Rapid Carboxymethylation of Xylan-Rich Hemicelluloses by Microwave Irradiation

Abstract:

Rapid carboxymethylation of xylan-rich hemicelluloses from wheat straw biomass with sodium monochloroacetate and sodium hydroxide in the ethanol/water medium under microwave irradiations was investigated in this paper. The effects of reaction conditions such as the reaction time, the reaction temperature, and the amounts of sodium hydroxide and sodium monochloroacetate on the degree substitution (DS) of carboxymethylated hemicelluloses were discussed. The structures of hemicelluloses before and after the chemical modification were analyzed by ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was used to characterize the carboxymethylated hemicelluloses. During the chemical modification, it was found that the remarkable degradation of hemicelluloses occurred under microwave irradiations.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 236-238)
• Pages: 292-296
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.236-238.292
• Online since: May 2011
• Authors: Xin Wen Peng, Jun Li Ren, Feng Peng, Run Cang Sun
• Keywords: ¹³CNMR, Carboxymethylation, Microwave Irradiation, Xylan-Rich Hemicellulose

References

[1] M.G. Adsul, J.E. Ghule, R. Singh, H. Shaikh, K.B. Bastawde, D.V. Gokhale and A.J. Varma: Carbohydr. Polym. Vol. 57 (2004), p.67

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2004.04.001

[2] B.C. Saha: J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Vol. 30 (2003), p.279

[3] F.M. Gírio, C. Fonsecaa, F. Carvalheiroa, L.C. Duartea, S. Marquesa and R. Bogel-Łukasik: Bioresour. Technol. Vol. 101 (2010), p.4775

[4] N.M.L. Hansen and D. Plackett: Biomacromolecules. Vol. 9 (2008), p.1493

[5] T, Heinze: Macromol Chem Phys Vol. 199 (1998), p.2341

[6] P. Lidstrom, J. Tierney, B. Wathey and J. Westman: Tetrahedron Vol. 57 (2001), p.9225

[7] D. Schurig, J.J. Mock, B.J. Justice, S.A. Cummer, J.B. Pendry, A.F. Starr and D.R. Smith: Science Vol. 314 (2006), p.977

DOI: 10.1126/science.1133628

[8] K. Kwon, J.H. Auh, J.W. Kim, K.H. Park, C.H. Park and C.J. Ko: Starch/Stärke Vol. 49 (1997), p.499

DOI: 10.1002/star.19970491207

[9] J.L. Ren, R.C. Sun and F, Peng: Polym. Degrad. Stab Vol. 93 (2008), p.786

[10] A. Loupy, P. Pigeon, M. Ramdani and P. Jacquault: Adv. Mater. Vol. 10 (1999), p.49

[11] M.S. Lindblad, J. Sjöberg, A.C. Albertsson and J. Hartman, in: Materials, Chemicals, and Energy from Forest Biomass; edtied by D.S. Argyropoulos Publications/ACS Symposium Series 954, Washington, DC (2007), p.153

DOI: 10.1021/bk-2007-0954.ch010

[12] S.P. Vijayalakshmi, J. Chakraborty, Giridhar Madras: J. Appl. Polym. Sci. Vol. 96 (2005), p. (2090)

[13] R.C. Sun, L. Mott and J. Bolton: J. Agric. Food Chem Vol. 46 (1998), p.718