiency and it can be used for water purification from microbial contamination.

Abstract: The use of polymeric matrices with different crystalline degree values for the design of polymer compounds for tribotechnical purposes is demonstrated. The wear resistance of the provided material in question trends significantly in favor of compounds with greater crystalline degree values. Considering the macrolevel data, the level of the sampled materials carry almost equal effective stress-strain properties. Therefore this difference may be associated with local material properties which influence the rearrangement of stress-strain state parameters in polymeric matrices with changing crystalline degree values.

Abstract: The Fe-core/carbon-shell nanopowders are excellent platform for covalent grafting of biomolecules. The large-scale synthesis of Fe-core/carbon-shell nanoparticles via electropulse erosion of metal precursors in hydrocarbons was developed. The green fluorescent protein was covalently attached to the powder surface via diazonium functionalization and further carbodiimide activation.

Abstract: This article presents results of a study of the surface topography of nickel composite electrochemical coatings (CEC), reinforced alumina nanoparticles, and the test results of the diamond tool. Used as a reinforcing phase alumina nanopowder was obtained by electrical explosion of aluminum wire in oxygenated atmosphere and had an average particle size of 60-70 nm. Experiments showed that the inclusion of alumina nanoparticles in a nickel matrix modifies its structure and increases the strength properties, so the wear resistance of diamond-plating increased by 3 times.

Abstract: By selective acid leaching, silica nanotubes were prepared from the natural mineral chrysotile asbestos. These one-dimensional tube actually represent a convolution of twodimensional layers, and the subsequent stacking the tubes into a hexagonal assembly generates three-dimensional body. Made materials are acid-and heat-resistant and can be used as feedstock in the manufacture of filters, or as matrices for the synthesis of nanomaterials.

Abstract: The tribotechnical properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposite based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) under dry sliding and lubrication of distilled water and plasma blood was investigated with block-on-ring. It was shown that modification of UHMWPE by HA nanoparticles within range of 0.1–0.5 wt.% results in decrease of wear intensity at dry sliding up to 3 times. The under lubrication, wear intensity of pure UHMWPE and nanocomposite are deceased up to 50–70% as compared with under dry sliding. Permolecular structure of pure UHMWPE and nanocomposite are spherulitic structure, which nanoparticle does not alter the nature of the permolecular structure, and homogeneously dispersed in the UHMWPE matrix.