Cleaner Production Technology on Controlling Emissions of Unintentionally Produced PCDD/Fs from Non-Wood Pulp and Paper Mills in China

Abstract:

As one of the main emission sources of PCDD/Fs, the pulp and paper industry has always been public concerns. In China, the consumption of non-wood fiber as raw material of pulp accounts for a relatively larger proportion in the total productivity. Here, the unintentionally produced PCDD/Fs emissions of five Chinese non-wood pulp and paper mills were investigated. The results showed that the increment of PCDD/Fs after bleaching with chlorine was about 1.71-28.19 times in pulp and 3.96-28.82 times in wastewater based on the existing technologies. In order to reduce the unintentional production of PCDD/Fs, the BAT/BEP transformation program was proposed as cleaner production initiatives featured by less or free use of chlorine in bleaching process, and evaluated by reduction effects and costs. The study showed the application of Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) sequences in bleaching process with improving technologies in other production stages would effectively decrease the generation of PCDD/Fs, other pollutant load as well as the water consumptions.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 236-238)
• Pages: 1120-1123
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.236-238.1120
• Online since: May 2011
• Authors: Guo Yu Sun, Wei Li
• Keywords: Best Available Techniques (BAT), Best Environmental Practice (BEP), Bleaching Process, Cleaner Production Technology, Non-Wood Pulp and Paper Industry, Unintentionally Produced PCDD/FS

References

[1] Rappe C, Swanson S, Glas B, Kringstad KP, De Sousa F, Johansson L and Abe Z: Pulp Paper Can Vol.90(1989), pp.42-47.

[2] Swanson S, Rappe C, Malmstrom J and Kringstad KP: Chemosphere Vol.17(1988), pp.681-691.

[3] Voss RH, Luthe CE, Fleming Bl, Berry RM and Allen LH: Pulp Paper Can Vol.89(1988), pp.151-162.

[4] UNEP: Stockholm Conventions on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2001).

[5] N. T. Kim Oanh, B.-E. Bengtsson, L. Bætz Reutergårdh, D. T. Hoa, P.-A. Bergqvist, D. Broman and Y. Zebu¨hr: ARCHIVES OF Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Vol.37(1999), pp.303-309.

DOI: 10.1007/s002449900518

[6] China Paper Association: China's Paper Industry Report 2009 (2010) in Chinese.

[7] M.-H. Zheng, Z.-C. Bao, K.-O. Wang and X.-B. Xu: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Vol.59(1997): pp.90-93.

[8] Ming-Hui Zheng, Zhi-Cheng Bao, Bing Zhang and Xiao-Bai Xu: Chemosphere Vol.44(2000): pp.1335-1337.

[9] Q. H. Zhang, Y. Xu, W. Z. Wu, R. M. Xiao, L. Feng, K.-W. Schramm and A. Kettrup: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Vol.64(2000): pp.368-371.

DOI: 10.1007/s001280000009

[10] U K Ghosh: Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Vol.65(2006), pp.68-71.

[11] Zhan HY, Guo SC, Zhang CF, Basta J, Heijnesson-Hulten A and Greschik T: Proceedings of international conference on pulping, papermaking and biotechnology Vol. I(2008), pp.16-23.

[12] Angeles Blanco, Carlos Negro, Ccncepcion Monte, Elena Fuente and Julio Tijero: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Vol.38(2004), p. 414A-420A.

DOI: 10.1021/es040654y

[13] Wencai Lu: Equipment installation and maintenance of paper enterprises project budget Application Notes (Science and Culture Publishing House, China 2008) in Chinese.