With the expansion and modernization of cities, the intensity and density of urban underground pipelines are dramatically increasing, and the surrounding environment of the underground pipelines is more complex. This paper analyzed the environmental factors of the pipelines, and divided the environmental factors into soil environment, external force and natural disaster. By using the Accident Tree Analysis researched the basic events that cause the underground pipeline accidents, and the results shows that the most important basic events are the human constructions, without protective measures, and the second important basic events are corrosion failure, no timely detection and treatment of the environment risks, such as underground cavity, encroachment. The evolution mechanism of underground pipeline accident was analyzed. According to the analysis results, the soil surrounding the underground pipelines may be evolved into unstable-state under the influence of environmental inducements, finally the underground pipelines may be damaged and the accidents will happen without any protective measures.
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