Synthesis of Porous Anodic Alumina on Aluminium Manganese Alloys

Abstract:

In this study, porous anodic alumina was formed on aluminium alloy substrate with increasing manganese content, from high purity aluminium with 0 wt% Mn to aluminium alloy with 2.0 wt% manganese by anodizing. Substrates were anodized at 50 V in 0.3 M oxalic acid of 15°C for 60 minutes. Images from the optical microscope revealed that no secondary phase existed in high purity aluminium and aluminium substrate with 0.5 wt% manganese while two phases were observed when the manganese contents were higher than 0.5 wt%. Element dispersive X ray spectroscopy spot analysis suggested that the secondary phase consists of both aluminium and manganese. Well ordered porous anodic alumina was obtained on high purity aluminium and aluminium substrate with 0.5 wt% manganese while pore arrangement of porous anodic alumina was significant disturbed when aluminium alloys with manganese contents higher than 0.5 wt% were anodized.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volume 1109)
• Pages: 78-82
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1109.78
• Online since: June 2015
• Authors: Chun Hong Voon*, Mohd Nazree B. Derman, U. Hashim, Kai Loong Foo, Seng Teik Ten
• Keywords: Anodizing, Manganese, Oxalic Acid, Oxide Dissolution Treatment, Porous Anodic Alumina

References

[1] F. Keller, M.S. Hunter, and D.L. Robinson, Structural features of oxide coatings on aluminium, J. Electrochem. Soc. 100 (1953), 411-419.

DOI: 10.1149/1.2781142

[2] S. Ono and N. Masuko, Evaluation of pore diameter of anodic porous films formed on aluminium, Surf. Coat. Technol. 169 (2003), 139-142.

DOI: 10.1016/s0257-8972(03)00197-x

[3] H. Masuda and K. Fukuda, Ordered metal nanohole arrays made by a two-step replication of honeycomb structures of anodic alumina, Science. 268 (1995), 1466-1468.

DOI: 10.1126/science.268.5216.1466

[4] N. Kwon, K. Kim, J. Heo, and I. Chung, Fabrication of ordered anodic aluminum oxide with matrix arrays of pores using nanoimprint, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 27 (2009), 803-807.

DOI: 10.1116/1.3139884

[5] C.Y. Liu, A. Datta, and Y.L. Wang, Ordered anodic alumina nanochannels on focused-ion-beam-prepatterned aluminum surfaces, Appl. Phys. Lett. 78 (2001), 120-122.

DOI: 10.1063/1.1335543

[6] G.H. Jeong, S.K. Lim, J.K. Park, D. Lee, B.K. Lee, and S.J. Suh, Microprocesses and Nanotechnology, 2007 Digest of papers (2007),192-193 .

[7] L. Zaraska, G.D. Sulka, J. Szeremeta, and M. Jaskuła, Porous anodic alumina formed by anodization of aluminum alloy (AA1050) and high purity aluminium, Electrochim. Acta 55 (2010), 4377-4386.

DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.12.054

[8] Tsangaraki-Kaplanoglou, S. Theohari, T. Dimogerontakis, Y.-M. Wang, H.-H. Kuo, and S. Kia, Effect of alloy types on the anodizing process of aluminium, Surf. Coat. Technol. 200 (2006), 2634-2641.

DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.07.065

[9] C. H. Voon, M. N. Derman, and U. Hashim, Effect of manganese content on the fabrication of porous anodic alumina, J.Nanomater. 2012 (2012), 1-9.

DOI: 10.1155/2012/752926

[10] C. H. Voon, M. N. Derman, U. Hashim, K. R. Ahmad, and K. L. Foo, Effect of temperature of oxalic acid on the fabrication of porous anodic alumina from Al-Mn alloys, J.Nanomater. 2013 (2013), 1-8.

DOI: 10.1155/2013/167047

[11] C. H. Voon, M. N. Derman, U. Hashim, and K. L. Foo, Effect of anodizing voltage on the formation of porous anodic alumina on Al-0.5wt% Mn alloys, Adv. Mat. Res. 626 (2013), 610-614.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.925.455

[12] C. H. Voon, M. N. Derman, U. Hashim and K. R. Ahmad, Effect of anodizing voltage on the growth kinetics of porous anodic alumina on Al-0.5 wt% Mn alloys, Adv. Mat. Res. 795 (2013), 56-59.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.795.56

[13] C. H. Voon, M. N. Derman, U. Hashim, and K. L. Foo and T. Adam, Effect of anodizing voltage on the morphology and growth kinetics of porous anodic alumina on Al-0.5 wt% Mn alloys, Adv. Mat. Res. 832 (2014), 101-106.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.832.101

[14] C.H. Voon, M.N. Derman, U. Hashim, K.R. Ahmad & L.N. Ho, A simple one-step anodising method for the synthesis of ordered porous anodic alumina, J. Exp. Nanosci. 9 (2014), 106-112.

DOI: 10.1080/17458080.2011.630151

[15] W. J. Stepniowski, D. Zasada, & Z. Bojar, Synthesis of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) at relatively high temperatures. Study of the influence of anodization conditions on the alumina structural features, Surf. Coating Tech. 206(2011), 265-272.

DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.07.020

[16] K. Nielsch, J. Choi, K. Schwirn, R. B. Wehrspohn, & U. Gösele, Self-ordering regimes of porous alumina:  the 10 porosity rule, Nano Lett. 2 (2002), 677-680.

DOI: 10.1021/nl025537k

[17] A. Li, F. Müller, A. Birner, K. Nielsch, & U. Gösele, Hexagonal pore arrays with a 50–420 nm interpore distance formed by self-organization in anodic alumina, J. Appl. Phys. 84 (1998), 6023-6026.

DOI: 10.1063/1.368911

[18] L. E. Fratila-Apachitei, F. D. Tichelaar, G. E. Thompson, H. Terryn, P. Skeldon, J. Duszczyk, L. Katgerman, A trasmission electron microscopy study of hard anodic oxide layers on AlSi(Cu) alloys, Electrochim. Acta 49 (2004), 3169-3177.

DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.02.030